HejazThe Hejaz or Hijaz is a historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes the majority of the western region of Saudi Arabia, covering the cities of Mecca, Medina, Jeddah, Tabuk, Yanbu, Taif and Al-Bahah. It is thus known as the "Western Province", and it is bordered in the west by the Red Sea, in the north by Jordan and the Gulf of Aqaba, in the east by the Najd, and in the south by South Arabia.
HimyarHimyar was a South Arabian kingdom whose original heartland lay in the southern highlands of present-day Yemen. From this core, Himyar expanded at the expense of the other South Arabian kingdoms and, by the late third century CE, had established its supremacy over most of South Arabia, its rulers subsequently extended their authority into parts of the Arabian interior.
NajdNajd is a historical region of the Arabian Peninsula that includes most of the central region of Saudi Arabia. It is roughly bounded by the Hejaz region to the west, the Nafud desert in al-Jawf to the north, the ad-Dahna Desert in al-Ahsa to the east, and the Rub' al-Khali to the south, though it lacks precise boundaries due to varying geographical and political limits throughout history. Administratively, Najd is divided into three main provinces.
Arabia in late antiquityArabia in late antiquity refers to the history of the Arabian Peninsula and its northern desert frontiers between roughly the third and seventh centuries CE. During this period, Arabia stood between the Roman or Byzantine, Sasanian, and Aksumite empires, while also containing independent kingdoms, oasis communities, nomadic and semi-nomadic groups, and long-distance commercial and religious networks.
GhassanidsChristian Arab tribe The Ghassanids, also known as the Jafnids, were an Arab Christian kingdom. A confederation of Arab tribes based in the Levant, Genealogies trace their ancestry back to the Azd tribe of Arabia. They became clients of the Roman Empire, serving as foederati responsible for defending the eastern frontier of the empire against Bedouin raids and rival powers.
Banu Tha'labahBanu Tha'labah was a tribe during the Islamic prophet Muhammad's era. They were involved in many military conflicts with Muhammad. Origin and etymologyThe Banu Tha'labah, who were Ghatafanis, were adherents of Christianity who fought Muhammad. They were descended from Tha'labah ibn Dhubyān ibn Baghīd ibn Rayth ibn Ghaṭafān ibn Saʾd ibn Qays (ibn?) ʿAylān ibn Mudar ibn Nizar ibn Ma'ad ibn Adnan.
TihamahTihamah is the Red Seacoastal plain of the Arabian Peninsula from the Gulf of Aqaba to the Bab el Mandeb. EtymologyTihāmat is the Proto-Semitic language's term for 'sea'. Tiamat was the ancient Mesopotamian god of the sea and of chaos. The word appears in masculine form in the HebrewBible as təhōm (Genesis 1:2), meaning "primordial ocean, abyss".
Nizar ibn Ma'addNizar ibn Ma'add ibn Adnan (Arabic: نزار بن معد بن عدنان) was the common ancestor of most of the northern Arab tribes (the Adnanites), according to the Arab genealogical tradition. As a result, the term 'Nizar', or Nizariyya (نزارية), has been used as a loosely defined name for a group of tribes, most commonly the Rabi'a and Mudar tribes, but occasionally extended to include others.
Byzantine EmpireThe Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Eastern part of the Roman Empire centred on Constantinople during late antiquity and the Middle Ages. Having survived the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, it endured until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. The term 'Byzantine Empire' was coined only after its demise; its citizens used the term 'Roman Empire' and called themselves 'Romans'.
SalihidsToday part ofSyriaJordanSaudi Arabia
MeccaHoliest city in Islam and capital of Mecca Province, Saudi ArabiaCity in Mecca Province, Saudi ArabiaMecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is a city in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia and is the capital of Mecca Province. Mecca is considered the birthplace of Islam and the Islamic prophetMuhammad, as well as being the holiest city in Islam. It is located 70 km (43 mi) inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea in a narrow valley 277 m (909 ft) above sea level.
Romanization of ArabicThe romanization of Arabic is the systematic rendering of written and spokenArabic in the Latin script. Romanized Arabic is used for various purposes, among them transcription of names and titles, cataloging Arabic language works, language education when used instead of or alongside the Arabic script, and representation of the language in scientific publications by linguists.Rabi'a ibn NizarRabīʿa ibn Nizar (Arabic: ربيعة بن نزار) is the patriarch of one of two main branches of the "North Arabian" (Adnanite) tribes, the other branch being founded by Mudhar.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.