Libyco-Berber alphabetThe Libyco-Berber alphabet is an abjadwriting system that was used during the first millennium BC by various Berber peoples of North Africa and the Canary Islands, to write ancient varieties of the Berber language (possibly Numidian language).
Berber languagesFamily of languages and dialects Indigenous to North AfricaBerber Latin alphabetThe Berber Latin alphabet (Berber languages: Agemmay Amaziɣ Alatin) is the version of the Latin alphabet used to write the Berber languages. It was adopted in the 19th century, using a variety of letters.
Tuareg peopleBerber ethnic group of the Sahara desertEthnic groupThe Tuareg people or the Tuaregs are an Amazigh ethnic group. They are traditionally nomadicpastoralists who principally inhabit the Sahara in an area stretching from southwestern Libya to southern Algeria, Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, and as far as northern Nigeria, with smaller communities in Chad and Sudan known as the Kinnin. Their population is estimated to be 4 to 5 million worldwide.
Berber AcademyAcadémie Berbère d'Échange et de Recherches Culturels, usually shortened to Académie Berbère or the Berber Academy was a Paris-based Kabyle cultural association formed in 1966 and officially authorized in March 1967 with the objective of raising Berber consciousness. The association was renamed Agraw Imazighen (English: Assembly of the Imazighen) in Tamazight in 1969.
Tuareg languagesThe Tuareg languages (English: ) constitute a group of closely related Berber languages and dialects. They are spoken by the Tuareg Berbers in large parts of Mali, Niger, Algeria, Libya, and Burkina Faso, with smaller communities, such as the Kinnin in Chad, and northern Darfur in Sudan.
Kabyle languageKabyle () or Kabylian (; native name: Taqbaylit) is a Berber language spoken by the Kabyle people in the north and northeast of Algeria. It is spoken primarily in Kabylia. Estimating the number of Berber speakers is very difficult and figures are often contested. A 2004 estimate was that 9.4% of the Algerian population spoke Kabyle. The number of diaspora speakers has been estimated at one million.
SaharaThe Sahara (, ) is a desert spanning North Africa. With an area of 9,200,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi), it is the largest hot desert in the world and the third-largest desert overall, smaller only than the deserts of Antarctica and the northern Arctic. The desert covers much of North Africa, excluding the fertile region on the coast, the Atlas Mountains of the Maghreb, and the Nile Valley in Egypt and the Sudan.
AlgeriaCountry in North AfricaFlagEmblemMotto: بِالشَّعْبِ و لِلشَّعْبِBi-sh-shaʿb wa li-sh-shaʿb"By the people and for the people"Anthem: قَسَمًاQasaman"We Pledge"Capitaland largest cityAlgiers36°42′N3°13′E / 36.700°N 3.217°E / 36.700; 3.217Official languagesArabicTamazightNational vernacularAlgerian ArabicTamazightForeign languagesFrenchEnglishEthnic groupsSee Ethnic groupsReligion (2012)99% Sunni Islam (official)<1% othersDemonymAlgerianGovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic• PresidentAbdelmadjid Tebboune• Prime MinisterSifi Ghrieb• Council PresidentAzouz Nasri• Assembly PresidentKhalida BoufedecheLegislatureParliament• Upper houseCouncil of the Nation• Lower housePeople's National AssemblyFormation• Numidia202 BC• Kingdom of Mauretania25 BC• Mauro-Roman Kingdom & Kingdom of the Aurès429• Kingdom of Altava578• Rustamid dynasty777• Zirid dynasty972• Hammadid Emirate1014• Almohad dynasty1121• Zayyanid dynasty1235• Regency of Algiers1515• French Conquest of Algeria and the Algerian popular resistance5 July 1830• Emirate of Abdelkader1832• Algerian War of Independence and the Provisional Government1 November 1954 – 19 March 1962• Independence5 July 1962Area • Total2,381,741 km (919,595 sq mi) (10th)Population• 2025 estimate 47,400,000 (32nd)• Density19/km (49.2/sq mi) (206th)GDP (PPP)2026 estimate• Total $941.544 billion (39th)• Per capita $19,677 (100th)GDP (nominal)2026 estimate• Total $317.173 billion (49th)• Per capita $6,628 (111th)Gini (2011)27.6low inequalityHDI (2023) 0.763high (96th)CurrencyAlgerian dinar (DZD)Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)Calling code+213ISO 3166 codeDZInternet TLD.dz.الجزائرAlgeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa.
MaliCountry in West AfricaFlag EmblemMotto: "Un peuple, un but, une foi" (French)"Mɔgɔ kelen, laɲini kelen, dannaya kelen" (Bambara)"One people, one goal, one faith"Anthem: "Le Mali" (French)Show globeShow map of AfricaCapitaland largest cityBamako12°39′N8°0′W / 12.650°N 8.000°W / 12.650; -8.000Official languages13 national languagesBambaraBoboHassaniya ArabicBozoDogon, Toro SoFulaKassonkeManinkeMinyankaSenufo, SenaraSonghay, Koyraboro SenniSoninkeTamasheqSpoken languagesBambaraFulaArabicSoninkeSonghayMandinkaMinyankaTamasheqSenufoBoboBozoKassonkeSamogoDafingDogonWorking languageFrench (de facto)Ethnic groups (2022 Census)35.9% Bambara12.8% Fula9.4% Senufo8.4% Malinke8.2% Soninke6.1% Dogon4.8% Songhai3.9% Tuareg2.2% Bobo / Bwa10.5% otherReligion (2022 Census)96.4% Islam2.3% Christianity0.7% traditional faiths0.5% no religion0.1% other religionsDemonymMalianGovernmentUnitary presidential republic under a military junta• PresidentAssimi Goïta• Prime MinisterAbdoulaye Maïga (interim)LegislatureNational Transitional CouncilFormation• Establishment of the Sudanese Republic24 November 1958• Merger with Senegal to create the Mali Federation4 April 1959• Independence from France 20 June 1960• Dissolution of the Mali Federation 20 August 1960• Declaration of the Republic of Mali 22 September 1960Area • Total1,240,192 km (478,841 sq mi) (23rd)• Water (%)1.6Population• 2025 estimate 25,200,000 (61st)• 2022 census22,395,489• Density18/km (46.6/sq mi) (215th)GDP (PPP)2025 estimate• Total $72.74 billion (115th)• Per capita $2,930 (173rd)GDP (nominal)2025 estimate• Total $23.21 billion (121st)• Per capita $936 (175th)Gini (2021) 35.7medium inequalityHDI (2023) 0.419low (188th)CurrencyWest African CFA franc (XOF)Time zoneUTC±00:00 (GMT)Calling code+223ISO 3166 codeMLInternet TLD.mlMali, officially the Republic of Mali, is a landlocked country in West Africa.
NigerCountry in West AfricaNiger, officially the Republic of the Niger, is a landlocked country in West Africa. It is a unitary state bordered by Libya to the northeast, Chad to the east, Nigeria to the south, Benin and Burkina Faso to the southwest, Mali to the west and Algeria to the northwest. It covers a land area of almost 1.27 million km (490,000 mi), making it the sixth-largest country in Africa and the second-largest landlocked nation in Africa behind Chad.
Tuareg in Burkina FasoTuareg in Burkina Faso are Burkina Faso citizens of Tuareg descent or persons of Tuareg descent residing in Burkina Faso. Ethnic Tuareg in Burkina Faso are believed to number around 1,500,000.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.