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Key concept in Indian philosophy and Eastern religions, with multiple meaningsDharma (; Sanskrit: धर्म, pronounced) is a key concept in various Indian-origin religions. The term dharma does not have a single, clear translation and conveys a multifaceted idea. Etymologically, it comes from the Sanskrit dhr-, meaning to hold or to support, thus referring to the law that sustains things—from one's life to society, and to the universe at large.

PuruṣārthaPuruṣārthaPurushartha (Sanskrit: पुरुषार्थ, romanized: Puruṣārtha; pronounced) literally means "object(ive) of mankind". It is a key concept in Hinduism, and refers to the four dimensions of a human life. The four puruṣārthas are Dharma (righteousness, moral values), Artha (prosperity, economic values), Kama (pleasure, love, psychological values) and Moksha (liberation, spiritual values, self-realization).SanskritSanskritAncient Indo-Aryan language of South AsiaSanskrit (; stem form संस्कृत; nominal singular संस्कृतम्, saṃskṛtam,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age.PaliPaliMiddle Indo-Aryan languagePāli (; IAST: Pāḷi) is a Middle Indo-Aryan language that is widely studied as the sacred language of Theravada Buddhism and the language of the Tipiṭaka. Pali was designated a classical language of India by the Government of India on 3 October 2024. Origin and developmentEtymologyThe word 'Pali' is used as a name for the language of the Theravada canon.HinduismHinduismHinduism () is an umbrella term for a range of Indian religious and spiritual traditions (sampradayas) that are unified by adherence to Dharma, a cosmic order maintained by its followers through rituals and righteous living, as expounded in the Vedas. The word Hindu originated as an exonym, and while Hinduism has been called the oldest surviving religion in the world, it is also described since the 19th century by the term Sanātana Dharma (lit. 'eternal dharma').Indian religionsIndian religionsReligions that originated on the Indian subcontinentFrom left to right, then downwards: the Om (Hinduism), the Dharmachakra (Buddhism), the Jain Prateek Chihna (Jainism) and the Khanda (Sikhism) are the symbols commonly used to represent the four major Indian religions.Indian religions as a percentage of world populationHinduism (16.0%)Buddhism (7.10%)Sikhism (0.35%)Jainism (0.06%)Non-Indian religions and irreligion (76.5%)BuddhismBuddhismIndian religion and philosophy The Kamakura Daibutsu, a 13th-century bronze statue of the Buddha Amitābha in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan Part of a series onBuddhism Buddhists list Glossary Index Outline History Timeline The Buddha Pre-sectarian Buddhism Councils Silk Road transmission of Buddhism Decline in the Indian subcontinent Buddhist modernism DharmaConcepts Four Noble Truths Noble Eightfold Path Dharma wheel Five Aggregates Impermanence Suffering No-self Dependent Origination Middle Way Mettā Emptiness Morality Karma Rebirth Saṃsāra Cosmology Buddhist texts Buddhavacana Early Texts Tripiṭaka Mahayana Sutras Pāli Canon Sanskrit literature Tibetan canon Chinese canon Post-canon Practices Three Jewels Buddhist paths to liberation Five precepts Perfections Meditation Philosophical reasoning Devotional practices Merit making Recollections Mindfulness Wisdom Sublime abidings Aids to Enlightenment Monasticism Lay life Buddhist liturgy Buddhist chant Pilgrimage Vegetarianism Nirvāṇa Awakening Four Stages Arhat Pratyekabuddhayāna Bodhisattva Buddha Traditions Theravāda Pāli Mahāyāna Hinayana Chinese Vajrayāna Tibetan Navayana Newar Buddhism by country Bhutan Brazil Cambodia China India Indonesia Japan Korea Laos Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar New Zealand Russia Singapore US Sri Lanka Taiwan Thailand Tibet Vietnam Buddhism portalvte Part of a series onReligion Outline Index Timeline Aspects Behaviour Clergy Conversion Denomination Disaffiliation Education School Laity Monasticism Prayer Ritual Symbols Text Worship Beliefs Acosmism Animism Anthropopathism Dualism and Nondualism Fideism Mysticism Omnism Spiritualism Shamanism Transcendentalism Theism Classical theism Henotheism Monotheism Kathenotheism Panentheism Pantheism Polytheism Transtheism Concepts Afterlife Cult Deity Elite religion Experience Meditation Faith Folk religion Lived religion Miracle Mythology Prophecy Reincarnation Revelation Salvation Spirit Soul Supernatural Truth Society Discrimination Freedom Gender Happiness LGBTQ people Politics Science Sexuality Suicide Vegetarianism Violence Persecution War Wealth Studies Anthropology Cognitive science Comparative Eschatology Evolutionary origin Evolutionary psychology History Neurotheology Philosophy Psychology Sociology Soteriology Theology Theories about religion Religions Historical Ancient Egyptian Ancient Greek Gnosticism Ancient Roman Mithraism Ancient Mesopotamian Prehistoric Proto-Indo-Iranian World Buddhism Christianity Hinduism Jainism Islam Sikhism Indigenous African traditional Chinese Taoism Judaism Korean Native American Mandaeism Samaritanism Shinto Vietnamese Yazidism Zoroastrianism New Bábism Baháʼí Goddess Modern paganism New Age Tenrikyo UFO religion Raëlism Category Portalvte Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya (transl.The BuddhaThe BuddhaFounder of BuddhismSiddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha (lit. 'the awakened one'), was a wandering religious teacher who lived in the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism. According to Buddhist legends, he was born in Lumbini, in what is now Nepal, to royal parents of the Shakya clan, but renounced his home life to live as a wandering ascetic.Buddhist philosophyBuddhist philosophyBuddhist philosophical tradition The Buddhist Nalanda mahāvihāra (great monastery) was a major institution of higher-learning in ancient India from the 5th century CE until the 12th century.ṚtaṚtaIn the Vedic religion, Ṛta (/ɹ̩t̪ɐ/; Sanskritऋतṛta "order, rhythm, rule; truth; logos") is the principle of natural order which regulates and coordinates the operation of the universe and everything within it. In the hymns of the Vedas, Ṛta is described as that which is ultimately responsible for the proper functioning of the natural, moral and sacrificial orders.AdharmaAdharma is the Sanskritantonym of dharma. It means "that which is not in accord with the dharma". Connotations include betrayal, discord, disharmony, unnaturalness, wrongness, evil, immorality, unrighteousness, wickedness, and vice. Adharma (Sanskrit: अधर्म) is derived from combining "a" with "dharma", which literally implies "not-dharma". It means immoral, sinful, wrong, wicked, unjust, unbalanced, or unnatural.UntranslatabilityUntranslatabilityUntranslatability is the property of text or speech for which no equivalent can be found when translated into another (given) language. A text that is considered to be untranslatable is called a lacuna, or lexical gap. The term arises when describing the difficulty of achieving the so-called perfect translation. It is based on the notion that there are certain concepts and words that are so interrelated that an accurate translation becomes an impossible task.LifeLifeLife is the capacity in matter, formed of one or more units called cells, for processes such as cell signaling, homeostasis, metabolism, cell growth, adaptation, response to stimuli, and reproduction. All life eventually reaches a state of death. Many philosophical definitions of living systems have been proposed, such as self-organizing systems.𑀥𑀁𑀫𑀥𑀁𑀫Related word or term.

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