International humanitarian lawInternational humanitarian law (IHL), also known as jus in bello or the laws of armed conflict, is the law that regulates the conduct of war. It is a branch of international law that seeks to limit the effects of armed conflict by protecting persons who are not participants in hostilities and by restricting and regulating the means and methods of warfare available to combatants.
Non-combatantIn the law of war, a non-combatant is a person who is not or is no longer actively participating in hostilities during a war. This includes civilians, prisoners of war, and wounded, sick or injured former combatants (hors de combat).
Unlawful combatantUnlawful combatants (also known as unprivileged combatants or unprivileged belligerents) are civilians who directly engage in armed conflict and are therefore legally (in some, national-level systems) deemed to be no longer protected by the Geneva Conventions. The concept originated during the fin de siècle of the 19th century, with the great powers considering francs-tireurs to be unlawful combatants.
MilitaryA military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a distinct military uniform. They may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard.
Civilian casualtyA civilian casualty occurs when a civilian is killed or injured by non-civilians, mostly law enforcement officers, military personnel, rebel group forces, or terrorists. Under the law of war, it refers to civilians who perish or suffer wounds as a result of wartime acts. The term is generally applied to situations in which violence is committed in pursuit of political or military goals.
Military chaplainA military chaplain ministers to military personnel and, in most cases, their families and civilians working for the military. In some cases, they will also work with local civilians within a military area of operations. Although the term chaplain originally had Christian roots, it is generally used today in military organizations to describe all professionals specially trained to serve any spiritual need, regardless of religious, world philosophy or status.Customary international lawCustomary international law consists of international legal obligations arising from established or usual international practices, which are less formal customary expectations of behavior often unwritten as opposed to formal written treaties or conventions. Along with general principles of law and treaties, custom is considered by the International Court of Justice, jurists, the United Nations, and its member states to be among the primary sources of international law.Law of warThe law of war is the part of international law that regulates the conditions for initiating war (jus ad bellum) and the conduct of hostilities (jus in bello). Laws of war define sovereignty and nationhood, states and territories, occupation, and other critical terms of law.TreatyA treaty is an international agreement between sovereign states or other subjects of international law (including international organizations) that is governed by international law. A treaty may also be known as an international agreement, protocol, covenant, convention, pact, or exchange of letters, among other terms; however, only documents that are legally binding on the parties are considered treaties under international law.
War crimeA war crime is a serious violation of the laws and customs applicable in armed conflict, known as international humanitarian law (IHL) and the law of war, which gives rise to criminal responsibility under international law.
List of military tacticsThis article contains a list of military tactics. The meaning of the phrase is context sensitive, and has varied over time, such as the difference between "strategy" and "tactics".
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