Turkistan RegionTurkistan Region, formerly known as South Kazakhstan Region from 1992 to 2018 and Chimkent Region from 1963 to 1991, is the southernmost region of Kazakhstan, bordering Uzbekistan. It had a population of 2,088,510 as of the . The region's capital is Turkistan, formerly Shymkent until 2018. Other cities in the region include Sayram, Kentau, Arys, Shardara, Zhetisai, Saryagash, and Lenger.
City of republican significance (Kazakhstan)A city of republican significance (Kazakh: республикалық маңызы бар қала, romanized: respublikalyq mañyzy bar qala; Russian: город республиканского значения, romanized: gorod respublikanskogo znacheniya) is a special category of administrative-territorial unit in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
KazakhstanCountry in Eastern Europe and Central AsiaKazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country situated primarily in Central Asia, with a portion of its territory extending into Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbekistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest, and it has a coastline along the Caspian Sea.
AstanaCapital of KazakhstanCapital city and City of republican significance in KazakhstanAstana is the capital city of Kazakhstan. With a population of 1,7 million within the city limits, it is the second-largest in the country after Almaty, the national capital until 1997. The city lies on the banks of the Ishim river in the north of Kazakhstan and is located within the Akmola Region but is self-administering.
Sayram (city)Sayram (Kazakh: Сайрам, romanized: Sairam) is a rural locality located in eastern Shymkent on the Sayram Su River, which rises at the nearby 4000-meter mountain Sayram Su. In medieval times, the city and countryside were located on the banks of the Arys River, into which the Sayram Su river flows. Since 2018, it has been part of Shymkent City. Population: 30,887 (2009 census results); 25,408 (1999 census results).
UzbekistanUzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan, is a sovereign, doubly landlocked country located in Central Asia. It is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Kyrgyzstan to the northeast, Tajikistan to the southeast, Afghanistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the south-west. It is one of only two doubly landlocked countries in the world, the other being Liechtenstein.
AlmatyAlmaty (formerly Alma-Ata) is the most populous city in Kazakhstan, with more than two million residents. It lies in the foothills of the Trans-Ili Alatau mountains in southern Kazakhstan, near the border with Kyrgyzstan, at an elevation of 700–900 metres (2,300–3,000 feet), with the Big Almaty and Small Almaty rivers running through it.
TashkentCapital and largest city of UzbekistanCapital city in UzbekistanTashkent ( ), also known as Toshkent, is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan. It is the most populous city in Central Asia, with a population of more than 3.1 million people as of July 1, 2025. It is located in northeastern Uzbekistan. Tashkent's history stretches back centuries as part of the ancient Silk Road, the network of trade routes that connected the Eastern world and the Western world.
World War IIGlobal conflict from 1939 to 1945BelligerentsAlliesAxisCommanders and leadersMain Allied leaders: Joseph StalinFranklin D. RooseveltWinston ChurchillChiang Kai-shekMain Axis leaders: Adolf HitlerHirohitoBenito MussoliniCasualties and losses 60–75 million deaths (military and civilian) World War II, or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945), was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers.
Turkic peoplesTurkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages. According to historians and linguists, the Proto-Turkic language originated in Central-East Asia, potentially in the Altai-Sayan region, Mongolia or Tuva. Initially, Proto-Turkic speakers were potentially both hunter-gatherers and farmers; they later became nomadic pastoralists.
Şymkent International AirportSource: AIP KazakhstanŞymkent International Airport (Kazakh: Халықаралық Шымкент әуежайы, romanized: Halyqaralyq Şymkent äuejaiy) (IATA: CIT, ICAO: UAII) is an international airport serving Shymkent, Kazakhstan. It has two passenger terminals and one runway. It serves as the main hub for SCAT Airlines, handling a large part of the airline's flights.
Silk RoadThe Great Silk Road was a network of Asiantrade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century. Spanning over 6,400 km (4,000 mi) on land, it played a central role in facilitating economic, cultural, political, and religious interactions between the Eastern and Western worlds.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.