HadrosauridaeExtinct family of dinosaursHadrosauridae (from Ancient Greek ἁδρός (hadrós) 'stout, thick' and σαύρα (saúra) 'lizard'), is a family of ornithischiandinosaurs informally referred to as duck-billed dinosaurs. This group is known as the duck-billed dinosaurs for the flat duck-bill appearance of the bones in their snouts.
HadrosaurusHadrosaurus (; lit.'bulky lizard') is a genus of hadrosauridornithopoddinosaurs that lived in North America during the Late CretaceousPeriod in what is now the Woodbury Formation in New Jersey about 83.6 to 77.9 million years ago. The holotype specimen was found in fluvial marine sedimentation, meaning that the corpse of the animal was transported by a river and washed out to sea. Some fossils are found in the Tar Heel/Coachman Formation.
HerbivoreA herbivore is an animal anatomically or physiologically evolved to feed on plants, especially upon vascular tissues such as foliage, fruits or seeds, as the main component of its diet. These more broadly also encompass animals that eat non-vascularautotrophs such as mosses, algae and lichens, but do not include those feeding on decomposedplant matters (i.e. detritivores) or macrofungi (i.e. fungivores).
CladeIn biology, a clade () (from Ancient Greekκλάδος (kládos)'branch'), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that is composed of a common ancestor and all of its descendants. Clades are the fundamental unit of cladistics, a modern approach to taxonomy adopted by most biological fields. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or extant).
DinosaurClade of reptilesBirds are avian dinosaurs, and phylogenetictaxonomy includes over 11,000 extant species in the group Dinosauria.Dinosaurs are a diverse group of warmblooded reptiles of the cladeDinosauria. They existed through most of the Mesozoicera, first appearing early in the Triassicperiod.
CampanianSubdivision of the Cretaceous according to the ICS, as of 2024.Vertical axis scale: Millions of years agoEtymologyName formalityFormalUsage informationCelestial bodyEarthRegional usageGlobal (ICS)Time scale(s) usedICS Time ScaleDefinitionChronological unitAgeStratigraphic unitStageTime span formalityFormalLower boundary definitionBase of Chron C33rLower boundary GSSPBottaccione, Gubbio, Italy43°21′46″N12°34′58″E / 43.3627°N 12.5828°E / 43.3627; 12.5828Lower GSSP ratifiedOctober 2022Upper boundary definitionMean of 12 biostratigraphic criteriaUpper boundary GSSPGrande Carrière quarry, Landes, France43°40′46″N1°06′48″W / 43.6795°N 1.1133°W / 43.6795; -1.1133Upper GSSP ratifiedFebruary 2001The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceousepoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).
GenusGenus (; pl.: genera) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. E.g. Panthera leo (lion) and Panthera onca (jaguar) are two species within the genus Panthera.
North AmericaNorth America is a continent in the Northern and Western hemispheres. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. North America covers an area of around 24,709,000 square kilometers (9,540,000 square miles), representing approximately 16.5% of Earth's land area and 4.8% of its total surface area.
Ancient GreekAncient Greek (Ἑλληνική, Hellēnikḗ [hellɛːnikɛ̌ː]) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (c. 1400 – c. 1200 BC), Dark Ages (c. 1200 – c. 800 BC), the Archaic or Homeric period (c. 800 – c. 500 BC), and the Classical period (c. 500 – c. 300 BC).
Late CretaceousSubdivision of the Cretaceous according to the ICS, as of 2024.Vertical axis scale: Millions of years agoEtymologyChronostratigraphic nameUpper CretaceousGeochronological nameLate CretaceousName formalityFormalUsage informationCelestial bodyEarthRegional usageGlobal (ICS)Time scale(s) usedICS Time ScaleDefinitionChronological unitEpochStratigraphic unitSeriesTime span formalityFormalLower boundary definitionFAD of the Planktonic ForaminiferRotalipora globotruncanoidesLower boundary GSSPMont Risoux, Hautes-Alpes, France44°23′33″N5°30′43″E / 44.3925°N 5.5119°E / 44.3925; 5.5119Lower GSSP ratified2002Upper boundary definitionIridium enriched layer associated with a major meteorite impact and subsequent K-Pg extinction eventUpper boundary GSSPEl Kef Section, El Kef, Tunisia36°09′13″N8°38′55″E / 36.1537°N 8.6486°E / 36.1537; 8.6486Upper GSSP ratified1991The Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 Ma) is the more recent of two epochs into which the CretaceousPeriod is divided in the geologic time scale.
SantonianSubdivision of the Cretaceous according to the ICS, as of 2024.Vertical axis scale: Millions of years agoEtymologyName formalityFormalUsage informationCelestial bodyEarthRegional usageGlobal (ICS)Time scale(s) usedICS Time ScaleDefinitionChronological unitAgeStratigraphic unitStageTime span formalityFormalLower boundary definitionFAD of the InoceramidBivalveCladoceramus undulatoplicatusLower boundary GSSPOlazagutia, Spain42°52′00″N2°11′48″W / 42.8668°N 2.1968°W / 42.8668; -2.1968Lower GSSP ratifiedJanuary 2013Upper boundary definitionBase of Chron C33rUpper boundary GSSPBottaccione, Gubbio, Italy43°21′46″N12°34′58″E / 43.3627°N 12.5828°E / 43.3627; 12.5828Upper GSSP ratifiedOctober 2022The Santonian is an age in the geologic timescale or a chronostratigraphicstage.
FossilPreserved remains or traces of organisms from a past geological ageExamples of animal fossils. Clockwise from top left: Onychocrinus, Palaeosinopa, Gryphaea, and HarpactocarcinusA fossil (from Classical Latinfossilis, lit. 'obtained by digging') is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.
HadrosauroideaHadrosauroidea is a clade or superfamily of ornithischiandinosaurs that includes the "duck-billed" dinosaurs, or Hadrosauridae, and all dinosaurs more closely related to them than to Iguanodon. Their remains have been recovered in Asia, Europe, Africa and the Americas. Many primitive hadrosauroids, such as the Asian Probactrosaurus and Altirhinus, have traditionally been included in a paraphyletic (unnatural grouping) "Iguanodontidae".*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.