Media manipulationMedia manipulation refers to orchestrated campaigns in which actors exploit the distinctive features of broadcasting mass communications or digital media platforms to mislead, misinform, or create a narrative that advances the interests and agendas of perpetrators of such campaigns.
MisinformationIncorrect or misleading informationA sign for the successful campaign to leave in the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum. The claim made by the sign was widely considered to have been an example of misinformation.Misinformation is incorrect or misleading information. Whereas misinformation can exist with or without specific malicious intent, disinformation is deliberately deceptive and intentionally propagated.
Fake newsFake news is false or misleading information (misinformation, disinformation, propaganda, and hoaxes) claiming the aesthetics and legitimacy of news. Fake news often has the aim of damaging the reputation of a person or entity, or making money through advertising revenue. Although false news has always been spread throughout history, the term fake news was first used in the 1890s when sensational reports in newspapers were common.
Culture warA culture war is a form of cultural conflict (metaphorical war) between different social groups who struggle to politically impose their own ideology upon mainstream society, or upon the other.
Military deceptionMilitary deception (MILDEC) is an attempt by a military unit to gain an advantage during warfare by misleading adversary decision makers into taking action or inaction that creates favorable conditions for the deceiving force. This is usually achieved by creating or amplifying an artificial fog of war via psychological operations, information warfare, visual deception, or other methods. As a form of disinformation, it overlaps with psychological warfare.
Half-truthA half-truth is a deceptive statement that includes some element of truth. The statement might be partly true, the statement may be totally true, but only part of the whole truth, or it may use some deceptive element, such as improper punctuation, or double meaning, especially if the intent is to deceive, evade, blame or misrepresent the truth.
InformationInformation is an abstract concept that refers to something which has the power to inform. At the most fundamental level, it pertains to the interpretation (perhaps formally) of that which may be sensed, or their abstractions. Any natural process that is not completely random and any observable pattern in any medium can be said to convey some amount of information.
DeceptionDeception is the act of convincing one or many recipients of untrueinformation. The person creating the deception knows it to be false while the receiver of the information does not. It is often done for personal gain or advantage. Deceit and dishonesty can also form grounds for civil litigation in tort, or contract law (where it is known as misrepresentation or fraudulent misrepresentation if deliberate), or give rise to criminal prosecution for fraud.
TruthConformity to realityTruth is conformity to reality or fact. It contrasts with falsity or misrepresentation that fails to align with the world. Truth is typically treated as a property of entities such as sentences, propositions, or beliefs that describe things as they are. It is closely related to truthfulness, a virtue associated with honesty, and to truthlikeness, a characteristic of theories that approximate the truth.
NewsInformation about current events"Current events" redirects here. For the music album, see Current Events (album). For the page on Wikipedia about current events, see .An American girl holding The Washington Post newspaper about the first Moon landing – Apollo 11, July 21, 1969News is information about current events.Value judgmentA value judgment (or normative judgment) is a judgement of the rightness or wrongness of something or someone, or of the usefulness of something or someone.
Modes of persuasionThe modes of persuasion, modes of appeal, or rhetorical appeals (Greek: pisteis) are the broadest classifications of rhetorical devices, which a persuasive speaker or writer uses to convince their audience.
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