Particle acceleratorA particle accelerator is a machine that uses electromagnetic fields to propel ions to very high speeds and energies to contain them in well-defined beams. Small accelerators are used for fundamental research in particle physics. Accelerators are also used as synchrotron light sources for the study of condensed matter physics.
ElectronThe electron (e, or β in nuclear reactions) is a subatomic particle whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge. It is an elementary particle contained in the matter that makes up the universe. All atoms are composed of electrons, as well as varying numbers protons and neutrons, but the electrons have almost 2,000 times less mass than the other two constituents.
Magnetic coreA magnetic core is a piece of magnetic material with a high magnetic permeability used to confine and guide magnetic fields in electrical, electromechanical and magnetic devices such as electromagnets, transformers, electric motors, generators, inductors, loudspeakers, magnetic recording heads, and magnetic assemblies. It is made of ferromagnetic metal such as iron, or ferrimagnetic compounds such as ferrites.
Electron gunAn electron gun (also called electron emitter) is an electrical component in some vacuum tubes that produces a narrow, collimated electron beam that has a precise kinetic energy. The largest use is in cathode-ray tubes (CRTs), used in older television sets, computer displays and oscilloscopes, before the advent of flat-panel displays.
TransformerDevice to couple energy between circuitsIn electrical engineering, a transformer is a passive component that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another circuit, or multiple circuits. A varying current in any coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core, which induces a varying electromotive force (EMF) across any other coils wound around the same core.
Vacuum chamberA vacuum chamber is a rigid enclosure from which air and other gases are removed by a vacuum pump. This results in a low-pressure environment within the chamber, commonly referred to as a vacuum. A vacuum environment allows researchers to conduct physical experiments or to test mechanical devices which must operate in outer space (for example) or for processes such as vacuum drying or vacuum coating.
Joseph SlepianJoseph Slepian (February 11, 1891 – December 19, 1969) was an American electrical engineer known for his contributions to the developments of electrical apparatus and theory. Born in Boston, MA of Russian immigrants, he studied mathematics at Harvard University, from which he was awarded a B.Sc. (1911), an M.Sc.
Ernest WaltonErnest Thomas Sinton Walton (6 October 1903 – 25 June 1995) was an Irish experimental physicist. He shared the 1951 Nobel Prize in Physics with John Cockcroft "for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles." According to their Nobel Prize speech: "Thus, for the first time, a nuclear transmutation was produced by means entirely under human control."
Rolf WiderøeRolf Widerøe (11 July 1902 – 11 October 1996) was a Norwegianaccelerator physicist who was the originator of many particle acceleration concepts, including the resonance accelerator and the betatron accelerator. Early lifeWiderøe was born in Kristiania (now Oslo) in 1902 as a son of the mercantile agent Theodor Widerøe (1868–1947) and Carla Johanne Launer (1875–1971).
Alternating currentAlternating current (green curve). The horizontal axis measures time (it also represents zero voltage/current); the vertical, current or voltage.Alternating current (AC) is an electric current that periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time, in contrast to direct current (DC), which flows only in one direction.
TorusIn geometry, a torus (pl.: tori or toruses) is a surface of revolution generated by revolving a circle in three-dimensional space one full revolution about an axis that is coplanar with the circle. The main types of tori include ring tori, horn tori, and spindle tori. A ring torus is sometimes colloquially referred to as a doughnut.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.