Lower EgyptNorthernmost region of Egypt Part of a series on the History of Egypt Prehistoric Egypt Paleolithic300,000–20,000 BC Mesolithic20,000–6000 BC Neolithic and Predynastic6000–3000 BC Ancient Egypt Early Dynastic Period3150–2686 BC Old Kingdom2686–2181 BC 1st Intermediate Period2181–2055 BC Middle Kingdom2055–1650 BC 2nd Intermediate Period1650–1550 BC New Kingdom1550–1069 BC 3rd Intermediate Period1069–664 BC Late Period (History)664–332 BC Greco-Roman Egypt Argead dynasty332–310 BC Ptolemaic dynasties310–30 BC Roman and Byzantine Egypt30 BC–641 AD Late antique Egypt3rd-7th centuries Sasanian Egypt619–629 Medieval Egypt Rashidun caliphate641–661 Umayyad caliphate661–750 Abbasid dynasty750–935 Tulunid dynasty868–905 Ikhshidid dynasty935–969 Fatimid dynasty969–1171 Ayyubid dynasty1171–1250 Mamluk dynasty1250–1517 Early modern Egypt Ottoman Egypt1517–1867 French occupation1798–1801 Muhammad Ali dynasty1805–1953 Khedivate of Egypt1867–1914 Late Modern Egypt British occupation1882–1922 Sultanate of Egypt1914–1922 Kingdom of Egypt1922–1953 Republic1953–present Egypt portalvte Periods and dynasties of ancient Egypt All years are BC and AD Predynastic Dynasty 0 (Naqada III) 0 c. 3300–3150 BC Early Dynastic First Dynasty I c. 3150–2890 BC Second Dynasty II 2890–2686 BC Old Kingdom Third Dynasty III 2686–2613 BC Fourth Dynasty IV 2613–2498 BC Fifth Dynasty V 2498–2345 BC Sixth Dynasty VI 2345–2181 BC First Intermediate Seventh Dynasty VII spurious Eighth Dynasty VIII 2181–2160 BC Ninth Dynasty IX 2160–2130 BC Tenth Dynasty X 2130–2040 BC Early Eleventh Dynasty XI 2134–2061 BC Middle Kingdom Late Eleventh Dynasty XI 2061–1991 BC Twelfth Dynasty XII 1991–1803 BC Thirteenth Dynasty XIII 1803–1649 BC Second Intermediate Fourteenth Dynasty XIV 1705–1690 BC Fifteenth Dynasty (Hyksos) XV 1674–1535 BC Sixteenth Dynasty XVI 1660–1600 BC Abydos Dynasty 1650–1600 BC Seventeenth Dynasty XVII 1580–1549 BC New Kingdom Eighteenth Dynasty XVIII 1549–1292 BC Nineteenth Dynasty XIX 1292–1189 BC Twentieth Dynasty XX 1189–1077 BC Third Intermediate Twenty-first Dynasty XXI 1069–945 BC Twenty-second Dynasty XXII 945–720 BC Twenty-third Dynasty XXIII 837–728 BC Twenty-fourth Dynasty XXIV 732–720 BC Twenty-fifth Dynasty(Kushite) XXV 732–653 BC Late Period Twenty-sixth Dynasty XXVI 672–525 BC Twenty-seventh Dynasty(1st Persian Period) XXVII 525–404 BC Twenty-eighth Dynasty XXVIII 404–398 BC Twenty-ninth Dynasty XXIX 398–380 BC Thirtieth Dynasty XXX 380–343 BC Thirty-first Dynasty(2nd Persian Period) XXXI 343–332 BC Hellenistic Egypt Thirty-second Dynasty(Argead) XXXII 332–305 BC Thirty-third Dynasty(Ptolemaic Kingdom) XXXIII 305–30 BC Roman Egypt Thirty-fourth Dynasty(Roman Pharaohs) XXXIV 30 BC–313 AD See also: List of pharaohs by period and dynastyPeriodization of ancient Egyptvte Lower Egypt (Arabic: مصر السفلى Miṣr as-Suflā) is the northernmost region of Egypt, which consists of the fertile Nile Delta between Upper Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea.
