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Iconology

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Iconology is a method of interpretation in cultural history and the history of the visual arts used by Aby Warburg, Erwin Panofsky and their followers that uncovers the cultural, social, and historical background of themes and subjects in the visual arts. Though Panofsky differentiated between iconology and iconography, the distinction is not very widely followed, "and they have never been given definitions accepted by all iconographers and iconologists".

IconographyIconographyIconography, as a branch of art history, studies the identification, description and interpretation of the content of images: the subjects depicted, the particular compositions and details used to do so, and other elements that are distinct from artistic style. The word iconography comes from the Greekεἰκών ("image") and γράφειν ("to write" or to draw).Erwin PanofskyErwin PanofskyErwin Panofsky (March 30, 1892 – March 14, 1968) was a German art historian whose work helped establish modern iconography and iconology. His publications include Renaissance and Renascences in Western Art and Early Netherlandish Painting. Panofsky's work emphasized the use of historical context to interpret artworks and visual culture.Ernst GombrichErnst GombrichSir Ernst Hans Josef GombrichOMCBEFBA (; German:; 30 March 1909 – 3 November 2001) was an Austrian-born art historian. After settling in England in 1936, he became a naturalised British citizen in 1947 and spent most of his working life in the United Kingdom.Renaissance artRenaissance artRenaissance art (1350 – 1620) is the painting, sculpture, and decorative arts of the period of European history known as the Renaissance, which emerged as a distinct style in Italy in about AD 1400, in parallel with developments which occurred in philosophy, literature, music, science, and technology.DialecticDialecticDialectic or dialectics (from Ancient Greekdialektikē), also known as the dialectical method, is a method of reasoning and philosophical argument that emphasizes the progression of thought through a process of resolving contradictions.Aby WarburgAby WarburgAby Moritz Warburg (June 13, 1866 – October 26, 1929) was a German art historian and cultural theorist who founded the Kulturwissenschaftliche Bibliothek Warburg (Warburg Library for Cultural Studies), a private library, which was later moved to the Warburg Institute, London. At the heart of his research was the legacy of the classical world, and the transmission of classical representation, in the most varied areas of Western culture through to the Renaissance.Arne NæssArne NæssArne Dekke Eide Næss ( ; Urban East Norwegian:; 27 January 1912 – 12 January 2009) was a Norwegian philosopher who coined the term "deep ecology", an important intellectual and inspirational figure within the environmental movement of the late twentieth century, and a prolific writer on many other philosophical issues. Næss cited Rachel Carson's 1962 book Silent Spring as being a key influence in his vision of deep ecology.Michael CamilleMichael William Camille (6 March 1958 – 29 April 2002) was a British art historian and academic, who was an influential, provocative scholar and historian of medieval art and specialist of the European Middle Ages. He was Mary L. Block Professor at the University of Chicago.Visual artsVisual artsThe visual arts are art forms such as painting, drawing, printmaking, sculpture, ceramics, photography, video, image, filmmaking, design, crafts, and architecture. Many artistic disciplines such as performing arts, conceptual art, and textile arts, also involve aspects of the visual arts, as well as arts of other types. Within the visual arts, the applied arts, such as industrial design, graphic design, fashion design, interior design, and decorative art are also included.Hans SedlmayrHans Sedlmayr (18 January 1896, in Szarvkő, Kingdom of Hungary – 9 July 1984, in Salzburg) was an Austrian art historian. From 1931 to 1932 and from 1938 onwards, he was a member of the Nazi Party.Jan Gerrit van GelderJan Gerrit van GelderJan Gerrit van Gelder (Alkmaar, 27 February 1903 – Utrecht, 9 December 1980) was a Dutch art historian. Life and workVan Gelder was the son of the archivist and museum director, Hendrik Enno van Gelder. He grew up in The Hague. In 1923, he began studying art history at Utrecht University. In 1924 he was appointed by the Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen in Rotterdam, where he worked as an assistant and later as curator in the print room and the library.W. J. T. MitchellW. J. T. MitchellWilliam John Thomas Mitchell (born March 24, 1942) is an American scholar. Mitchell is the Gaylord Donnelley Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of English and Art History at the University of Chicago. His research is focused on media theory, iconology, and the relations between different art forms, such as the verbal representation of visual art.

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