PhrygiansThe Phrygians (Greek: Φρύγες, Phruges or Phryges) were an ancient Indo-European speaking people who inhabited central-western Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) in antiquity. Ancient Greek authors used "Phrygian" as an umbrella term to describe a vast ethno-cultural complex located mainly in the central areas of Anatolia rather than a name of a single "tribe" or "people", and its ethno-linguistic homogeneity is debatable.
Ancient MacedoniansAncient Greek ethnic groupEthnic groupThe Macedonians (Ancient Greek: Μακεδόνες, romanized: Makedónes) were an ancient tribe that lived on the alluvial plain around the rivers Haliacmon and lower Axios in the northeastern part of mainland Greece.
History of AnatoliaThe history of Anatolia (often referred to in historical sources as Asia Minor) can be roughly subdivided into: Prehistory of Anatolia (up to the end of the 3rd millennium BCE), Ancient Anatolia (including Hattian, Hittite and post-Hittite periods), Classical Anatolia (including Achaemenid, Hellenistic and Roman periods), Byzantine Anatolia (later overlapping, since the 11th century, with the gradual Seljuk and Ottoman conquest), Ottoman Anatolia (14th–20th centuries) and the Modern Anatolia, since the creation of the Republic of Turkey.
HerodotusHerodotus (Ancient Greek: Ἡρόδοτος, romanised: Hēródotos; c. 484 – c. 425 BC) was a Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus (now Bodrum, Türkiye), under Persian control in the 5th century BC, and a later citizen of Thurii in modern Calabria, Italy. He wrote the Histories, a detailed account of the Greco-Persian Wars, among other subjects such as the rise of the Achaemenid dynasty of Cyrus.
BalkansThe Balkans ( BAWL-kənz, BOL-kənz), corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throughout the whole of Bulgaria.
EpirusEpirus () is a geographical and historical region in southeastern Europe, now shared between Greece and Albania. Classical Epirus roughly lay between the Pindus Mountains in the east and the Ionian Sea in the west, and between the Acroceraunian Mountains in the north and the Ambracian Gulf in the south. It is currently divided between the region of Epirus in northwestern Greece and the counties of Gjirokastër and Vlorë in southern Albania.
Greek languageIndo-European languageGreek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, romanized:elliniká; Ancient Greek: ἑλληνική, romanized:hellēnikḗ) is an Indo-European language, constituting an independent Hellenic branch within the Indo-European language family.
AnatoliaPeninsula of Turkey in Western AsiaAnatolia (Greek: Ανατολή, Turkish: Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a peninsula in West Asia that makes up the majority of the land area of Turkey. It is the westernmost protrusion of Asia and is geographically bounded by the to the south, the Aegean Sea to the west, the Bosporus, the Propontis and Hellespont to the northwest, and the Black Sea to the north.
Macedonia (ancient kingdom)Ancient Greek kingdom in the southern BalkansMacedonia ( ; Greek: Μακεδονία, Makedonía), also called Macedon ( ), was an ancientkingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, which later became the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. The kingdom was founded and initially ruled by the royal Argead dynasty, which was followed by the Antipatrid and Antigonid dynasties.
Classical antiquityAge of the ancient Greeks and RomansPericles Gives the Funeral Speech (Perikles hält die Leichenrede), by painter Philipp von Foltz (1852)LocationKey eventsGreek colonizationPeloponnesian WarWars of the DiadochiRoman RepublicPunic WarsRoman EmpireThe Parthenon is one of the most recognizable symbols of the classical era, exemplifying ancient Greek culture.The Colosseum, a prominent symbol of the Roman classical era and culture
Late Bronze Age collapseThe Late Bronze Age collapse was a period of societal collapse in the during the late 13th to early 12th century BC. It is thought to have affected much of the and Near East, in particular Egypt, Anatolia, the Aegean, eastern Libya, and the Balkans. The collapse was sudden, violent, and culturally disruptive for many Bronze Age civilizations, creating a sharp material decline for the region's previously existing powers.
HittitesThe Hittites () were an Anatolian Indo-European people who formed one of the first major civilizations of the Bronze Age in West Asia. The Hittite's ancestors migrated from the Proto-Indo-European homeland in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, arriving in central Anatolia some time before 2000 BC. They formed a succession of polities including Kussara (before 1750 BC), the Kanesh or Neša (c. 1750–1650), and then an empire with its capital at Hattusa.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.