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Raphidophyte

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The raphidophytes, previously known as chloromonads, are a small but widespread group of single-celled eukaryoticalgae, found in both marine and freshwater environments. They are taxonomically known as class Raphidophyceae and order Chattonellales. CharacteristicsAll raphidophytes are unicellular, with large cells (50 to 100 μm), but no cell walls. Raphidophytes possess a pair of flagella, organised such that both originate from the same invagination (or gullet).

FlagellumFlagellumA flagellum (; pl.: flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hair-like appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungalspores (zoospores), and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many protists with flagella are known as flagellates.GonyostomumGonyostomumGonyostomum is a genus of freshwater algae in the class Raphidophyceae. They include the species Gonyostomum semen, which causes nuisance algal blooms.FibrocapsaFibrocapsaFibrocapsa is a genus of algae belonging to the family Fibrocapsaceae. It is monotypic, containing only the species Fibrocapsa japonica. It belongs to the monotypic family Fibrocapsaceae.ChattonellaChattonella is a genus of the marine class raphidophytes associated with red tides and can be found in the phylum Heterokontophyta in stramenopiles. These unicellular flagellates are found in brackish ecosystems. The genus Chattonella is composed of five species: C. subsalsa, C. antiqua, C. marina, C. minima, and C. ovata.MicrometreMicrometreThe micrometre (micrometer in US spelling; symbol: μm) is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) equalling 10 metre (SI standard prefix "micro-" = 10); that is, one millionth of a metre (or one thousandth of a millimetre, 0.001 mm, or about 0.00004inch). It is also known as the micron.Fresh waterFresh waterFresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. The term excludes seawater and brackish water, but it does include non-salty mineral-rich waters, such as chalybeate springs.EukaryoteEukaryoteDomain of life whose cells have nucleiThe eukaryotes () are cellularorganisms of the domainEukaryota or Eukarya, which have a distinct cell nucleus (formed by a nuclear membrane), membrane-bound organelles and organization supported by a cytoskeleton. Extant eukaryotes are traditionally grouped into four kingdoms: animals, plants, fungi and protists.AlgaeAlgaeDiverse group of photosynthetic organisms"Alga" redirects here. For other uses, see Alga (other).Algae ( , UK also ; sing.: alga ) are any of a large and diverse group of photosynthetic organisms. It excludes the land plants (embryophytes). Such organisms range from microscopic unicellular microalgae (including cyanobacteria and phytoplankton) to seaweeds, multicellular macroalgae which may grow up to 50 metres (160 ft) in length.OceanOceanThe ocean is the body of salt water that covers approximately 70.8% of Earth. The ocean is conventionally divided into large bodies of water, which are also referred to as oceans (in descending order by area: the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Antarctic/Southern Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean), and are themselves mostly divided into seas, gulfs and subsequent bodies of water.Cell wallCell wallA cell wall is a structural layer that surrounds some cell types, found immediately outside the cell membrane. It can be tough, flexible, and sometimes rigid. Primarily, it provides the cell with structural support, shape, protection, and functions as a selective barrier. Another vital role of the cell wall is to help the cell withstand osmotic pressure and mechanical stress. Cell walls are found in most prokaryotes, with the exception of mollicute bacteria.Heterosigma akashiwoHeterosigma akashiwoHeterosigma akashiwo is a species of microscopic algae of the class Raphidophyceae. It is a swimming marine alga that episodically forms toxic surface aggregations known as harmful algal bloom. The species name akashiwo is from the Japanese for "red tide". Synonyms include Olisthodiscus carterae (Hulburt 1965), and Entomosigma akashiwo (Hada 1967). H. akashiwo and H. inlandica have been recognized as two species of Heterosigma.Unicellular organismUnicellular organismUnicellular organisms, also known as a single-celled organism, is an organism that consists of a single cell, unlike a multicellular organism that consists of multiple cells. Organisms fall into two general categories: prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms. Most prokaryotes are unicellular and are classified into bacteria and archaea. Many eukaryotes are multicellular, but some are unicellular such as protozoa, unicellular algae, and unicellular fungi.

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