Study heterogeneityIn statistics, (between-) study heterogeneity is a phenomenon that commonly occurs when attempting to undertake a meta-analysis. In a simplistic scenario, studies whose results are to be combined in the meta-analysis would all be undertaken in the same way and to the same experimental protocols. Differences between outcomes would only be due to measurement error (and studies would hence be homogeneous).Effect sizeIn statistics, an effect size is a quantitative measure of the magnitude and often direction of a phenomenon. It can refer to the value of a statistic calculated from a sample of data, the value of one parameter for a hypothetical population, or the equation that operationalizes how statistics or parameters lead to the effect size value.
PsychotherapyClinically applied psychology for desired behavior changeMedical interventionPsychotherapy (also psychological therapy, talk therapy, or talking therapy) is the use of psychological methods, particularly when based on regular personal interaction, to help a person change behavior, increase happiness, and overcome problems.
Gene V. GlassGene V Glass (born June 19, 1940) is an American statistician and researcher working in educational psychology and the social sciences. According to the science writer Morton Hunt, he coined the term "meta-analysis" and illustrated its first use in his presidential address to the American Educational Research Association in San Francisco in April, 1976.Mary Lee SmithMary Lee Smith is an American researcher and academic, whose work spanned across fields from psychology, to research methodology, to education reform. She is a Regents' Professor Emeritus of education policy and measurement, statistics, and research methodology at Arizona State University. Smith, along with Gene Glass, were known for their pioneering work in using meta-analyses for reporting research outcomes.Statistical alchemyStatistical alchemy was a term originated by John Maynard Keynes to describe econometrics in 1939. The phrase has subsequently been used by Alvan Feinstein to describe meta-analysis. It is generally regarded as a deprecatory term which undermines attempts to present such activities as meeting the rigorous standards of science.Boolean expressionIn computer science, a Boolean expression (also known as logical expression) is an expression used in programming languages that produces a Boolean value when evaluated. A Boolean value is either true or false. A Boolean expression may be composed of a combination of the Boolean constants True/False or Yes/No, Boolean-typed variables, Boolean-valued operators, and Boolean-valued functions.
PubMedOnline biomedical database PubMedContactResearch centerUnited States National Library of Medicine (NLM)Release dateJanuary 1996; 30 years ago (1996-01)AccessWebsitepubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov PubMed is an openly accessible, free database which primarily includes the MEDLINE database of references and abstracts on life sciences and biomedical topics.Educational ResearcherEducational Researcher is a peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the field of education. The editors-in-chief are Thurston Domina (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill), Andrew McEachin (NWEA), Dana Thompson Dorsey (University of South Florida), and Sarah Woulfin (University of Texas at Austin). It was established in 1972 and is published by SAGE Publications on behalf of the American Educational Research Association.
Hans EysenckHans Jürgen Eysenck ( EYE-zenk; 4 March 1916 – 4 September 1997) was a German-born British psychologist. He is best remembered for his work on intelligence and personality, although he worked on other issues in psychology. At the time of his death, Eysenck was the most frequently cited living psychologist in peer-reviewed scientific journal literature.
Karl PearsonKarl Pearson (; 27 March 1857 – 27 April 1936) was an English biostatistician and mathematician. He has been credited with establishing the discipline of mathematical statistics. He founded the world's first university statistics department at University College London in 1911, and contributed significantly to the field of biometrics. Pearson was also a proponent of Social Darwinism and eugenics, and his thought is an example of what is today described as scientific racism.
Systematic reviewComprehensive review of research literature using systematic methodsA systematic review is considered the most trusted form of evidenceA systematic review is a scholarly synthesis of the evidence on a clearly presented topic using critical methods to identify, define and assess research on the topic.
MetascienceScientific study of scienceMetascience, also known as science of science, is the systematic study of science itself. It analyzes the practices, structures, and outcomes of scientific research, including research design, peer review, publication bias, replication, and incentive structures, with the aim of improving the reliability, transparency, and impact of scientific knowledge production.
PsychotherapyClinically applied psychology for desired behavior changeMedical interventionPsychotherapy (also psychological therapy, talk therapy, or talking therapy) is the use of psychological methods, particularly when based on regular personal interaction, to help a person change behavior, increase happiness, and overcome problems.Gene V. GlassGene V Glass (born June 19, 1940) is an American statistician and researcher working in educational psychology and the social sciences. According to the science writer Morton Hunt, he coined the term "meta-analysis" and illustrated its first use in his presidential address to the American Educational Research Association in San Francisco in April, 1976.Mary Lee SmithMary Lee Smith is an American researcher and academic, whose work spanned across fields from psychology, to research methodology, to education reform. She is a Regents' Professor Emeritus of education policy and measurement, statistics, and research methodology at Arizona State University. Smith, along with Gene Glass, were known for their pioneering work in using meta-analyses for reporting research outcomes.Statistical alchemyStatistical alchemy was a term originated by John Maynard Keynes to describe econometrics in 1939. The phrase has subsequently been used by Alvan Feinstein to describe meta-analysis. It is generally regarded as a deprecatory term which undermines attempts to present such activities as meeting the rigorous standards of science.Boolean expressionIn computer science, a Boolean expression (also known as logical expression) is an expression used in programming languages that produces a Boolean value when evaluated. A Boolean value is either true or false. A Boolean expression may be composed of a combination of the Boolean constants True/False or Yes/No, Boolean-typed variables, Boolean-valued operators, and Boolean-valued functions.PubMedOnline biomedical database PubMedContactResearch centerUnited States National Library of Medicine (NLM)Release dateJanuary 1996; 30 years ago (1996-01)AccessWebsitepubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov PubMed is an openly accessible, free database which primarily includes the MEDLINE database of references and abstracts on life sciences and biomedical topics.Educational ResearcherEducational Researcher is a peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the field of education. The editors-in-chief are Thurston Domina (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill), Andrew McEachin (NWEA), Dana Thompson Dorsey (University of South Florida), and Sarah Woulfin (University of Texas at Austin). It was established in 1972 and is published by SAGE Publications on behalf of the American Educational Research Association.Hans EysenckHans Jürgen Eysenck ( EYE-zenk; 4 March 1916 – 4 September 1997) was a German-born British psychologist. He is best remembered for his work on intelligence and personality, although he worked on other issues in psychology. At the time of his death, Eysenck was the most frequently cited living psychologist in peer-reviewed scientific journal literature.Karl PearsonKarl Pearson (; 27 March 1857 – 27 April 1936) was an English biostatistician and mathematician. He has been credited with establishing the discipline of mathematical statistics. He founded the world's first university statistics department at University College London in 1911, and contributed significantly to the field of biometrics. Pearson was also a proponent of Social Darwinism and eugenics, and his thought is an example of what is today described as scientific racism.Systematic reviewComprehensive review of research literature using systematic methodsA systematic review is considered the most trusted form of evidenceA systematic review is a scholarly synthesis of the evidence on a clearly presented topic using critical methods to identify, define and assess research on the topic.MetascienceScientific study of scienceMetascience, also known as science of science, is the systematic study of science itself. It analyzes the practices, structures, and outcomes of scientific research, including research design, peer review, publication bias, replication, and incentive structures, with the aim of improving the reliability, transparency, and impact of scientific knowledge production.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.