Medical model of disabilityThe medical model of disability, or medical model, is based in a biomedical perception of disability. This model links a disability diagnosis to an individual's physical body. The model supposes that a disability may reduce the individual's quality of life and aims to correct or diminish the disability with medical intervention. It is often contrasted with the social model of disability. The medical model focuses on curing or managing illness or disability.
Convention on the Rights of Persons with DisabilitiesThe Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is an international human rightstreaty of the United Nations intended to protect the rights and dignity of persons with disabilities. Parties to the convention are required to promote, protect, and ensure the full enjoyment of human rights by persons with disabilities and ensure that persons with disabilities enjoy full equality under the law.
Intellectual disabilityGeneralized neurodevelopmental disorderMedical conditionIntellectual disability, also disorder of intellectual development and known as learning difficulty (in the United Kingdom and different from learning disability), is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant impairment in intellectual and adaptive functioning. Intellectual disabilities may first be apparent during school age.
Invisible disabilityInvisible disabilities, also known as hidden disabilities or non-visible disabilities (NVDs), are disabilities that are not immediately apparent. Invisible disabilities range from chronic illnesses, fatigue, autism, ADHD, mental health disorders, and hearing/vision loss. Invisible disabilities can also include issues with mobility, such as a sitting disability like chronic back pain, joint problems, or chronic pain.
Developmental disabilityDevelopmental disability is a diverse group of chronic conditions, comprising mental or physical impairments that arise before adulthood. Developmental disabilities cause individuals living with them many difficulties in certain areas of life, especially in "language, mobility, learning, self-help, and independent living". Developmental disabilities can be detected early on and persist throughout an individual's lifespan.
Physical disabilityA physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning or limitations in executing activities (e.g. walking or eating). The term physical disability is very broad, and a range of disabilities are included. Some examples of physical disabilities include: blindness, deafness, respiratory disorders, epilepsy and some genetic disorders. The severity of impairments and restriction in daily activities vary widely between different types of physical disability.
Mental disorderA mental disorder, also referred to as a mental illness, a mental health condition, or a psychiatric disability, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning. A mental disorder is also characterized by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotional regulation, or behavior, often in a social context.
United NationsGlobal intergovernmental organizationFlagEmblemMembers of the United NationsHeadquarters760 United Nations Plaza, Manhattan, New York City (international zone)Official languagesArabicChineseEnglishFrenchRussianSpanishOfficial scriptArabicCyrillicLatinSimplified ChineseTypeIntergovernmental organizationMembership193 member states2 observer statesLeaders• Secretary‑GeneralAntónio Guterres• Deputy Secretary-GeneralAmina J. Mohammed• General Assembly PresidentKhalilur Rahman• Economic and Social Council PresidentAmar BendjamaEstablishment• UN Charter signed 26 June 1945 (81 years ago) (1945-06-26)• Charter entered into force 24 October 1945 (80 years ago) (1945-10-24)Websiteun.orgThe United Nations (UN) is an international intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations on 26 June 1945 with the articulated mission of maintaining international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among states, to promote international cooperation, and to serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of states in achieving those goals.
Birth defectCondition present at birth regardless of causeMedical conditionA birth defect is an abnormal condition that is present at birth, regardless of its cause. Birth defects may result in disabilities that may be physical, intellectual, or developmental. The disabilities can range from mild to severe.
Cognitive impairmentCognitive impairment is an inclusive term to describe any characteristic that acts as a barrier to the cognition process or different areas of cognition. Cognition, also known as cognitive function, refers to the mental processes of how a person gains knowledge, uses existing knowledge, and understands things that are happening around them using their thoughts and senses.
SenseA sense is a biological system used by an organism for sensation, the process of gathering information about the surroundings through the detection of stimuli. During sensation, sense organs collect various stimuli (such as a sound or smell) for transduction, meaning transformation into a form that can be understood by the brain. Sensation and perception are fundamental to nearly every aspect of an organism's cognition, behavior and thought.
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Convention on the Rights of Persons with DisabilitiesThe Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is an international human rightstreaty of the United Nations intended to protect the rights and dignity of persons with disabilities. Parties to the convention are required to promote, protect, and ensure the full enjoyment of human rights by persons with disabilities and ensure that persons with disabilities enjoy full equality under the law.Intellectual disabilityGeneralized neurodevelopmental disorderMedical conditionIntellectual disability, also disorder of intellectual development and known as learning difficulty (in the United Kingdom and different from learning disability), is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant impairment in intellectual and adaptive functioning. Intellectual disabilities may first be apparent during school age.Invisible disabilityInvisible disabilities, also known as hidden disabilities or non-visible disabilities (NVDs), are disabilities that are not immediately apparent. Invisible disabilities range from chronic illnesses, fatigue, autism, ADHD, mental health disorders, and hearing/vision loss. Invisible disabilities can also include issues with mobility, such as a sitting disability like chronic back pain, joint problems, or chronic pain.Developmental disabilityDevelopmental disability is a diverse group of chronic conditions, comprising mental or physical impairments that arise before adulthood. Developmental disabilities cause individuals living with them many difficulties in certain areas of life, especially in "language, mobility, learning, self-help, and independent living". Developmental disabilities can be detected early on and persist throughout an individual's lifespan.Physical disabilityA physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning or limitations in executing activities (e.g. walking or eating). The term physical disability is very broad, and a range of disabilities are included. Some examples of physical disabilities include: blindness, deafness, respiratory disorders, epilepsy and some genetic disorders. The severity of impairments and restriction in daily activities vary widely between different types of physical disability.Mental disorderA mental disorder, also referred to as a mental illness, a mental health condition, or a psychiatric disability, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning. A mental disorder is also characterized by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotional regulation, or behavior, often in a social context.United NationsGlobal intergovernmental organizationFlagEmblemMembers of the United NationsHeadquarters760 United Nations Plaza, Manhattan, New York City (international zone)Official languagesArabicChineseEnglishFrenchRussianSpanishOfficial scriptArabicCyrillicLatinSimplified ChineseTypeIntergovernmental organizationMembership193 member states2 observer statesLeaders• Secretary‑GeneralAntónio Guterres• Deputy Secretary-GeneralAmina J. Mohammed• General Assembly PresidentKhalilur Rahman• Economic and Social Council PresidentAmar BendjamaEstablishment• UN Charter signed 26 June 1945 (81 years ago) (1945-06-26)• Charter entered into force 24 October 1945 (80 years ago) (1945-10-24)Websiteun.orgThe United Nations (UN) is an international intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations on 26 June 1945 with the articulated mission of maintaining international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among states, to promote international cooperation, and to serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of states in achieving those goals.Birth defectCondition present at birth regardless of causeMedical conditionA birth defect is an abnormal condition that is present at birth, regardless of its cause. Birth defects may result in disabilities that may be physical, intellectual, or developmental. The disabilities can range from mild to severe.Cognitive impairmentCognitive impairment is an inclusive term to describe any characteristic that acts as a barrier to the cognition process or different areas of cognition. Cognition, also known as cognitive function, refers to the mental processes of how a person gains knowledge, uses existing knowledge, and understands things that are happening around them using their thoughts and senses.SenseA sense is a biological system used by an organism for sensation, the process of gathering information about the surroundings through the detection of stimuli. During sensation, sense organs collect various stimuli (such as a sound or smell) for transduction, meaning transformation into a form that can be understood by the brain. Sensation and perception are fundamental to nearly every aspect of an organism's cognition, behavior and thought.ConditionLook up in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.