Cossack Hetmanate1649–1764 Cossack state in UkraineToday part ofUkraineRussiaMoldovaBelarusHetmanate capitalalternate Hetman residencecapital of Little RussiaThe Cossack Hetmanate (Ukrainian: Гетьма́нщина; see other names), officially the Zaporozhian Host, was a stratocraticstate established by Registered Cossacks in Dnieper Ukraine.
Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)Church in UkraineThe Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC), commonly referred to by the exonymUkrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (UOC-MP), is an Eastern Orthodox church in Ukraine. The Ukrainian Orthodox Church was officially formed in 1990 as the successor to the Ukrainian Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) as the Ukrainian branch of the ROC.
Ivan MazepaIvan Stepanovych Mazepa (30 March[O.S. 20 March] 1639 – 2 October[O.S. 21 September] 1709) was a Ukrainian military, political and civic leader who served as hetman of the Cossack Hetmanate in 1687–1709. His long and stable rule was marked by economical and political recovery from the Ruin.
UkraineCountry in Eastern EuropeUkraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the north; Poland and Slovakia to the west; Hungary, Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov to the south and southeast. Kyiv is Ukraine's capital and largest city, followed by Kharkiv, Odesa, and Dnipro. The official language is Ukrainian.
World War IIGlobal conflict from 1939 to 1945BelligerentsAlliesAxisCommanders and leadersMain Allied leaders: Joseph StalinFranklin D. RooseveltWinston ChurchillChiang Kai-shekMain Axis leaders: Adolf HitlerHirohitoBenito MussoliniCasualties and losses 60–75 million deaths (military and civilian) World War II, or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945), was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers.
Ukrainian languageEast Slavic languageUkrainian (українська мова, ukrainska mova, IPA:) is an East Slavic language, spoken primarily in Ukraine. It is the first (native) language of a large majority of Ukrainians. Written Ukrainian uses the Ukrainian alphabet, a variant of the Cyrillic script. The standard language is studied by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Potebnia Institute of Linguistics.
Russian languageRussian is an East Slavic language belonging to the Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family. It is one of the four extant East Slavic languages, and is the native language of the Russian people. Russian was the de facto (and de jure in its final years) official language of the former Soviet Union.
Shostka RaionShostka Raion (Ukrainian: Шосткинський район) is a raion (district) of Sumy Oblast in central Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the town of Shostka. Population: 179,432 (2022 estimate).On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of the raions in the Sumy Oblast was reduced to five, and the area of the Shostka Raion was significantly expanded.
List of cities in UkraineThere are 463 populated places in Ukraine that have been officially granted city status (Ukrainian: місто, romanized: misto) by the Verkhovna Rada, the country's parliament, as of 23 April 2025. Settlements with more than 10,000 people are eligible for city status although the status is typically also granted to settlements of historical or regional importance.
Sumy OblastSumy Oblast (Ukrainian: Сумська область, romanized: Sumska oblast), also known as Sumshchyna (Сумщина), is an oblast (province) in northeast Ukraine. The oblast was created in its modern-day form, from the merging of raions from Kharkiv Oblast, Chernihiv Oblast, and Poltava Oblast in 1939 by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The estimated population is 1,035,772 (2022 estimate).
Romanization of RussianThe romanization of the Russian language (the transliteration of Russian text from the Cyrillic script into the Latin script), aside from its primary use for including Russian names and words in text written in a Latin alphabet, is also essential for computer users to input Russian text who either do not have a keyboard or word processor set up for inputting Cyrillic, or else are not capable of typing rapidly using a native Russian keyboard layout (JCUKEN).
Seym (river)The Seym or Seim (Russian: Сейм; Ukrainian: Сейм) is a river that flows westward in Russia and Ukraine. It is 748 kilometres (465 mi) long (250 km within Ukraine) and its basin area about 27,500 square kilometres (10,600 sq mi). It is the largest tributary of the Desna. Places on the river include Kursk, Kurchatov, Rylsk, Glushkovo, Putyvl, Baturyn, and the junction with the Desna, which continues west and south past Chernihiv to Kyiv.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.