GlutaraldehydeGlutaraldehyde is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)3(CHO)2. The molecule consists of a five carbon chain doubly terminated with formyl (CHO) groups. It is usually used as a solution in water, and such solutions exists as a collection of hydrates, cyclic derivatives, and condensation products, several of which interconvert.
ImmunogenicityImmunogenicity is the ability of a foreign substance, such as an antigen, to provoke an immune response in the body of a human or other animal. It may be wanted or unwanted: Wanted immunogenicity typically relates to vaccines, where the injection of an antigen (the vaccine) provokes an immune response against the pathogen, protecting the organism from future exposure.
Immune responseAn immune response is a physiological reaction which occurs within an organism in the context of inflammation for the purpose of defending against exogenous factors. These include a wide variety of different toxins, viruses, intra- and extracellular bacteria, protozoa, helminths, and fungi which could cause serious problems to the health of the host organism if not cleared from the body. In addition, there are other forms of immune response.
CarbodiimideIn organic chemistry, a carbodiimide (systematic IUPAC name: methanediimine) is a functional group with the formula RN=C=NR. On Earth they are exclusively synthetic, but in interstellar space the parent compound HN=C=NH has been detected by its maser emissions. A well known carbodiimide is dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, which is used in peptide synthesis. Dialkylcarbodiimides are stable.
Allergic contact dermatitisAllergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a form of contact dermatitis that is the manifestation of a type IV hypersensitivity (delayed hypersensitivity) response caused by contact with a substance; the other type being irritant contact dermatitis (ICD). It differs from classical allergic reactions, which are type I hypersensitivity reactions. Although less common than ICD, ACD is accepted to be the most prevalent form of immunotoxicity found in humans.
ProteinBiomolecule consisting of chains of amino acid residuesA representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices. This protein was the first to have its structure solved by X-ray crystallography. Toward the right-center among the coils, a prosthetic group called a heme group (shown in gray) with a bound oxygen molecule (red).Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acidresidues.
Antigen-presenting cellAn antigen-presenting cell (APC) or accessory cell is a cell that displays an antigen bound by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins on its surface; this process is known as antigen presentation. T cells may recognize these complexes using their T cell receptors (TCRs). APCs process antigens and present them to T cells. Almost all cell types can present antigens in some way. They are found in a variety of tissue types.
Small moleculeIn molecular biology and pharmacology, a small molecule or micromolecule is a low molecular weight (≤ 1000 daltons) organic compound that may regulate a biological process, with a size on the order of 1 nm. Larger structures such as nucleic acids and proteins, and many polysaccharides are not small molecules, although their constituent monomers (ribo- or deoxyribonucleotides, amino acids, and monosaccharides, respectively) are often considered small molecules.
Inflammatory bowel diseaseMedical conditionInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine, with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) being the principal types. Crohn's disease affects the small intestine and large intestine, as well as the mouth, esophagus, stomach and the anus, whereas UC primarily affects the colon and the rectum.
Karl LandsteinerKarl LandsteinerForMemRS (German:; 14 June 1868 – 26 June 1943) was an Austrian-American biologist, physician, and immunologist. He emigrated with his family to New York in 1923 at the age of 55 for professional opportunities, working for the Rockefeller Institute. He had distinguished the main blood groups in 1901, having developed the modern system of classification of blood groups from his identification of the presence of agglutinins in the blood.
Carboxylic acidStructure of a carboxylic acidCarboxylate anion3D structure of a carboxylic acidIn organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is a polar, organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO2H, sometimes as R−C(O)OH, with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely.
LysineAmino acidNames IUPAC nameLysineSystematic IUPAC name2,6-Diaminohexanoic acidOther names Lysine, D-lysine, L-lysine, LYS, h-Lys-OHIdentifiers CAS Number70-54-2 DL56-87-1 L923-27-3 D3D model (JSmol)Interactive imageZwitterion: Interactive imageProtonated zwitterion: Interactive imageChEBICHEBI:25094ChEMBLChEMBL28328ChemSpider8435747 LECHA InfoCard100.000.673IUPHAR/BPS724KEGGC16440PubChemCID866UNIIAI4RT59273 DLK3Z4F929H6 L3HQ6U6424Q DCompTox Dashboard(EPA)DTXSID90859004InChIInChI=1S/C6H14N2O2/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(9)10/h5H,1-4,7-8H2,(H,9,10)Key: KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-NInChI=1/C6H14N2O2/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(9)10/h5H,1-4,7-8H2,(H,9,10)Key: KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYAYSMILESC(CCN)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NZwitterion: C(CC[NH3+])C[C@@H](C(=O)[O-])NProtonated zwitterion: C(CC[NH3+])C[C@@H](C(=O)[O-])[NH3+]Properties Chemical formulaC6H14N2O2Molar mass146.190 g·mol Solubility in water1.5 kg/L Pharmacology ATC codeB05XB03 (WHO) Supplementary data page Lysine (data page)Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).Chemical compoundLysine ball and stick model spinningLysine (symbol Lys or K; also L-lysine) is an α-amino acid that is a precursor to many proteins.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.