Intellectual propertyOwnership of creative expressions and processesIntellectual property laws such as trademark laws forbid the sale of infringing goods like these "McDnoald's" [sic] and "NKIE" [sic] sandals from China.Intellectual property (IP) is a category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect, while intellectual property rights ("IPR") are rights empowering the creator or owner of an intellectual property asset to use it and to prevent others from doing so.
Copyright formalitiesLegal requirements to get a copyright Copyright formalities are legal (generally statutory) requirements needed to obtain a copyright in a particular jurisdiction. Common copyright formalities include copyright registration, copyright renewal, copyright notice, and copyright deposit. Benefits and critiques Copyright formalities had certain benefits to users and holders of copyrights. First, they made determination of copyright status fairly easy.
Moral rightsMoral rights are rights of creators of copyrighted works generally recognized in civil law jurisdictions and, to a lesser extent, in some common law jurisdictions. The moral rights include the right of attribution, the right to have a work published anonymously or pseudonymously, and the right to the integrity of the work.
Public domainThe public domain (PD) consists of all creative work to which no exclusiveintellectual property rights apply. Those rights may have expired, be forfeit, waived or may be inapplicable. Because no one holds the exclusive rights, anyone can legally use or reference those works without permission.
Derivative workIn copyright law, a derivative work is an expressive creation that includes major copyrightable elements of a first, previously created original work (the underlying work). The derivative work becomes a second, separate work independent from the first. The transformation, modification or adaptation of the work must be substantial and bear its author's personality sufficiently to be original and thus protected by copyright.
Limitations and exceptions to copyrightLimitations and exceptions to copyright are provisions, in local copyright law or the Berne Convention, which allow for copyrighted works to be used without a license from the copyright owner. Limitations and exceptions to copyright relate to a number of important considerations such as market failure, freedom of speech, education and equality of access (such as by the visually impaired).
Fair useFair use is a doctrine in United States law that permits limited use of copyrighted material without permission from the copyright holder. Fair use is one of the limitations to copyright intended to balance the interests of copyright holders with the public interest in the wider distribution and use of creative works by allowing a defense to copyright infringement claims for certain limited uses that might otherwise be considered infringement.Performing rightsRight to perform music in public Performing rights are the right to perform music in public.
Copyright termThe copyright term is the length of time copyright subsists in a work before it passes into the public domain. In most of the world, this length of time is the life of the author plus either 50 or 70 years. Length of copyrightCopyright subsists for a variety of lengths in different jurisdictions.Fair dealingFair dealing is a limitation and exception to the exclusive rights granted by copyright law to the author of a creative work. Fair dealing is found in many of the common law jurisdictions of the Commonwealth of Nations. Fair dealing is an enumerated set of possible defences against an action for infringement of an exclusive right of copyright.Creative workA creative work is a manifestation of creative effort in the world through a creative process involving one or more individuals. The term includes fine artwork (sculpture, paintings, drawing, sketching, performance art), dance, writing (literature), filmmaking, and musical composition. The term is frequently used in the context of copyright. It is an important concept in both philosophy and law.
List of copyright duration by countryCopyright is the right to copy and publish a particular work. The terms "copy" and "publish" are quite broad. They include copying in electronic form, making translated versions, creating a television program based on the work, and putting the work on the Internet. A work is protected by copyright if it is a literary or artistic work. This general expression covers almost all products of creative and original effort.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.