FamennianSubdivision of the Devonian according to the ICS, as of 2024Vertical axis scale: Millions of years agoEtymologyName formalityFormalUsage informationCelestial bodyEarthRegional usageGlobal (ICS)Time scale(s) usedICS Time ScaleDefinitionChronological unitAgeStratigraphic unitStageTime span formalityFormalLower boundary definitionFAD of the conodont Palmatolepis subperlobata LAD of the conodont Palmatolepis bogartensisLower boundary GSSPCoumiac quarry, Montagne Noire, France43°27′41″N3°02′25″E / 43.4613°N 3.0403°E / 43.4613; 3.0403Lower GSSP ratified1993Upper boundary definitionFAD of the conodontSiphonodella sulcata (discovered to have biostratigraphic issues as of 2006).Upper boundary GSSPLa Serre, Montagne Noire, France43°33′20″N3°21′26″E / 43.5555°N 3.3573°E / 43.5555; 3.3573Upper GSSP ratified1990The Famennian is the later of two faunal stages in the Late Devonian epoch.
GivetianSubdivision of the Devonian according to the ICS, as of 2024Vertical axis scale: Millions of years agoEtymologyName formalityFormalUsage informationCelestial bodyEarthRegional usageGlobal (ICS)Time scale(s) usedICS Time ScaleDefinitionChronological unitAgeStratigraphic unitStageTime span formalityFormalLower boundary definitionFAD of the conodontPolygnathus hemiansatusLower boundary GSSP, Tafilalt, Morocco31°14′15″N4°21′15″W / 31.2374°N 4.3541°W / 31.2374; -4.3541Lower GSSP ratified1994Upper boundary definitionFAD of the conodont Upper boundary GSSP, Montagne Noire, France43°30′12″N3°05′12″E / 43.5032°N 3.0868°E / 43.5032; 3.0868Upper GSSP ratified1986The Givetian is one of two faunal stages in the Middle Devonian Period.
North AmericaNorth America is a continent in the Northern and Western hemispheres. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. North America covers an area of around 24,709,000 square kilometers (9,540,000 square miles), representing approximately 16.5% of Earth's land area and 4.8% of its total surface area.
Antler orogenyThe Antler orogeny was a tectonic event which occurred in Nevada during the Mississippian subperiod of the Carboniferous. A great volume of conglomeratic deposits of mainly Mississippian age in Nevada and adjacent areas testifies to the existence of an important tectonic event, and implies nearby areas of uplift and erosion, but the nature and cause of that event are uncertain and in dispute.
Variscan orogenyThe Variscan orogeny or Hercynian orogeny was a geologic mountain-building event caused by Late Paleozoic continental collision between Euramerica (Laurussia) and Gondwana to form the supercontinent of Pangaea. It remains visible today as a series of isolated massifs, including the Ardennes, Bohemian Massif, Vosges-Black Forest, Odenwald, Armorican Massif, Cornubian Massif, Massif Central, Iberian System and Gennargentu Massif.
AustraliaCountry in OceaniaAustralia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It has a land area of 7,688,287 km (2,968,464 sq mi), making it the sixth-largest country in the world, and is the world's flattest and driest inhabited continent.
CanadaCanada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the second-largest country by total area, with the longest coastline of any country. Its border with the United States is the longest international land border. The country is characterized by a wide range of both meteorologic and geological regions.
ForestA forest is an ecosystem characterized by a dense community of trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, and ecological function.
DevonianSubdivision of the Devonian according to the ICS, as of 2024Vertical axis scale: Millions of years agoEtymologyName formalityFormalNickname(s)Age of FishesUsage informationCelestial bodyEarthRegional usageGlobal (ICS)Time scale(s) usedICS Time ScaleDefinitionChronological unitPeriodStratigraphic unitSystemTime span formalityFormalLower boundary definitionFAD of the GraptoliteLower boundary GSSPKlonk, Czech Republic49°51′18″N13°47′31″E / 49.8550°N 13.7920°E / 49.8550; 13.7920Lower GSSP ratified1972Upper boundary definitionFAD of the ConodontSiphonodella sulcata (discovered to have biostratigraphic issues as of 2006).Upper boundary GSSPLa Serre, Montagne Noire, France43°33′20″N3°21′26″E / 43.5555°N 3.3573°E / 43.5555; 3.3573Upper GSSP ratified1990Atmospheric and climatic dataSea level above present dayRelatively steady around 189 m, gradually falling to 120 m through periodThe Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoicera during the Phanerozoiceon, spanning 60.7 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian period at 419.62 million years ago (Ma), to the beginning of the succeeding Carboniferous period at 358.86 Ma.
EuropeContinentEurope is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the to the south, and Asia to the east. Europe shares the landmass of Eurasia with Asia, and of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia.
Jules GosseletJules-Auguste Gosselet (19 April 1832 – 20 March 1916) was a French geologist born in Cambrai, France. Following unsuccessful studies of pharmacy, and a stint as a mathematics teacher at the Lycée du Quesnoy, he pursued a career in natural history. In 1853 he became a preparateur of geology at the Sorbonne, later obtaining his doctorate with a thesis titled Mémoire sur les terrains primaires de la Belgique, des environs d'Avesnes et du Boulonnais (1860).
Stage (stratigraphy)In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition. A given stage of rock and the corresponding age of time will by convention have the same name, and the same boundaries. Rock series are divided into stages, just as geological epochs are divided into ages.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.