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Proserpina

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Proserpina ( ; Latin:) or Proserpine ( ) is an ancient Roman goddess whose iconography, functions and myths are virtually identical to those of the Greek Persephone. Proserpina replaced or was combined with the ancient Roman fertility goddess Libera, whose principal cult was housed in a temple atop Rome's Aventine Hill, which she shared with the grain-goddess Ceres and the wine god Liber (Liber Pater).

LiberLiberIn ancient Roman religion and mythology, Liber ( , Latin:; "the free one"), also known as Liber Pater ("the free Father"), was a god of viticulture and wine, male fertility and freedom. He was a patron deity of Rome's plebeians and was part of their Aventine Triad. His festival of Liberalia (March 17) became associated with free speech and the rights attached to coming of age.PersephonePersephoneGreek goddess of spring and the queen of the underworld PersephoneQueen of the UnderworldGoddess of the dead, grain, and spring Persephone bearing torches on the Ninnion Tablet, a votive offering from Eleusis c. 450 BC, National Archaeological Museum of GreeceOther namesKoreAbodeThe underworldSymbolPomegranate, seeds of grain, flaming torch and FlailGenealogyParentsZeus and DemeterSpouseHadesEquivalentsRomanProserpina Part of a series onAncient Greek religion Origins Minoan religion Mycenaean deities Mycenaean religion Sacred placesSacred islands Delos Ithaca Naxos Kythira Samothrace Crete Lemnos Sacred mountains Mount Lykaion Mount Ida (Turkey) Mount Ida (Crete) Mount Olympus Mount Kyllini Mount Othrys Sanctuaries Aornum Delphi Didyma Dion Dodona Eleusis Olympia Other Cave of Zeus Troy Deities Twelve Olympians Aphrodite Apollo Ares Artemis Athena Demeter Dionysus Hephaestus Hera Hermes Hestia Poseidon Zeus Other deities Alpheus Amphitrite Asclepius Boreas Circe Cybele Deimos Eileithyia Enyo Eos Erinyes Eris Eros Gaia Hades Harmonia Hebe Hecate Helios Heracles Iacchus Iris Leto Maia Metis Nemesis Nereus Nike Nyx Pan Persephone Phobos Priapus Proteus Rhea Scamander Selene Thanatos Themis Thetis Triton Zephyrus ConceptsWorldview Greek mythology Underworld and afterlife Miasma Daimon Ages of Man, Golden Age, Heroic Age Divine and reality Apeiron Monism Polytheism Pantheism Form of the Good Theory of forms Mind Anamnesis Ataraxia Apatheia Episteme Epoche Eudaimonia Katalepsis Logos Nous Phronesis Soul Anima mundi Metempsychosis Henosis Plato's theory of soul Ethics Agape Arete Asebeia Eusebeia Hubris Xenia Ethic of Reciprocity Delphic maxims Adiaphora Kathekon Oikeiosis Mysteries Eleusinian Mysteries Orphism Dionysian Mysteries PracticesWorship Agalma Dithyramb Paean Orgion Hiera Orgas Hero Cult Oracle and Pythia Sacrifices and offerings Holokaustos Libation Votive offering Animal Sacrifice Temples and holy sites Temple Temenos Priesthood and religious service Hiereia Meditation and charity Eusebeia Meditation Euergetism Rites of passage Amphidromia Marriage Funeral Rites Festivals Thesmophoria Dionysia Daphnephoria Anthesteria Arrephoria Kronia Genesia Elaphebolia Pyanopsia Khalkeia Haloa Halieia Thargelia Monthly festivals Noumenia Religious games Panathenaia Herakleia Panhellenic Games Olympic Games Nemean Games Pythian Games Isthmian Games Philosophy Schools Pythagoreanism Neopythagoreanism Platonism Middle Platonism Neoplatonism Philosophers Pherecydes of Syros Pythagoras Xenophanes Parmenides Empedocles Socrates Plato Aratus Plutarch Plotinus Iamblichus Texts Argonautica Bibliotheca Catasterismi Corpus Hermeticum Delphic maxims Derveni papyrus Dionysiaca Epic Cycle Homeric Hymns Iliad Odyssey Orphic Hymns Theogony Works and Days Other topics Pilgrimage sites Calendar Decline of Greco-Roman polytheism Hellenistic religion Julian restoration Modern Restoration Religion portal Ancient Greece portalvte In ancient Greek mythology and