TheodoliteA theodolite () is a precision optical instrument for measuring angles between designated visible points in the horizontal and vertical planes. The traditional use has been for land surveying, but it is also used extensively for building and infrastructureconstruction, and some specialized applications such as meteorology and rocket launching. It consists of a movable telescope mounted so it can rotate around horizontal and vertical axes and provide angular readouts.
SurveyingSurveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, art, and science of determining the terrestrial positions of points based on the distances and angles between them.
GeminusGeminus of Rhodes (Greek: Γεμῖνος ὁ Ῥόδιος) was a Greek astronomer and mathematician, who flourished in the 1st century BC. An astronomy work of his, the Introduction to the Phenomena, survives; it was intended as an introductory astronomy book for students. He also wrote a work on mathematics, of which only fragments quoted by later authors survive. LifeNothing is known about the life of Geminus.
Tunnel of EupalinosThe Tunnel of Eupalinos or Eupalinian aqueduct (Greek: Ευπαλίνειο όρυγμα, romanized: Efpalinio orygma) is a tunnel of 1,036 m (3,399 ft) length running through Mount Kastro in Samos, Greece, built in the 6th century BC to serve as an aqueduct.
SamosSamos (, alsoUS: ; Greek: Σάμος, romanized: Sámos, Greek pronunciation:) is a Greek island in the eastern Aegean Sea, south of Chios, north of Patmos and the Dodecanese archipelago, and off the coast of western Turkey, from which it is separated by the 1.6-kilometre-wide (1.0 mi) Mycale Strait. It is also a separate regional unit of the North Aegean region.
EuclidEuclid (; Ancient Greek: Εὐκλείδης; fl. 300 BC) was an ancient Greek mathematician active as a geometer and logician. Considered the "father of geometry", he is chiefly known for the Elements treatise, which established the foundations of geometry that largely dominated the field until the early 19th century.List of surveying instrumentsInstruments used in surveying include: AlidadeAlidade tableCosmolabeDioptraDumpy levelEngineer's chainGeodimeterGraphometerGroma (surveying)Laser scanningLevelLevel staffMeasuring tapePlane tablePole (surveying)Prism (surveying) (corner cube retroreflector)Prismatic compass (angle measurement)Ramsden surveying instrumentsRanging rodSurveyor's chainSurveyor's compassTachymeter (surveying)Tape (surveying)TellurometerTheodoliteHalf theodolitePlain theodoliteSimple theodoliteGreat theodoliteNon-transit theodoliteTransit theodoliteSeconds theodoliteElectronic theodoliteMining theodoliteSuspension theodoliteTraveling theodolitePibal theodoliteRegistering theodoliteGyro-theodoliteConstruction theodolitePhoto-theodoliteRobotic theodoliteVernier theodoliteTotal stationTransit (surveying)Tripod (surveying)Universal instrument (surveying)See alsoAstronomical instrumentMeasurement instrumentFurther readingLewis, M. J. T. (2001-04-23).
AngleIn geometry, an angle is formed by two lines that meet at a point. Each line is called a side of the angle, and the point they share is called the vertex of the angle. The term angle is used to denote both geometric figures and their size or magnitude as associated quantity. Angular measure or measure of angle are sometimes used to distinguish between the measure of the quantity and figure itself.
AstrometryAstrometry is a branch of astronomy that involves precise measurements of the positions and movements of stars and other celestial bodies. It provides the kinematics and physical origin of the Solar System and this galaxy, the Milky Way.
Greek languageIndo-European languageGreek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, romanized: elliniká; Ancient Greek: ἑλληνική, romanized: hellēnikḗ) is an Indo-European language, constituting an independent Hellenic branch within the Indo-European language family.
Groma (surveying)The groma (as standardized in the imperial Latin, sometimes croma, or gruma in the literature of the republican times) was a surveying instrument used in the Roman Empire. The groma allowed projecting right angles and straight lines and thus enabling the centuriation (setting up of a rectangular grid). It is the only Roman surveying tool with examples that survive to the present day.
Ancient Greek astronomyAncient Greek astronomy is the astronomy written in the Greek language during classical antiquity. Greek astronomy is understood to include the Ancient Greek, Hellenistic, Greco-Roman, and late antique eras.
GoniometerA goniometer is an instrument that either measures an angle or allows an object to be rotated to a precise angular position. The term goniometry derives from two Greek words, 'angle' and 'measure'. The protractor is a commonly used type in the fields of mechanics, engineering, and geometry. The first known description of a goniometer, based on the astrolabe, was by Gemma Frisius in 1538.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.