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Culdees
The Culdees (Irish: Céilí Dé, lit.'Spouses of God'; pronounced) were members of ascetic Christianmonastic and eremitical communities of Ireland, Scotland, Wales and England in the Middle Ages. Appearing first in Ireland and then in Scotland, they were subsequently attached to cathedral or collegiate churches. Though they did not take monastic vows, they lived in monastic fashion. EtymologyAccording to the Swiss theologian Philip Schaff, the term Culdee or Ceile De, or Kaledei, first appeared in the 8th century.
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