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Major General Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of ...
Åke Mangård (21 January 1917 – 24 March 1998) was a Swedish Air Force officer. His senior commands include commanding officer of the
Göta Wing Göta Wing ( sv, Göta flygflottilj), also F 9 Säve, or simply F 9, was a Swedish Air Force wing with the main base located near Gothenburg in south-west Sweden. History The decision to set up the air wing was made in 1936 to defend the impor ...
(F 9) from 1959 to 1960, Vice Chief of the Defence Staff from 1960 to 1961 and commanding officer of the Fourth Air Group from 1964 to 1966. After retiring from the military in 1966, Mangård worked for North American Aviation in
Los Angeles Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the List of municipalities in California, largest city in the U.S. state, state of California and the List of United States cities by population, sec ...
and for
SKF AB SKF (Swedish: ''Svenska Kullagerfabriken''; 'Swedish Ball Bearing Factory') is a Swedish bearing and seal manufacturing company founded in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1907. The company manufactures and supplies bearings, seals, lubrication and l ...
in Gothenburg,
Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and List of cities in Japan, largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, ...
and
Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the Largest cities of the Europ ...
. He settled in Madrid where he lived until his death in 1998.


Early life

Mangård was born on 21 January 1917 in
Västerås Västerås ( , , ) is a city in central Sweden on the shore of Lake Mälaren in the province of Västmanland, west of Stockholm. The city had a population of 127,799 at the end of 2019, out of the municipal total of 154,049. Västerås is the se ...
, Sweden, the son of Carl Mangård, an editor, and his wife Märtha (née Isaacsson). His brother was the judge Nils Mangård who late became chairman of the National Board for Consumer Complaints. He passed ''
studentexamen Studentexamen (Swedish for "students' examination" or "students' degree"), earlier also ''mogenhetsexamen'' ("maturity examination") was the name of the university A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and r ...
'' in Västerås in 1936 and started his flight training at the
Swedish Air Force Flying School Swedish Air Force Flying School ( sv, Krigsflygskolan), also F 5 Ljungbyhed, or simply F 5, is a former Swedish Air Force training wing with the main base located in Ljungbyhed in southern Sweden. History The moor at Ljungby was adopted for mili ...
in
Ljungbyhed Ljungbyhed is a locality situated in Klippan Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden, with 2,046 inhabitants in 2010. History Ljungbyhed was and is located in Riseberga ''socken'' and was part of the Riseberga ''landskommun'' after the municipal refor ...
where he graduated at the top of his class as a fighter pilot.


