BotanyBotany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology that studies the growth, reproduction and evolution of plants over the last 3.5 billion years of life on earth. As with all areas of biology and medicine, plants can be studied at range of levels from their biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology and genetics to their ecology, pathology, anatomy, morphology and taxonomy.
MarriageMarriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognised union between people called spouses. It establishes rights and obligations between them, as well as between them and their children (if any), and between them and their in-laws. It is nearly a cultural universal, but the definition of marriage varies between cultures and religions, and over time.
StamenThe stamen (pl.: stamina or stamens) is a part consisting of the male reproductive organs of a flower. Collectively, the stamens form the androecium. Morphology and terminologyA stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filament and an anther which contains microsporangia. Most commonly, anthers are two-lobed (each lobe is termed a locule) and are attached to the filament either at the base or in the middle area of the anther.
AphidAphids are small sap-sucking insects in the family Aphididae of the order Hemiptera. Common names include greenfly and blackfly, although individuals within a species can vary widely in color. The group includes the fluffy white woolly aphids. A typical life cycle involves flightless females giving live birth to female nymphs—who may also be already pregnant, an adaptation scientists call telescoping generations—without the involvement of males.
SociologySociology is the scientific study of human society that focuses on human social behaviour, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with everyday life. The term sociology was coined in the late 18th century to describe the scientific study of society. As a social science, sociology uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge about social order and social change.
FemaleAn organism's sex is female (symbol: ♀) if it produces the ovum (egg cell), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete (sperm cell) during sexual reproduction. A female has larger gametes than a male. Females and males are results of the anisogamousreproduction system, wherein gametes are of different sizes (unlike isogamy where they are the same size).
XY sex-determination systemThe XY sex-determination system is a sex-determination system present in many mammals (including humans), some insects (Drosophila), some snakes, some fish (guppies), and some plants (Ginkgo tree). In this system, the karyotypic sex of an individual is usually determined by a pair of sex chromosomes. Typically, karyotypic females have two of the same kind of sex chromosome (XX), and are called the homogametic sex.
GynoeciumGynoecium (pl.gynoecia) is most commonly used as a collective term for the parts of a flower that produce ovules and ultimately develop into the fruit and seeds. The gynoecium is the innermost whorl of a flower. It consists of one or more pistils, and is typically surrounded by the pollen-producing reproductive organs, the stamens, collectively called the androecium.
Longest word in EnglishThe identity of the longest word in English depends on the definition of "word" and of length. Words may be derived naturally from the language's roots or formed by coinage and construction. Additionally, comparisons are complicated because place names may be considered words, technical terms may be arbitrarily long, and the addition of suffixes and prefixes may extend the length of words to create grammatically correct but unused or novel words.
heterogamyRelated word or term.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.