Road surfaceA road surface (British English) or pavement (North American English) is the durable surface material laid down on an area intended to sustain vehicular or foot traffic, such as a road or walkway. In the past, gravel road surfaces, macadam, hoggin, cobblestone and sett granite were extensively used, but these have mostly been replaced by asphalt or concrete laid on a compacted base course.
HighwayA highway in the broadest sense of the term is any public or private road or other public way on land, including not just major roads but also other public roads and rights of way. In the United States, the term is used to describe major roads. It is sometimes used casually as a synonym of freeway, or expressway, denoting a controlled-access highway. According to Merriam-Webster, the use of the term predates the 12th century.
Prospekt (street)Prospekt (Russian: проспе́кт, IPA:) is a term for a broad, multi-lane and very long straight street in urban areas, which serves as an arterial road. The use of "prospekt" as a road-related concept originated in the Russian Empire. As an urban area sprawls along transportation routes, the roads outside of city limits called chaussee (French for road surface) often also become converted into prospekts.
Western EuropeWestern Europe is the western region of Europe. The region's extent varies depending on context. The concept of "the West" appeared in Europe in juxtaposition to "the East" and originally applied to the Western half of the ancient , the Latin West of the Roman Empire, and "Western Christendom".
Eastern EuropeDigital rendering of Europe focused over the continent's eastern portionTraditional cultural borders of Europe: usage recommendation by the Standing Committee on Geographical Names, GermanyEastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent. As a largely ambiguous term, it has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural and socio-economic connotations.
Johann Christoph AdelungJohann Christoph Adelung (8 August 1732 – 10 September 1806) was a German grammarian and philologist. BiographyHe was born at Spantekow, in Western Pomerania, then part of the Holy Roman Empire and educated at schools in Anklam and Berge Monastery, Magdeburg, and the University of Halle also all in the Holy Roman Empire.
HamburgHamburg, officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, is the second-largest city in Germany after Berlin and sixth-largest city in the European Union, with a population of over 1.9 million. The Hamburg Metropolitan Region has a population of over 5.1 million and is the tenth-largest metropolitan region by GDP in the European Union. At the base of the Jutland Peninsula, the 110 km (68 mi)-long Elbe estuary begins in Hamburg, at the confluence of the Alster and Bille.
LoanwordA loanword is a word at least partly assimilated from one language (the donor language) into another language (the recipient or target language), through the process of borrowing. Loan and borrow are here metaphorical terms that are well established in linguistics despite their acknowledged descriptive flaws: nothing is taken away (from the donor language) and there is no expectation of returning anything (from the recipient language).
Avenue (landscape)In landscaping, an avenue (from French), alameda (from Portuguese and Spanish), or allée (from French) is a straight path or road that runs between dual rows of trees or large shrubs. As its Latin origin venire ('to come') indicates, an avenue is used to emphasize the "coming to" or arrival at a landscape or architectural feature.
Post-Soviet statesThe post-Soviet states, also referred to as the former Soviet Union or the former Soviet republics, are the independent sovereign states that emerged/re-emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Prior to their independence, they existed as Union Republics, which were the top-level constituents of the Soviet Union.
Crushed stoneCrushed stone or angular rock is a form of construction aggregate, typically produced by mining a suitable rock deposit and breaking the removed rock down to the desired size using crushers. It is distinct from naturally occurring gravel, which is produced by natural processes of weathering and erosion and typically has a more rounded shape.
Gravel roadA gravel road is a type of unpaved road surfaced with gravel that has been brought to the site from a quarry or stream bed. Gravel roads are common in less-developed nations, and also in the rural areas of developed nations such as Canada and the United States. In New Zealand, and other Commonwealth countries, they may be known as metal roads.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.