Career

Mangård was commissioned into the Swedish Air Force as a second lieutenant in 1939. He did not leave Ljungbyhed but stayed another couple of years and trained to become a flight instructor. Mangård was promoted to lieutenant in 1941 and to captain in 1946 after passing the General Course at the
Royal Swedish Air Force Staff College __NOTOC__ Royal Swedish Air Force Staff College ( sv, Flygkrigshögskolan, FKHS) was established in 1939 and located in Stockholm. It was under the command of the Chief of the Swedish Air Force. From the start, one-year higher courses in staff ser ...
. He then passed the Staff Course from 1946 to 1947. Mangård was promoted to major in 1951 and served as commanding officer in the Operations Command of the Air Staff from 1953 to 1956. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1955 and served as commanding officer of the Royal Swedish Air Force College (''Flygkadettskolan'') from 1956 to 1959 when he was promoted to colonel and appointed commanding officer of the
Göta Wing Göta Wing ( sv, Göta flygflottilj), also F 9 Säve, or simply F 9, was a Swedish Air Force wing with the main base located near Gothenburg in south-west Sweden. History The decision to set up the air wing was made in 1936 to defend the impor ...
(F 9) at
Säve Säve is a locality situated in Göteborg Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It had 743 inhabitants in 2010. The origin of the name ''Säve'' is the Old Swedish word "sjöe" (Modern Swedish "sjö"), meaning "lake". See also * F 9 ...
airbase near Gothenburg. One year later, in 1960, Mangård attended the
Swedish National Defence College The Swedish Defence University ( sv, Försvarshögskolan, FHS) is situated on Drottning Kristinas väg 37 in Östermalm, Stockholm City Centre, next to the campus of the Royal Institute of Technology. History Today's Swedish Defence University ...
and was then appointed Vice Chief of the Defence Staff, a position he held for one year before being appointed commanding officer of OpL II (War Planning) section of the Defence Staff' Operations Command in 1961. In 1964, Mangård was appointed commanding officer of the Fourth Air Group (''Fjärde flygeskadern'', E 4) in Luleå and in 1965 he was promoted to major general. He left the military in 1966. After retiring from the military, Mangård was appointed Corporate Director of International Programs of North American Aviation (later
North American Rockwell Corporation Rockwell International was a major American manufacturing conglomerate involved in aircraft, the space industry, defense and commercial electronics, components in the automotive industry, printing presses, avionics and industrial products. Ro ...
) in
Los Angeles Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the List of municipalities in California, largest city in the U.S. state, state of California and the List of United States cities by population, sec ...
in 1961, in charge of international marketing of North American projects. In 1970, Mangård started working for
SKF AB SKF (Swedish: ''Svenska Kullagerfabriken''; 'Swedish Ball Bearing Factory') is a Swedish bearing and seal manufacturing company founded in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1907. The company manufactures and supplies bearings, seals, lubrication and l ...
in Gothenburg. He then worked for SKF in
Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and List of cities in Japan, largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, ...
from 1971 to 1974 and in
Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the Largest cities of the Europ ...
from 1974 to 1985 when he retired. Mangård then continued working for Empresa Nacional de Electronica y Sistemas SA (INISEL) in Madrid from 1985 to 1988.


Personal life

Mangård was married 1939-1967 to Anna-Lisa Hedberg (born 1918), the daughter of ''
ryttmästare ''Ryttmästare'' (from the German word ''Rittmeister'') was a military rank in the Swedish cavalry in the Swedish Army. The rank corresponded to the rank of captain in other service branches. The rank was abolished in 1972. History The military ...
'' Axel Hedberg and his wife Lisa (née Zickermann). He was the father of Kerstin (born 1942), Gunilla (born 1943) and Carl-Axel (born 1946). In 1968 he married Rosemary Menzies-Whigham (born 1929), the daughter of William Menzies-Whigham and Honoria (née Bewicke).


Dates of rank

*1939 – Second lieutenant *1941 –
Lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often ...
*1946 – Captain *1951 – Major *1955 – Lieutenant colonel *1959 –
Colonel Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge o ...
*1965 –
Major general Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of ...


Awards and decorations


Swedish

* Commander of the
Order of the Sword The Royal Order of the Sword (officially: ''Royal Order of the Sword''; Swedish: ''Kungliga Svärdsorden'') is a Swedish order of chivalry and military decoration created by King Frederick I of Sweden on February 23, 1748, together with the ...
(6 June 1963) * Knight of the
Order of Vasa The Royal Order of Vasa () is a Swedish order of chivalry, awarded to citizens of Sweden for service to state and society especially in the fields of agriculture, mining and commerce. It was instituted on 29 May 1772 by King Gustav III. It was u ...
* Stockholm Defense Committee's silver medal (''Stockholms försvarskommittés silvermedalj'')


Foreign

* Portuguese Order of Military Merit * French Air Force Aeronautical Badge * Turkish Air Force Aeronautical Badge


Honours

*Member of the
Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences The Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences ( sv, Kungliga Krigsvetenskapsakademien) is one of the Royal Academies in Sweden and was founded on 12 November 1796 by Gustaf Wilhelm af Tibell. The academy is an independent organization and a forum for m ...
(1959)


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mangard, Ake 1917 births 1998 deaths Swedish Air Force major generals People from Västerås Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences Commanders of the Order of the Sword Knights of the Order of Vasa Swedish expatriates in the United States Swedish expatriates in Japan Swedish emigrants to Spain