Bihar SharifBihar Sharif is the headquarters of Nalanda district and the fifth-largest sub-metropolitan area in the eastern Indian state of Bihar. Its name is a combination of two words: Bihar, derived from vihara (meaning monastery), also the name of the state; and Sharif (meaning noble). The city is a hub of education and trade in southern Bihar, and the economy centers around agriculture supplemented by tourism, the education sector and household manufacturing.MahaviharaMahavihara (Mahāvihāra) is the Sanskrit and Pali term for a great vihara (centre of learning or Buddhist monastery) and is used to describe a monastic complex of viharas. It is found in and around the Indian subcontinent, predominantly in present-day Bihar, Bengal and Sri Lanka. Mahaviharas of Bihar, IndiaA range of monasteries grew up in what is now the modern Indian state of Bihar.
BiharState in Eastern IndiaState in East India, IndiaBihar (Hindi: Bihār,pronounced) is a state in eastern India. It borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Bengal to the east, and Jharkhand to the south. Bihar is split by the river Ganges, which flows from west to east. It is the second largest state by population, the 12th largest by area, and the 14th largest by GDP in 2024. Bihar's official languages are Hindi and Urdu.
Gopala IGopala I (ruled 750–783 CE) was the founder of the Pala dynasty, which was based in the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent. The last morpheme of his name Pala means "protector" and was used as an ending for the names of all the Pala monarchs. Pala does not suggest or indicate any ethnic considerations of the Pala dynasty. He came to power in the later half of the eighth century in Bengal after being elected by a group of regional chieftains.
Pala EmpireEarly Indian medieval empireToday part ofIndiaBangladeshNepalPakistanThe Pāla Empire was an empire ruled by the Pala (lit. 'protector' in Prakrit and Sanskrit) dynasty, an early medieval Indian dynasty. The empire was founded with the election of Gopāla by the chiefs of Gauda in late eighth century CE.
Pithipatis of MagadhaThe Pithipatis of Magadha (also known as the Pithis) were the rulers of Magadha from the 11th to 13th century CE in what is now Bihar, India. They were centred in Bodh Gaya and Pithi refers to the diamond throne where the Buddha was said to have gained enlightenment. The Pithipati chiefs styled themselves with the title of Acarya in addition to Pīṭhīpati. Pithipati Buddhasena also termed himself as magadhādipati (ruler or lord of Magadha).
Joseph David BeglarJoseph David Beglar, or Joseph David Freedone Melik Beglar (1845–1907), was an Armenian-Indian engineer, archaeologist and photographer working in British India and reporting to the Archaeological Survey of India, known for his images of temples and religious art. He was an assistant of Alexander Cunningham.
IndiaCountry in South AsiaIndia, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the world's seventh-largest country by area and the largest by population. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is near Sri Lanka and the Maldives.
Nalanda mahaviharaBuddhist monastery and centre of learning in IndiaNalanda (IAST: Nālandā, pronounced) was a renowned Buddhistmahavihara (great monastery) in medieval Magadha (modern-day Bihar), eastern India. Widely considered to be among the greatest centres of learning in the ancient world and often referred to as "the world's first residential university", it was located near the city of Rajagriha (now Rajgir), roughly 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Pataliputra (now Patna).
Muhammad Bakhtiyar KhaljiClanKhiljiFatherBakhtiyar KhiljiReligionSunni IslamOccupationMilitary General GovernorIkhtiyār al-Dīn Muḥammad Bin Bakhtiyār Khaljī (Persian: اختیارالدین محمد بن بختیار خلجی), also known as Bakhtiyar Khalji (Bengali: বখতিয়ার খলজি, romanized: Bokhtiyar Kholjī), was a Turko-Afghan military general of the Ghurid ruler Muhammad of Ghor, who led the Muslim conquests of the eastern Indian regions of Bengal and parts of Bihar and established himself as their deputy-ruler/governor.
MagadhaMagadha (IPA: [məɡəd̪ʰaː]) was a region and kingdom in ancient India, based in the eastern Ganges Plain. It was one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas during the second urbanisation period. The region was ruled by several dynasties, which overshadowed, conquered, and incorporated the other Mahajanapadas.
BuddhistsBuddhists, also known as Bauddha, are people who adhere to Buddhism, an Indian religious and philosophical tradition founded by the Buddha in the 6th or 5th century BCE in the Indian subcontinent. Buddhist identity may be religious, cultural, or secular, encompassing ordained members of the monastic community (Saṅgha), lay practitioners, and individuals who adopt Buddhist ethical principles, meditation, or mindfulness practices without formal ritual affiliation.
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