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PudgalaPudgala (or Sanskrit: पुद्गल) is a word used in Indian philosophies. In Jainism, Pudgala (matter) is one of the six dravyas, or aspects of reality that fabricate the world we live in. EtymologyPudgala is derived from the words 'pud', which is defined as Supplement (Addition /Fusion), and gala, which is defined as Disintegrate, or Division or Fission.AkāraṇavatAkāraṇavat (Sanskrit: अकारणवत्) is a concept of eternal existence mentioned in the Indian philosophical text Vaisheshika Sutra. According to the concept of akāraṇavat, the eternal is that which is existent and uncaused.PadārthaPadārtha is a Sanskrit word for "categories" in Vaisheshika and Nyaya schools of Indian philosophy.Skandha (Jainism)Skandha (Sanskrit) means "heaps, aggregates, collections, groupings". In the religion of Jainism, Skandha is a combination of Paramanus (elementary particles). In contrast to Buddhism that allows aggregates of non-matters, Jainism allows only aggregation between matter (only first type out of the five types of aggregates allowed in Buddhism).
Indian philosophyIndian philosophy consists of philosophical traditions of the Indian subcontinent. These philosophical traditions are often called darśana, meaning "to see" or "looking at." Ānvīkṣikī means “critical inquiry” or “investigation." Unlike darśana, ānvīkṣikī was used to refer to Indian philosophies by classical Indian philosophers, such as Kautilya in the Arthaśāstra.
DravyaDravya (Sanskrit: द्रव्य) means substance or entity. According to the Jain philosophy, the universe is made up of six eternal substances: sentient beings or souls (jīva), non-sentient substance or matter (pudgala), principle of motion (dharma), the principle of rest (adharma), space (ākāśa) and time (kāla). The latter five are united as the ajiva (the non-living).
Pancha BhutaPancha Bhuta (Sanskrit: पञ्चभूत; pañca bhūta), five elements, is a group of five basic elements, which, in Hinduism, is the basis of all cosmic creation. These elements are: Prithvi (Sanskrit: पृथ्वी:, Earth), Ap (Sanskrit: आपः, Water), Agni (Sanskrit: अग्नि, Fire), Vayu (Sanskrit: वायु:, Air), Akasha (Sanskrit: आकाश, Aether). In Ayurveda and Indian philosophy, the human body is made of these five elements.DvyanukaDvyanuka (Sanskrit: द्व्यणुक, Romanised: Dvyaṇuka) is the combination of two Paramāṇus of the same type mentioned in the text Vaisheshika Sutra of the Vaisheshika school of thought in the Indian philosophy. According to Vaisheshika school, Dvyanukas are formed when two Parāmaṇus of the same type come into close proximity and under the influence of specific forces.GuṇaGuṇa (Sanskrit: गुण) refers to the three fundamental tendencies or forces that constitute nature, or the matrix of material existence in Hindu philosophies. It can be translated as "quality, peculiarity, attribute, property". The concept is originally notable as a feature of Samkhya philosophy. The guṇas are now a key concept in nearly all schools of Hindu philosophy.KaṇādaKaṇāda (Sanskrit: कणाद, IAST: Kaṇāda), also known as Kaṇabhaksha, Kaṇabhuj was an ancient Indian natural scientist and philosopher who founded the Vaisheshika school of Indian philosophy that also represents the earliest Indian physics. Estimated to have lived sometime between 6th century to 2nd century BCE, little is known about his life.
PrakritiPrakriti (Sanskrit: प्रकृतिIAST: Prakṛti) is "the original or natural form or condition of anything, original or primary substance". It is a key concept in Hinduism, formulated by the Samkhya school, where it does not refer merely to matter or nature, but includes all cognitive, moral, psychological, emotional, sensorial and physical aspects of reality.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.