Aqueduct (water supply)An aqueduct is a watercourse constructed to carry water from a source to a distribution point far away. In modern engineering, the term aqueduct is used for any system of pipes, ditches, canals, tunnels, and other structures used for this purpose. The term aqueduct also often refers specifically to a bridge carrying an artificial watercourse. Aqueducts were used in ancient Greece, the ancient Near East, ancient Rome, ancient Aztec, and ancient Inca.
Water supply networkA water supply network or water supply system is a system of engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components that provide water supply. A water supply system typically includes the following: A drainage basin (see water purification – sources of drinking water)A raw water collection point (above or below ground) where the water accumulates, such as a lake, a river, or groundwater from an underground aquifer.
WellExcavation or structure to provide access to groundwaterA dug well in a village in Faryab Province, AfghanistanThe difference between a well and a cistern is in the source of the water: a cistern collects rainwater whereas a well draws from groundwater.A well is an excavation or structure created on the earth by digging, driving, or drilling to access liquid resources, usually water.
North AfricaThis article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages) This article includes a list of general references but lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (July 2026) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article needs more citations.
AquiferAn aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing material consisting of permeable or fractured rock, or of unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand, or silt). Aquifers vary greatly in their characteristics. The study of water flow in aquifers and the characterization of aquifers is called hydrogeology.
Persian languageWestern Iranian languageThis article contains Persian text. Without proper , you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.Persian, also known as Farsi, is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.
AfghanistanCountry in Central and South AsiaAfghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and South Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan to the east and south, Iran to the west, Turkmenistan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, Tajikistan to the northeast, and China to the northeast and east.
AsiaContinentAsia ( , UK also ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilisations. Its 4.7 billion people constitute roughly 60% of the world's population.
AlgeriaCountry in North AfricaFlagEmblemMotto: بِالشَّعْبِ و لِلشَّعْبِBi-sh-shaʿb wa li-sh-shaʿb"By the people and for the people"Anthem: قَسَمًاQasaman"We Pledge"Capitaland largest cityAlgiers36°42′N3°13′E / 36.700°N 3.217°E / 36.700; 3.217Official languagesArabicTamazightNational vernacularAlgerian ArabicTamazightForeign languagesFrenchEnglishEthnic groupsSee Ethnic groupsReligion (2012)99% Sunni Islam (official)<1% othersDemonymAlgerianGovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic• PresidentAbdelmadjid Tebboune• Prime MinisterSifi Ghrieb• Council PresidentAzouz Nasri• Assembly PresidentKhalida BoufedecheLegislatureParliament• Upper houseCouncil of the Nation• Lower housePeople's National AssemblyFormation• Numidia202 BC• Kingdom of Mauretania25 BC• Mauro-Roman Kingdom & Kingdom of the Aurès429• Kingdom of Altava578• Rustamid dynasty777• Zirid dynasty972• Hammadid Emirate1014• Almohad dynasty1121• Zayyanid dynasty1235• Regency of Algiers1515• French Conquest of Algeria and the Algerian popular resistance5 July 1830• Emirate of Abdelkader1832• Algerian War of Independence and the Provisional Government1 November 1954 – 19 March 1962• Independence5 July 1962Area • Total2,381,741 km (919,595 sq mi) (10th)Population• 2025 estimate 47,400,000 (32nd)• Density19/km (49.2/sq mi) (206th)GDP (PPP)2026 estimate• Total $941.544 billion (39th)• Per capita $19,677 (100th)GDP (nominal)2026 estimate• Total $317.173 billion (49th)• Per capita $6,628 (111th)Gini (2011)27.6low inequalityHDI (2023) 0.763high (96th)CurrencyAlgerian dinar (DZD)Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)Calling code+213ISO 3166 codeDZInternet TLD.dz.الجزائرAlgeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa.
IranIran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and historically known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the northeast, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, and the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. With a population of over 92 million, Iran ranks 17th globally in both geographic size and population.
PakistanYou may need to display the Urdu text in this article correctly.
History of IranThe history of Iran (also known as Persia) is intertwined with Greater Iran, a region encompassing all areas that have witnessed significant settlement or influence by the Iranian peoples and Iranian languages — chiefly the Persians and the Persian language. Central to this region is the Iranian plateau, now covered by modern Iran.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.