List of monarchs of IranThe monarchs of Iran ruled for over two and a half millennia, beginning as early as the 8th century BC and enduring until the 20th century AD. The earliest Iranian monarch is generally considered to have been either Deioces of the Median dynasty (c. 727–550 BC) or Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty (550–330 BC). The last Iranian monarch was Mohammad Reza Shah of the Pahlavi dynasty (1925–1979), who was overthrown in the Iranian Revolution.
Ottoman EmpireThe Ottoman Empire, also known historically as Turkey or the Turkish Empire, was a state that spanned much of Southeastern Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th century to the early 20th century, centred in modern-day Turkey. It also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
Mughal Empire1526–1857 empire in South AsiaToday part ofIndiaPakistanBangladeshAfghanistanThe Mughal Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia. At its peak, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus River Basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the northwest, and Kashmir in the north, to the highlands of present-day Assam and Bangladesh in the east, and the uplands of the Deccan Plateau in South India.
Maratha Empire1674–1818 empire in the Indian subcontinentToday part ofIndiaPakistanThe Maratha Empire, also referred to as the Maratha Confederacy, was an early modernpolity in the Indian subcontinent. For most of its existence, it comprised the realms of the Peshwa and four major independent Maratha states under the nominal leadership of the former and nominal loyalty to the Chhatrapatis who were successors of Shivaji.
Bengal Sultanate1352–1576 kingdom in BengalToday part ofBangladeshIndiaMyanmarNepalThe Bengal Sultanate (Middle Bengali: শাহী বাঙ্গালা, romanization: Śāhī Bāṅgālā, lit. 'Royal/Imperial Bengal') was a late medievalsultanate based in the Bengal region in eastern South Asia between the 14th and 16th centuries. It was the dominant power of the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta, with a network of mint towns spread across the region.
Persianate societyA Persianate society is a society that is based on or strongly influenced by the Persian language, culture, literature, art or identity. The term is a neologism credited to Marshall Hodgson. In his 1974 book, The Venture of Islam: The expansion of Islam in the Middle Periods, he defined it thus: The rise of Persian had more than purely literary consequences: it served to carry a new overall cultural orientation within Islamdom....
Persian languageWestern Iranian languageThis article contains Persian text. Without proper , you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.Persian, also known as Farsi, is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.
History of AfghanistanMedieval Modern Related historical regions Arachosia Aria Ariana Bactria Gandhara Iran Kabulistan Kafiristan Khorasan Kushanshahr Paropamisadae Sistan Zabulistan Related topics Political history Political violence Culture Economic history Name Afghan (ethnonym) List of years List of heads of state Wars List of wars Hinduism history Hindu and Buddhist heritage Jewish history Muslim conquests Category Afghanistan portalvte Present-day location of Afghanistan in Asia The history of Afghanistan covers the development of Afghanistan from ancient times to the establishment of the Emirate of Afghanistan in 1822 and Afghanistan in modern times.
Islamic worldMuslim-majority countries, states, districts, or towns
Khanate of BukharaThe Khanate of Bukhara was an Uzbekmonarchy in Central Asia from 1501 to 1785, founded by the Shaybanid dynasty, a branch of the Abu'l-Khayrids. Muhammad Shaybani, grandson of the steppe ruler Abu'l Khayr Khan, conquered the major cities of Mawarannahr (Transoxiana) – Balkh, Bukhara, Samarkand, and Tashkent – and established his rule in the region.
GurkhaThe Gurkhas or Gorkhas (), with the endonymGorkhali (Nepali: गोर्खाली ), are soldiers native to South Asia, chiefly residing within Nepal and some parts of North India. The Gurkha units consist of Nepali and (in India) Indian Gorkha, Nepali-speaking Indian people.
Emirate of BukharaThe Emirate of Bukhara was an Uzbekabsolute monarchy in Central Asia that existed from 1785 to 1920 in what is now parts of Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan. It occupied the land between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers, known formerly as Transoxiana. Its core territory was the fertile land along the lower Zarafshon river, and its urban centres were the ancient cities of Samarqand and the emirate's capital, Bukhara.
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