religion, Persephone (/pərˈsɛfəniː/ ⓘ Ancient Greek: Περσεφόνη) is the daughter of Zeus and Demeter.Ceres (mythology)Ceres (mythology)In ancient Roman religion, Ceres ( SEER-eez, Latin: [ˈkɛreːs]) was a goddess of agriculture, grain crops, fertility, and motherly relationships. She was originally the central deity in Rome's so-called plebeian or Aventine Triad, then was paired with her daughter Proserpina in what Romans described as "the Greek rites of Ceres". Her seven-day April festival of Cerealia included the popular Ludi Ceriales (Ceres's games).DionysusDionysusAncient Greek god of winemaking and wineIn ancient Greek religion and myth, Dionysus ( ; Ancient Greek: ΔιόνυσοςDiónysos) is the god of wine-making, orchards, fruit, vegetation, fertility, festivity, insanity, ritual madness, religious ecstasy, and theatre. He was also known as Bacchus ( or ; Ancient Greek: ΒάκχοςBacchos) by the Greeks (a name later adopted by the Romans) for a frenzy he is said to induce called baccheia.Religion in ancient RomeReligion in ancient RomeReligion in ancient Rome was polytheistic, consisted of varying imperial and provincial religious practices, which were followed both by the Roman people as well as those who were brought under its rule. The Romans thought of themselves as highly religious, and attributed their success as a world power to their collective piety (pietas) in maintaining good relations with the gods. Their polytheistic religion is known for having honoured many deities.CellaCellaIn Classical architecture, a cella (Latin for 'small chamber') or naos (from Ancient Greek (naós)'temple') is the inner chamber of an ancient Greek or Roman temple. Its enclosure within walls has given rise to extended meanings: of a hermit's or monk's cell, and (since the 17th century) of a biological cell in plants or animals.GoddessGoddessA goddess is a female deity. In some faiths, a sacred female figure holds a central place in religious prayer and worship. For example, Shaktism (one of the three major Hindu sects), holds that the ultimate deity, the source of all reality, is Supreme Goddess (Mahamaya) and in some forms of Tantric Shaivism, the pair of Shiva and Shakti are the ultimate principle (with the goddess representing the active, creative power of God).Magna GraeciaMagna GraeciaHistorical region of ItalyHistorical region in Southern Italy, ItalyMagna Graecia was the historical Greek-speaking area of southern Italy. It encompassed the modern Italian regions of Calabria, Apulia, Basilicata, Campania, and Sicily. These regions were extensively settled by Greeks beginning in the 8th century BC. Initially founded by their metropoleis (mother cities), the settlements evolved into independent and powerful Greek city-states (poleis).Dii ConsentesDii ConsentesLook up in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.Second Punic WarSecond Punic WarBelligerentsRomeMassaliaSyracuse (218–215 BC)Eastern NumidiaOthersCarthageSyracuse (214–212 BC)Western NumidiaOthersCommanders and leadersScipio AfricanusFabius MaximusPublius Scipio†Many othersHannibalHasdrubal Barca†Mago Barca (DOW)Many othersThe Second Punic War (218 to 201 BC) was the second of three wars fought between Carthage and Rome, the two main powers of the western in the 3rd century BC.DemeterDemeterGreek goddess of the harvest, grains, and agricultureTwelve OlympiansTwelve OlympiansIn ancient Greek religion and mythology, the twelve Olympians are the major deities of the Greek pantheon, commonly considered to be Zeus, Poseidon, Hera, Demeter, Aphrodite, Athena, Artemis, Apollo, Ares, Hephaestus, Hermes, and either Hestia or Dionysus. They were called Olympians because, according to tradition, they resided on Mount Olympus. Besides the twelve Olympians, there were many other cultic groupings of twelve gods.ProserpinaProserpinaRelated word or term.

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