Iron Gates (Algeria)The Iron Gates (Arabic: البيبان, known in French as Défilé des Bibans or Porte de Fer) are a mountain pass in the Bibans in Algeria. They gave their name to the Biban Range. HistoryAn 1839 French expedition under General Valée and the duc d'Orléans disregarded the clauses of the 1837 Treaty of Tafna with emir Abd el-Kader by passing through them, reigniting the war between France and Abd el-Kader's Islamic sovereignty.
Hodna MountainsThe Hodna Mountains (Arabic: جبال حضنة, French: Monts du Hodna) are a mountain massif in northeastern Algeria. It rises on the northern side of the Hodna natural region in the M'Sila Province, near the town of Maadid around 200 km southeast of Algiers. These mountains are one of the ranges of the Saharan Atlas, part of the Atlas Mountain System.
Tell AtlasThe Tell Atlas (Arabic: الاطلس التلي, al-ʾaṭlas al-tlī) is a mountain chain over 1,500 km (932 mi) in length, belonging to the Atlas mountain ranges in North Africa, stretching mainly across northern Algeria, ending in north-eastern Morocco and north-western Tunisia. The ranges of this system have an average elevation of about 1,500 m (4,900 ft) and form a natural barrier between the Mediterranean and the Sahara.
Constantine, AlgeriaConstantine (Arabic: قسنطينة, romanized: Qusanṭīnah, Tamazight: ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ, romanized: Qsnṭina), also spelled Qacentina or Kasantina, is the capital of Constantine Province in northeastern Algeria. During Roman times it was called Cirta and was renamed "Constantina" in honour of Emperor Constantine the Great. Located somewhat inland, Constantine is about 80 kilometres (50 miles) from the , on the banks of the Rhumel River.
Kabyle peopleThe Kabyle people (, Kabyle: Izwawen or Leqbayel or Iqbayliyen, pronounced [iqβæjlijən]) are a Berber ethnic group indigenous to Kabylia in the north of Algeria, spread across the Atlas Mountains, 160 kilometres (100 mi) east of Algiers. They represent the largest Berber population in Algeria and the second-largest in the whole of Africa.
AlgiersCapital and largest city of AlgeriaCapital city in AlgeriaAlgiers ( ; Arabic: الجزائر, romanized: al-Jazāʾir, pronounced, locally; French: Alger, pronounced; Algerian Tamazight: ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ, romanized: Dzayer), officially Capital City of Algiers (Arabic: الجزائر العاصمة, romanized: al-Jazāʾir al-ʿĀṣima; Algerian Tamazight: ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰⵖⵜ, romanized: Dzayer Tamaneɣt), is the capital and largest city of Algeria, located on the in the north-central portion of the country.
Kabyle languageKabyle () or Kabylian (; native name: Taqbaylit) is a Berber language spoken by the Kabyle people in the north and northeast of Algeria. It is spoken primarily in Kabylia. Estimating the number of Berber speakers is very difficult and figures are often contested. A 2004 estimate was that 9.4% of the Algerian population spoke Kabyle. The number of diaspora speakers has been estimated at one million.
CanyonA canyon (from Spanish; archaic British English spelling: cañon), gorge or chasm, is a deep cleft between escarpments or cliffs resulting from weathering and the erosive activity of a river over geologic time scales. Rivers have a natural tendency to cut through underlying surfaces, eventually wearing away rock layers as sediments are removed downstream.
French languageFrench (français or langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. Like all other Romance languages, French and its closest relatives—the langues d'oïl, historically spoken in northern France and southern Belgium—descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire. It was influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul and by the GermanicFrankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders.
AlgeriaCountry in North AfricaFlagEmblemMotto: بِالشَّعْبِ و لِلشَّعْبِBi-sh-shaʿb wa li-sh-shaʿb"By the people and for the people"Anthem: قَسَمًاQasaman"We Pledge"Capitaland largest cityAlgiers36°42′N3°13′E / 36.700°N 3.217°E / 36.700; 3.217Official languagesArabicTamazightNational vernacularAlgerian ArabicTamazightForeign languagesFrenchEnglishEthnic groupsSee Ethnic groupsReligion (2012)99% Sunni Islam (official)<1% othersDemonymAlgerianGovernmentUnitary semi-presidential republic• PresidentAbdelmadjid Tebboune• Prime MinisterSifi Ghrieb• Council PresidentAzouz Nasri• Assembly PresidentKhalida BoufedecheLegislatureParliament• Upper houseCouncil of the Nation• Lower housePeople's National AssemblyFormation• Numidia202 BC• Kingdom of Mauretania25 BC• Mauro-Roman Kingdom & Kingdom of the Aurès429• Kingdom of Altava578• Rustamid dynasty777• Zirid dynasty972• Hammadid Emirate1014• Almohad dynasty1121• Zayyanid dynasty1235• Regency of Algiers1515• French Conquest of Algeria and the Algerian popular resistance5 July 1830• Emirate of Abdelkader1832• Algerian War of Independence and the Provisional Government1 November 1954 – 19 March 1962• Independence5 July 1962Area • Total2,381,741 km (919,595 sq mi) (10th)Population• 2025 estimate 47,400,000 (32nd)• Density19/km (49.2/sq mi) (206th)GDP (PPP)2026 estimate• Total $941.544 billion (39th)• Per capita $19,677 (100th)GDP (nominal)2026 estimate• Total $317.173 billion (49th)• Per capita $6,628 (111th)Gini (2011)27.6low inequalityHDI (2023) 0.763high (96th)CurrencyAlgerian dinar (DZD)Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)Calling code+213ISO 3166 codeDZInternet TLD.dz.الجزائرAlgeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa.
Atlas MountainsThe Atlas Mountains are a mountain range in the Maghreb in North Africa. They separate the Sahara from the and the Atlantic Ocean; the mountain range stretches around 2,500 km (1,600 mi) through Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. The mountains are associated with the TitanAtlas. The range's highest peak is Toubkal, in central Morocco, with an elevation of 4,167 metres (13,671 ft). The Atlas Mountains are primarily inhabited by Berber populations.
French AlgeriaFormer French territory in North Africa (1830–1962)French Algeria, also known as Colonial Algeria, was a colony and later an integral part of France. French rule lasted from the beginning of the French conquest in 1830 until the end of the Algerian War which resulted in Algeria gaining independence on 5 July 1962.
KabyliaKabylia (or Kabylie; ; Kabyle: Tamurt n leqbayel; in Tifinagh: ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⴻⵇⴱⴰⵢⴻⵍ; Arabic: منطقة القبائل, lit. 'Area of the Tribes') is a mountainous coastal region in northern Algeria and the homeland of the Kabyle people. It is part of the Tell Atlas mountain range and is located at the edge of the Mediterranean.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.