MakuriaMedieval kingdom in Lower NubiaToday part ofSudanEgyptMakuria (Old Nubian: ⲇⲱⲧⲁⲩⲟ, Dotawo; Greek: Μακουρία, romanized: Makouria; Arabic: المقرة, romanized: al-Muqurra) was a medievalNubiankingdom in what is today northern Sudan and southern Egypt. Its capital was Dongola (Old Nubian: ⲧⲟⲩⲅⲅⲟⲩⲗ, Touggoul) in the fertile Dongola Reach, about halfway between the 3rd and 4th Nile cataract.
Kingdom of KushToday part ofSudanEgyptThe Kingdom of Kush, also known as the Kushite Empire, or simply Kush, was an ancient kingdom in Nubia, centered along the Nile Valley in what is now northern Sudan and southern Egypt. The region of Nubia was an early cradle of civilization, producing several complex societies that engaged in trade and industry.
Soba (city)Soba is an archaeological site and former town in what is now central Sudan. It was the capital of the medieval Nubian kingdom of Alodia from the sixth century until around 1500. E. A. Wallis Budge identified it with a group of ruins on the Blue Nile 19 kilometres (12 mi) from Khartoum, where there are remains of a Meroitic temple that had been converted into a Christian church.
Medieval GreekMedieval Greek (also known as Middle Greek, Byzantine Greek, or Romaic; Greek: Ῥωμαϊκή) is the stage of the Greek language between the end of classical antiquity in the 5th–6th centuries and the end of the Middle Ages, conventionally dated to the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453. From the 7th century onwards, Greek was the only language of administration and government in the Byzantine Empire. This stage of language is thus described as Byzantine Greek.
KhartoumKhartoum, also spelled Khartum, is the capital and most populous city of Sudan as well as Khartoum State. With an estimated population of 7.1 million people, Greater Khartoum is the largest urban area in Sudan. Khartoum is located at the confluence of the White Nile – flowing north from Lake Victoria – and the Blue Nile, flowing west from Lake Tana in Ethiopia.
White NileThe White Nile (Arabic: النيل الأبيضan-nīl al-'abyaḍ) is a river in North and East Africa. It is the less voluminous, but longer (and wider and shallower), of the two major tributaries of the Nile, the larger being the Blue Nile. The name "White" comes from the clay sediment carried in the water which gives the water a pale color.
Blue NileThe Blue Nile is a river originating at Lake Tana in Ethiopia. It travels for approximately 1,450 km (900 mi) through Ethiopia and Sudan. Along with the White Nile, it is one of the two major tributaries of the Nile and supplies about 85.6% of the water to the Nile during the rainy season. CourseThe distance of the river from its source to its confluence has been variously reported between 1,460 and 1,600 kilometres (910 and 990 mi).
NobatiaMedieval kingdom in Lower Nubia Nobatiaⲙⲓⲅⲛ̅ⲙⲓⲅⲓⲧⲛ︦ ⲅⲟⲩⲗc. 400–7th centuryNobatia and the other Christian Nubian kingdoms.CapitalPachorasCommon languagesNubianGreekCopticReligion Isis cult Coptic Orthodox Christianity (From 543)GovernmentMonarchyKing of Nobatia • 450 A.D Silko (first known king) Historical eraLate Antiquity/Early Middle Ages• Established c. 400• Integrated into Makuria 7th century Preceded by Succeeded by Kingdom of Kush Makuria Today part ofSudanEgypt Nobatia /noʊˈbeɪʃə/ or Nobadia (/noʊˈbeɪdiə/; Greek: Νοβαδία, Nobadia; Old Nubian: ⲙⲓⲅⲛ̅ Migin or ⲙⲓⲅⲓⲧⲛ︦ ⲅⲟⲩⲗ, Migitin Goul lit.
Old NubianOld Nubian (also called Old Nobiin) is an extinct Nubian language, attested in writing from the 8th to the 15th century AD. It is ancestral to modern-day Nobiin and closely related to Dongolawi and Kenzi. It was used throughout the kingdom of Makuria, including the eparchy of Nobatia.
ChristianityAbrahamic monotheistic religion
ArabicCentral Semitic languageArabic is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns language codes to 32 varieties of Arabic, including its standard form of Literary Arabic, known as Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic.
Middle AgesA medieval stained glass panel from Canterbury Cathedral, c. 1175 – c. 1180, depicting the Parable of the Sower, a biblical narrativeDurationc.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.