Waves of democracyIn political science, the waves of democracy or waves of democratization are major surges of democracy that have occurred in history, in contrast with waves of autocracy or waves of autocratization, where democratic backsliding occurs. We are currently in the third wave of autocratization, which began during the war on terror or Great Recession.
Democratic backslidingDrift towards authoritarianismSince c. 2010, the number of countries autocratizing (blue) has been higher than those democratizing (yellow).Democratic backsliding is a form of autocratization, a process of structural government transition from democracy toward authoritarianism in which the exercise of political power becomes less limited and more arbitrary and repressive.
Arab SpringThe Arab Spring (Arabic: الربيع العربي, romanized: ar-rabīʻ al-ʻarabī) was a series of pro-democracy anti-government protests, uprisings, and armed rebellions that spread across much of the Arab world in the early 2010s. It began in Tunisia in response to the death of Mohamed Bouazizi by self-immolation. From Tunisia, the protests initially spread to five other countries: Libya, Egypt, Yemen, Syria and Bahrain.
People Power Revolution1986 demonstrations in the PhilippinesLead figuresCorazon AquinoOthers:Salvador LaurelJuan Ponce EnrileFidel RamosGringo HonasanJaime SinFerdinand MarcosOthers:Imelda MarcosFabian VerArturo TolentinoNumberCasualties and lossesEarly lifeMilitary careerStonehill scandalPrime MinisterPresidencyExecutive ordersCult of personalityEconomyMonopoliesCroniesCoco Levy Fund scamGintong AlayTimelineCommunist insurgencyMoro conflictFirst term1965 election1st Inaugurationbalance of payments crisisSecond term1969 electioncampaign2nd InaugurationFirst Quarter StormPlaza Miranda bombingVietnam WarMartial lawProclamation No. 1081Kilusang Bagong LipunanHuman rights abusesTortureRolex 12Escalante MassacreChico River Dam ProjectMasagana 99Bataan Nuclear Power PlantJournalismResistance ReligiousIndigenousWorkersProtest artProtest musicThird and fourth terms1981 election and referendum3rd inaugurationAssassination of Benigno Aquino Jr.1986 election4th inaugurationPeople Power RevolutionFamilyMariano (father)Pacifico (brother)Imelda (wife)Bongbong (son)Imee (daughter)Irene (daughter)Aimee (daughter)Unexplained wealthOverseas landholdingsMarcos mansionsMarcos jewelsTallano gold conspiracy theoryLegacyBurialHistorical distortionBustDaytoy ni BannawagMarcos loyalismSolid NorthMarcos Japanese ODA scandalOperation Big BirdMarcos in filmNonoy Marcelo's Tadhana: History of the Filipino PeopleRelated"Conjugal dictatorship"Edifice complex The People Power Revolution, also known as the EDSA Revolution or the February Revolution, was a series of popular demonstrations in the Philippines, mostly in Metro Manila, from February 22 to 25, 1986.DemocracyGovernment system where political power lies with the people
Democratic transitionA democratic transition describes a phase in a country's political system as a result of an ongoing change from an authoritarian regime to a democratic one. The process is known as democratisation, political changes moving in a democratic direction. Democratization waves have been linked to sudden shifts in the distribution of power among the great powers, which created openings and incentives to introduce sweeping domestic reforms.
World War IIGlobal conflict from 1939 to 1945BelligerentsAlliesAxisCommanders and leadersMain Allied leaders: Joseph StalinFranklin D. RooseveltWinston ChurchillChiang Kai-shekMain Axis leaders: Adolf HitlerHirohitoBenito MussoliniCasualties and losses 60–75 million deaths (military and civilian) World War II, or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945), was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers.AuthoritarianismPolitical system Part of the Politics seriesBasic forms of government List of forms · List of countries Source of power Democracy (rule by many) Demarchy Direct Economic Guided Liberal Representative Social Socialist Others Oligarchy (rule by few) Anocracy Aristocracy Broligarchy Corporatocracy Gerontocracy Imagocracy Kleptocracy Kritarchy Matriarchy Meritocracy Particracy Patriarchy Plutocracy Stratocracy Technocracy Theocracy Autocracy (rule by one) Autocratic legalism Despotism Dictatorship military Tyranny Anarchy (rule by none) Anarchism Free association Stateless Power ideology MonarchyRepublic (socio-political ideologies) Absolute Communist Constitutional Directorial Legalist Presidential Parliamentary Semi-parliamentary Semi-presidential AuthoritarianLibertarian (socio-economic ideologies) Anarchism Colonialism Communism Despotism Distributism Fascism Feudalism Islamism Socialism Totalitarianism inverted Tribalism ReligiousSecular State religion Secular state Separation of church and state State atheism GlobalLocal (geo-cultural ideologies) City-state Intergovernmental organisation National government World government Nationalism Internationalism Globalism Power structure Unitarism Unitary state Empire Principality Branches Unified state power Fusion of powers Separation of powers Client state Associated state Dependent territory Dominion Protectorate Puppet state Puppet monarch Satellite state Self-governing colony Tributary state Buffer state Vassal state Viceroyalty Federalism Confederation Devolution Federation Superstate Supranational union International relations Small power Middle power Regional power Emerging power Great power Superpower Related Administrative division Centralized government Democratic backsliding Democracy indices Democratic transition Democratisation Politics portalvte Authoritarianism is a political system characterized by the rejection of political plurality, the use of strong central power to preserve the political status quo, and reductions in democracy, separation of powers, civil liberties, and the rule of law.
BeninCountry in West AfricaBenin, officially the Republic of Benin, formerly known as Dahomey, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Togo to the west, Nigeria to the east, Burkina Faso to the northwest, and Niger to the northeast. The majority of its population lives on the southern coastline of the Bight of Benin, part of the Gulf of Guinea in the northernmost tropical portion of the Atlantic Ocean.
Latin AmericaLatin America (Spanish: América Latina or Latinoamérica; Portuguese: América Latina) is the cultural region of the Americas where Romance languages are predominantly spoken, primarily Spanish and Portuguese. Since it is defined according to its cultural identity instead of its geography, Latin America includes countries from both North and South America. For instance, countries from North America like Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala, etc. tend to be included.
Portuguese languagePortuguese (endonym: português) is a Western Romance language of the Indo-European language family, written in the Latin script. With approximately 267 million native speakers, it is the fifth-most spoken native language in the world, and the most widely spoken language in the Southern Hemisphere.
RegimeIn politics, a regime (also spelled régime) is a system of norms, rules, and decision-making procedures. In the context of national politics, it typically refers to the system of political organization that determines access to public office, and the extent of power held by officials. Political scientists often categorize regimes as being democratic, autocratic, or hybrid.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.