Tyrsenian languagesTyrsenian (also Tyrrhenian or Common Tyrrhenic) is a language family of closely related extinct ancient languages, proposed by linguist Helmut Rix in 1998, that has gained acceptance in scholarship. It is named after the Tyrrhenians (Ancient Greek, Ionic: ΤυρσηνοίTyrsenoi), an exonym used by the ancient Greeks to refer to the Etruscans.
Etruscan languageEtruscan ( ih-TRUSK-ən) was the language of the Etruscan civilization in the ancient region of Etruria, in Etruria Padana and Etruria Campana in what is now Italy. Etruscan influenced Latin but was eventually superseded by it. Around 13,000 Etruscan inscriptions have been found so far, only a small minority of which are of significant length; some bilingual inscriptions with texts also in Latin, Greek, or Phoenician; and a few dozen purported loanwords.
Old Italic scriptsThe Old Italic scripts are a family of ancient writing systems used in the Italian Peninsula between about 700 and 100 BC, for various languages spoken in that time and place. The most notable member is the Etruscan alphabet, which was the immediate ancestor of the Latin alphabet used by more than 100 languages today, including English. The runic alphabets used in Northern Europe are believed to have been separately derived from one of these alphabets by the 2nd century AD.Helmut RixHelmut Rix (4 July 1926, in Amberg – 3 December 2004, in Colmar) was a German linguist and professor of the Sprachwissenschaftliches Seminar of Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg, Germany. He is best known for his research into Indo-European and Etruscan languages, as well as for being the author of the hypothesis of Tyrrhenian languages. BiographyHelmut Rix was born in 1926 in Amberg to a family of teachers.
Carlo De Simone (linguist)Carlo De Simone (22 November 1932 – 14 September 2023) was an Italian linguist, specialising in Ancient Greek and Latin texts and Etruscan epigraphs. He is best known for his research into Etruscan, Lemnian and Rhaetian languages. BiographyDe Simone studied comparative linguistics and archaeology at the University of Rome, where he was awarded a prize in 1955 with a thesis on the subject: "Le iscrizioni messapiche: cronologia e fonetismo".
Howard Hayes ScullardBritish historian (1903–1983) Howard Hayes Scullard FBA FSA (9 February 1903 – 31 March 1983) was a British historian specialising in ancient history, notable for editing the Oxford Classical Dictionary and for his many published works. Life and career Scullard's father was Herbert Hayes Scullard, a minister, and his mother Barbara Louisa Dodds. Born in Bedford, England, his early education was at Highgate School, followed by St John's College, Cambridge.Robert S. P. BeekesRobert Stephen Paul Beekes (Dutch: [ˈbeːkəs]; 2 September 1937 – 21 September 2017) was a Dutch linguist who was emeritus professor of Comparative Indo-European Linguistics at Leiden University and an author of many monographs on the Proto-Indo-European language.
Romance languagesThe Romance languages, also known as the Latin languages, are the languages that directly descended from Vulgar Latin. They are the only extant subgroup of the Italic branch of the Indo-European language family. The most prominent Romance languages include Spanish, French, Portuguese, Italian, Romanian and Catalan. The Romance languages spread throughout the world owing to the period of European colonialism beginning in the 15th century.
SloveniaCountry in Central EuropeSlovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia, is a country in Central Europe. It borders Italy to its west, Austria to its north, Hungary to its northeast, and Croatia to its south and southeast; its southwestern boundary consists of a 46.6-kilometre (29.0 mi) coastline on the Adriatic Sea. The country is mostly mountainous and forested, covering 20,271 square kilometres (7,827 sq mi). Its population is approximately 2.1 million people.Rhaeto-Romance languagesRhaeto-Romance, Rheto-Romance, or Rhaetian, is a purported subfamily of the Romance languages that is spoken in south-eastern Switzerland and north-eastern Italy. The name "Rhaeto-Romance" refers to the former Roman province of Raetia. The question of whether these languages actually form a subfamily is called the Questione Ladina. The Italian linguist Graziadio Ascoli, writing in 1873, found them to share a number of intricacies and believed they formed a linguistic group.
RaetiaToday part ofAustriaSwitzerlandGermanyLiechtensteinItalyRaetia or Rhaetia ( , Latin:) was a province of the Roman Empire named after the Rhaetian people. It bordered on the west with the country of the Helvetii, on the east with Noricum, on the north with Vindelicia, on the south-west with Transalpine Gaul and on the south with Venetia et Histria, a region of Roman Italy.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.