Gallic acidNames Preferred IUPAC name3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acidOther names Gallic acidIdentifiers CAS Number149-91-75995-86-8 (monohydrate)3D model (JSmol)Interactive imageChEBICHEBI:30778ChEMBLChEMBL288114ChemSpider361ECHA InfoCard100.005.228EC Number205-749-9IUPHAR/BPS5549KEGGC01424PubChemCID370RTECS numberLW7525000UNII632XD903SP48339473OT (monohydrate)CompTox Dashboard(EPA)DTXSID0020650InChIInChI=1S/C7H6O5/c8-4-1-3(7(11)12)2-5(9)6(4)10/h1-2,8-10H,(H,11,12)Key: LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-NInChI=1/C7H6O5/c8-4-1-3(7(11)12)2-5(9)6(4)10/h1-2,8-10H,(H,11,12)Key: LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYANSMILESO=C(O)c1cc(O)c(O)c(O)c1Properties Chemical formulaC7H6O5Molar mass170.12 g/mol Appearance White, yellowish-white, orpale fawn-colored crystals.
Photographic developerIn the processing of photographic films, plates and papers, a developer is a chemical solution that converts the latent image to a visible image. This may be a negative image, with the emulsion darkened by light, requiring a further imaging process to produce a print where highlights and shadows are not reversed, or a positive image which can be viewed or projected.
OxygenOxygen is a chemical element; it has the symbol O and its atomic number is 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group in the periodic table. It is highly reactive, a nonmetal, and a potent oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds. Oxygen is the most abundant element in Earth's crust, making up almost half of the Earth's crust in the form of various oxides such as water, carbon dioxide, iron oxides, and silicates.
TanninTannins (or tannoids) are a class of astringent, polyphenolicbiomolecules that bind to and precipitateproteins and various other organic compounds including amino acids and alkaloids. The term tannin is widely applied to any large polyphenolic compound containing sufficient hydroxyls and other suitable groups (such as carboxyls) to form strong compounds with various macromolecules.
Potassium hydroxidePotassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH, and is commonly called caustic potash. Along with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), KOH is a prototypical strong base. It has many industrial and niche applications, most of which utilize its caustic nature and its reactivity toward acids. About 2.5 million tonnes were produced in 2023. KOH is noteworthy as the precursor to most soft and liquid soaps, as well as numerous potassium-containing chemicals.
Sulfonic acidIn organic chemistry, sulfonic acid (or sulphonic acid) refers to a member of the class of organosulfur compounds with the general formula R−S(=O)2−OH, where R is an organic alkyl or aryl group and the S(=O)2(OH) group a sulfonyl hydroxide. A sulfonic acid can be thought of as sulfuric acid with one hydroxyl group replaced by an organic substituent.
HydroquinoneHydroquinone, also known as benzene-1,4-diol or quinol, is an aromatic organic compound that is a type of phenol, a derivative of benzene, having the chemical formula C6H4(OH)2. It has two hydroxyl groups bonded to a benzene ring in a para position. It is a white granular solid. Substituted derivatives of this parent compound are also referred to as hydroquinones. The name "hydroquinone" was coined by Friedrich Wöhler in 1843.
Carl Wilhelm ScheeleCarl Wilhelm Scheele (German: [ˈʃeːlə], Swedish: [ˈɧêːlɛ]; 9 December 1742 – 21 May 1786) was a German-Swedish pharmaceutical chemist. Scheele discovered oxygen (although Joseph Priestley published his findings first), and identified the elements molybdenum, tungsten, barium, nitrogen, and chlorine, among others. Scheele discovered organic acids tartaric, oxalic, uric, lactic, and citric, as well as hydrofluoric, hydrocyanic, and arsenic acids.
IsomerIn chemistry, isomers are molecules or polyatomic ions with an identical molecular formula – that is, the same number of atoms of each element – but distinct arrangements of atoms in space. Isomerism refers to the existence or possibility of isomers. Isomers do not necessarily share similar chemical or physical properties.
AntisepticAn antiseptic (Greek: ἀντί, romanized: anti, lit.'against' and σηπτικός, sēptikos, 'putrefactive') is an antimicrobial substance or compound that is applied to living tissue to reduce the possibility of sepsis, infection, or putrefaction. Antiseptics are generally distinguished from antibiotics by the latter's ability to safely destroy bacteria within the body, and from disinfectants, which destroy microorganisms found on non-living objects.
Organic compoundOrganic compounds are a subclass of chemical compounds of carbon. Little consensus exists among chemists on the exact definition of organic compound; the only universally accepted definition is the quasi-tautological "organic compounds are the subject matter of organic chemistry". Generally, any large chemical compound containing a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond is accepted as an organic compound.
TrihydroxybenzenesThe trihydroxybenzenes (or benzenetriols) are organic compounds with the formula C6H3(OH)3. Also classified as polyphenols, they feature three hydroxyl groups substituted onto a benzene ring. They are white solids with modest solubility in water. In biochemistryThe enzyme pyrogallol hydroxytransferase transforms benzene-1,2,3-triol (pyrogallol) into benzene-1,3,5-triol (phloroglucinol) and vice versa.
Orsat gas analyserAn Orsat gas analyser or Orsat apparatus is a piece of laboratory equipment used to analyse a gas sample (typically fossil fuelflue gas) for its oxygen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide content. Although largely replaced by instrumental techniques, the Orsat remains a reliable method of measurement and is relatively simple to use. The apparatus was invented by Louis Orsat who reported it in the Annales des Mines in 1875.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.