NIN (cuneiform)The Sumerian word NIN (), later borrowed into Akkadian, was used to denote a queen or a priestess, and is often translated as "lady". Other translations include "queen", "mistress", "proprietress", and "lord". The word EREŠ, also meaning "queen" or "lady", is written using the cuneiform sign for NIN as well. Many goddesses are called NIN or EREŠ, such as NIN.GAL ("great lady"), É.NIN.GAL ("lady of the great temple"), EREŠ.KI.GAL, and NIN.TI.
NinhursagNinḫursaĝ (Sumerian: 𒀭𒎏𒄯𒊕, romanized: Ninḫarsang; NIN-ḪAR.SAG̃), sometimes transcribed Ninursag, Ninḫarsag, or Ninḫursaĝa, also known as Damgalnuna or Ninmah, was the ancient Sumerianmother goddess of the mountains, and one of the seven great deities of Sumer. She is known earliest as a nurturing or fertility goddess. She is the tutelary deity to several Sumerian leaders.
Theophoric nameA theophoric name (from Greek: , theophoros, literally "bearing/carrying a god") embeds the word equivalent of 'god' or a god's name in a person's name, reflecting something about the character of the person so named in relation to that deity. For example, names embedding Apollo, such as Apollonios or Apollodorus, existed in Greek antiquity.NinkasiNinkasi was the Mesopotamian goddess of beer and brewing. It is possible that in the first millennium BC she was known under the variant name Kurunnītu, derived from a term referring to a type of high quality beer. She was associated with both positive and negative consequences of the consumption of beer. In god lists, such as the An = Anum list and the Weidner god list, she usually appears among the courtiers of the god Enlil, alongside deities such as Ninimma and Ninmada.
É (temple)É (Cuneiform: 𒂍) is the Sumerian word or symbol for house or temple. The Sumerian term É.GAL (𒂍𒃲,"palace", literally "big house") denoted a city's main building. É.LUGAL (𒂍𒈗,"king's house") was used synonymously. In the texts of Lagash, the É.GAL is the center of the Ensi's administration of the city, and the site of the city archives.
Old Babylonian Empire2nd millennium BCE empire in Babylonia Old Babylonian Empirec.CuneiformThis article contains cuneiform script. Without proper , you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of cuneiform script.
Early Dynastic Period (Mesopotamia)Archaeological culture of MesopotamiaMan carrying a box, possibly for offerings. Metalwork, c. 2900–2600 BCE, Sumer. Metropolitan Museum of Art.The Early Dynastic Period (abbreviated ED Period or ED) is an archaeological culture in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) that is generally dated to c. 2900 – c. 2350 BC and was preceded by the Uruk and Jemdet Nasr periods. It saw the development of writing and the formation of the first cities and states.ShuruppakShuruppak, also Šuruppak (Sumerian: 𒋢𒆳𒊒𒆠 ŠuruppagKI, SU.KUR.RUki, "the healing place"), modern Tell Fara, was an ancient Sumerian city situated about 55 kilometres (35 mi) south of Nippur and 30 kilometers north of ancient Uruk on the banks of the Euphrates in Iraq's Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate. Shuruppak was dedicated to Ninlil, also called Sud, the goddess of grain and the air. The Early Dynastic IIIa period is also sometimes called the Fara period.
LagashLagash (; cuneiform: 𒉢𒁓𒆷𒆠LAGAŠ; Sumerian: Lagaš) was an ancient city-state located northwest of the junction of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers and east of Uruk, about 22 kilometres (14 mi) east of the modern town of Al-Shatrah, Iraq. Lagash (modern Al-Hiba in Dhi Qar Governorate) was one of the oldest cities of the Ancient Near East, and the Lagash state incorporated the cities of Lagash, Girsu, and Nina.
Sumerian languageSumerian was the language of ancient Sumer. It is the oldest attested language, dating back to at least 3100 BC, perhaps earlier. It is a local language isolate, thus unrelated to any other known language, that was spoken exclusively in ancient Mesopotamia, in the area that is now modern-day Iraq. Sumerian is read from left to right, from the top; however early inscriptions were read top to bottom from the right.
List of Mesopotamian deitiesAkkadian cylinder seal dating to c. 2300 BC, depicting the deities Inanna, Utu, Enki, and IsimudMap showing the extent of Mesopotamia and its major cities relative to modern landmarksDeities in ancient Mesopotamia were almost exclusively anthropomorphic. They were thought to possess extraordinary powers and were often envisioned as being of tremendous physical size.
Third Dynasty of UrThe Third Dynasty of Ur or Ur III was a Mesopotamian dynasty based in the city of Ur in the 21st century BC (middle chronology). For a short period they were the preeminent power in Mesopotamia and their realm is sometimes referred to by historians as the Neo-Sumerian Empire. The Third Dynasty of Ur is commonly abbreviated as "Ur III" by historians studying the period.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.