Roman EgyptDuring the era of the Roman Empire, most of modern-day Egypt, except for the Sinai, was ruled as the imperial province of Aegyptus, from the time it was conquered by Roman forces in 30 BC, to AD 642. The last few centuries of this period has been called late antique Egypt. The province was bordered by Crete and Cyrenaica to the west and Judaea, later Arabia Petraea, to the East.
Egyptian languager n km.tEbers Papyrus detailing treatment of asthma (written in hieratic)RegionOriginally, throughout ancient Egypt and parts of Nubia (especially during the times of the Nubian kingdoms)Ethnicityancient EgyptiansEraLate fourth millennium BC – 19th century AD (with the extinction of Coptic); still used as the liturgical language of the Coptic Orthodox and Coptic Catholic ChurchesLanguage familyAfro-AsiaticEgyptianDialects?Upper †?Lower †Coptic dialects†Writing systemHieroglyphs, cursive hieroglyphs, Hieratic, Demotic and Coptic (later, occasionally, Arabic script in government translations and Latin script in scholars' transliterations and several hieroglyphic dictionaries)Language codesISO 639-2egy (also cop for Coptic)ISO 639-3egy (also cop for Coptic)Glottologegyp1246Linguasphere11-AAA-aThis article contains Coptic text.
Greek languageIndo-European languageGreek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, romanized: elliniká; Ancient Greek: ἑλληνική, romanized: hellēnikḗ) is an Indo-European language, constituting an independent Hellenic branch within the Indo-European language family.
Ancient EgyptCradle of civilization in North AfricaAncient Egypt was a cradle of civilization concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in the eastern part of North Africa. It emerged from prehistoric Egypt around 3150 BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology), when Upper and Lower Egypt were united by Menes, who is believed by the majority of Egyptologists to have been the same person as Narmer.
Coptic languageCoptic (Bohairic Coptic: ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ, romanized: Timetremənkʰēmi) is a dormant Afroasiatic language. It is a group of closely related Egyptian dialects, representing the most recent developments of the Egyptian language, and historically spoken by the Egyptians, starting from the third century AD in Roman Egypt.
Nile DeltaThe Nile Delta (Arabic: دلتا النيل, Delta an-Nīl or simply الدلتا, ad-Delta) is the delta formed in Lower Egypt where the Nile River spreads out and drains into the . It is one of the world's largest deltas. From Alexandria in the west to Port Said in the east; it covers 240 km (150 mi) of the Mediterranean coastline and is a rich agricultural region. From north to south the delta is about 160 km (100 mi) long. The Delta begins from Cairo.
OppidumAn oppidum (pl.: oppida) is a large fortified European Iron Age settlement or town. Oppida are primarily associated with the Celtic late La Tène culture, emerging during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, spread across Europe, stretching from Britain and Iberia in the west to the edge of the Hungarian Plain in the east. These settlements continued to be used until the Romans conquered Southern and Western Europe.
LatinLatin (lingua Latina or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area around Rome, Italy. Through the expansion of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language in the Italian Peninsula and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire.
Ptolemaic dynastyMacedonian Greek royal family which ruled EgyptThe Eagle of Zeus was the traditional symbol of Ptolemaic EgyptCountryAncient Egypt, Ancient Macedonia, Ancient RomeFounded305 BCFounderPtolemy I SoterFinal rulerPtolemy Keraunos(Macedonia)Cleopatra VII and Ptolemy XV(Egypt)Alexander Helios(Armenia)Ptolemy Philadelphus(Syria)Cleopatra Selene(Cyrene)Ptolemy of Mauretania(Mauretania Caesariensis)Final headDrusilla of MauretaniaTitlesPharaohBasileus of EgyptKing of Macedonia King o…
ArabicCentral Semitic languageArabic is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns language codes to 32 varieties of Arabic, including its standard form of Literary Arabic, known as Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic.
Post-classical historyPeriod between ancient and modern historyWell-known medieval artworks, each representing a certain civilization.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.