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Scatopsidae

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The minute black scavenger flies or "dung midges", are a family, Scatopsidae, of nematoceranflies. Despite being distributed throughout the world, they form a small family with only around 250 described species in 27 genera, although many await description and doubtless even more await discovery. These are generally small, sometimes minute, dark flies (from 0.6 to 5 mm), generally similar to black flies (Simuliidae), but usually lacking the humped thorax characteristic of that family.

Scatopse notataScatopse notataScatopse notata is a species of fly in the family Scatopsidae. It is found in the Palearctic.ColobostemaColobostemaColobostema is a genus of minute black scavenger flies in the family Scatopsidae. There are at least 4 described species in Colobostema.NematoceraNematoceraThe Nematocera (+ meaning "thread-horns") are a suborder of elongated flies with thin, segmented antennae and mostly aquatic larvae. This group is paraphyletic, containing all flies except for those of the suborder Brachycera (the name meaning "short-horns"), which includes species such as the housefly or the common fruit fly. Thus, the equivalent clade to Nematocera would be the whole of Diptera, with Brachycera as a "subclade".Black flyBlack flyBlack flies or blackflies (sometimes called buffalo gnats, turkey gnats, or white socks) are flies in the family Simuliidae of the Culicomorpha infraorder. Simuliidae are related to the Ceratopogonidae, Chironomidae, and Thaumaleidae. Over 2,200 species of black flies have been formally named, of which 15 are extinct. They are divided into two subfamilies: Parasimuliinae contains only one genus and four species; Simuliinae contains all the rest.FlyFlyA fly (pl. flies) is an insect of the orderDiptera (from Ancient Greekδι- di-'two' and πτερόν pteron'wing'), named for the single pair of wings. The hindwings have evolved into halteres, organs that sense rotation, giving flies precise control of their flight. Diptera is a large order containing more than 150,000 species, including horse-flies, crane flies, hoverflies, mosquitoes and others.EctaetiaEctaetia is a small genus of minute black scavenger flies (the family Scatopsidae). Known species are found in the Nearctic, Palearctic, Oriental, and Neotropical biogeographic realms. Adults of Ectaetia species are generally shiny and black, up to 7 mm long.LarvaLarvaA larva (; pl.: larvae) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into their next life stage. Animals with indirect development such as insects, some arachnids, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. A larva's appearance is generally very different from the adult form (e.g.caterpillars and butterflies) including different unique structures and organs that do not occur in the adult form.Cosmopolitan distributionCosmopolitan distributionIn biogeography, a cosmopolitan distribution is the range of a taxon that extends across most or all of the surface of the Earth, in appropriate habitats; most cosmopolitan species are known to be highly adaptable to a range of climatic and environmental conditions, though this is not always so.FossilFossilA fossil (from Classical Latin, lit.'obtained by digging') is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the fossil record.Terrestrial animalTerrestrial animalTerrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land (e.g., cats, chickens, ants, most spiders), as compared with aquatic animals (e.g., fish, whales, octopuses, lobsters, etc.), who live predominantly or entirely in bodies of water; and semiaquatic animals (e.g., crocodilians, seals, platypus and most amphibians), who inhabit coastal, riparian or wetland areas and rely on both aquatic and terrestrial habitats.AmberAmberFossilized tree resinAn ant inside Baltic amberUnpolished amber stonesAmber is fossilizedtreeresin. It has been appreciated for its color (orange, brown and, sometimes, red) and natural beauty since the Neolithic times, and worked as a gemstone since classical antiquity. Amber is used in jewelry and as a healing agent in folk medicine. There are five classes of amber, defined on the basis of their chemical constituents.CretaceousCretaceousThird and last period of the Mesozoic EraSubdivision of the Cretaceous according to the ICS, as of 2024.Vertical axis scale: Millions of years agoEtymologyName formalityFormalUsage informationCelestial bodyEarthRegional usageGlobal (ICS)Time scale(s) usedICS Time ScaleDefinitionChronological unitPeriodStratigraphic unitSystemTime span formalityFormalLower boundary definitionNot formally definedLower boundary definition candidatesMagnetic—base of Chron M18rBase of Calpionellid zone BFAD of AmmoniteBerriasella jacobiLower boundary GSSP candidate section(s)NoneUpper boundary definitionIridium-enriched layer associated with a major meteorite impact and subsequent K-Pg extinction eventUpper boundary GSSPEl Kef Section, El Kef, Tunisia36°09′13″N8°38′55″E / 36.1537°N 8.6486°E / 36.1537; 8.6486Upper GSSP ratified1991The Cretaceous (IPA: ) is a geological period that lasted from about 143.1 to 66 Ma (million years ago).ThoraxThoraxThe thorax (pl.: thoraces or thoraxes) or chest is a part of the anatomy of mammals and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen. In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions of the body, each in turn composed of multiple segments. The human thorax includes the thoracic cavity and the thoracic wall.

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