DothideomycetesDothideomycetes is the largest and most diverse class of ascomycete fungi. It comprises 11 orders 90 families, 1,300 genera and over 19,000 known species. Wijayawardene et al. in 2020 added more orders to the class. Traditionally, most of its members were included in the loculoascomycetes, which is not part of the currently accepted classification.
Black yeastBlack yeasts, sometimes also black fungi, dematiaceous fungi, microcolonial fungi or meristematic fungi is a diverse group of slow-growing microfungi which reproduce mostly asexually (fungi imperfecti). Only few genera reproduce by budding cells, while in others hyphal or meristematic (isodiametric) reproduction is preponderant. Black yeasts share some distinctive characteristics, in particular a dark colouration (melanisation) of their cell wall.
AeminiaceaeThe Aeminiaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota, class Dothideomycetes. The family and the type genus are named after Aeminium, the Roman name of the city of Coimbra in Portugal, as the first species was first isolated from artwork in the Old Cathedral of Coimbra. A second genus, Saxispiralis, has since been discovered, also from a monument in Portugal.
CapnodiaceaeThe Capnodiaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycota, class Dothideomycetes. Species in the family have a widespread distribution, and are especially prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas, as well as temperate rainforests. GeneraThe following genera are included in the placement in Capnodiaceae (with amount of species); CapnodiumMont. (83)Hongsanan & K.D. Hyde (1)ConidiocarpusWoron. (includes PhragmocapniasTheiss. & Syd.)
Sooty moldSooty mold (also spelled sooty mould) is a collective term for different Ascomycete fungi, which includes many genera, commonly Cladosporium and Alternaria. It grows on plants and their fruit, but also environmental objects, like fences, garden furniture, stones, and even cars. The mold benefits from either a sugary exudate produced by the plant or fruit, or honeydew-secreting insects or sap suckers the plant may be infested by.
Piedraia hortaePiedraia hortae is a superficial fungus that exists in the soils of tropical and subtropical environments and affects both sexes of all ages. The fungus grows very slowly, forming dark hyphae, which contain chlamydoconidia cells and black colonies when grown on agar. Piedraia hortae is a dermatophyte and causes a superficial fungal infection known as black piedra, which causes the formation of black nodules on the hair shaft and leads to progressive weakening of the hair.
MycosphaerellaMycosphaerella is a genus of ascomycota. With more than 10,000 species, it is the largest genus of plant pathogen fungi. The following introduction about the fungal genus Mycosphaerella is copied (with permission) from the dissertation of W. Quaedvlieg (named: Re-evaluating Mycosphaerella and allied genera).
EpiphyteAn epiphyte (from Ancient Greek , meaning 'upon', and , meaning 'plant') is a plant or plant-like organism that grows on the surface of another plant or plant-like organism. It derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphytes grow are called phorophytes.
Plant pathologyPlant pathology or phytopathology is the scientific study of plant diseases caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Plant pathology involves the study of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases.
LichenA lichen ( LY-kən, UK also LITCH-ən) is a hybrid colony of algae or cyanobacteria living symbiotically among filaments of multiple fungus species, along with bacteria embedded in the cortex, or "skin", in a mutualistic relationship. Lichens are the lifeform that first brought the term symbiosis (as Symbiotismus) into biological context.
EndophyteAn endophyte is an endosymbiont, often a bacterium or fungus, that lives within a plant for at least part of its life cycle without causing apparent disease. Endophytes are ubiquitous and have been found in all species of plants studied to date; however, most of the endophyte/plant relationships are not well understood.
Order (taxonomy)Order (Latin: ) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. Like the other ranks, orders reflect shared ancestry; for example, all owls belong to the order Strigiformes. In biological classification systems, orders and their usage are defined by nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order.
Honeydew (excretion)Honeydew is a sugar-rich sticky liquid that is excreted by aphids, some scale insects, many other true bugs, and some other insects as they feed on plant sap. When their mouthpart penetrates the phloem, the sugary, high-pressure liquid is forced out of the anus of the insects, allowing them to rapidly process the large volume of sap required to extract essential nutrients present at low concentrations.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.