Zürichhorn is a
river delta
A river delta is a landform, archetypically triangular, created by the deposition of the sediments that are carried by the waters of a river, where the river merges with a body of slow-moving water or with a body of stagnant water. The creat ...
on
Zürichsee's eastern shore in the lower basin of the lake. The area is part of the parks and quays in the
Seefeld quarter of the city of
Zürich
Zurich (; ) is the list of cities in Switzerland, largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is in north-central Switzerland, at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich. , the municipality had 448,664 inhabitants. The ...
in
Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland ...
. The gardens are one of the most popular recreational areas within the city of Zürich.
Geography
Zürichhorn was formed mainly by the ''Hornbach'' stream, also known as ''Wildbach'' and ''Werenbach'', which flows, as of today embedded into a concrete canal, between ''Tiefenbrunnen'' lido and the landing gate of the
Zürichsee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft (ZSG) into Lake Zürich. Ending the
last glacial period when the
Linth
The Linth (pronounced "lint") is a Switzerland, Swiss river that rises near the Linthal, Glarus, village of Linthal in the mountains of the cantons of Switzerland, canton of canton of Glarus, Glarus, and eventually flows into the Obersee (Züri ...
glacier retreated, the ''Wehrenbach'' stream dug over through the Linth glacier's
moraine
A moraine is any accumulation of unconsolidated debris (regolith and Rock (geology), rock), sometimes referred to as glacial till, that occurs in both currently and formerly glaciated regions, and that has been previously carried along by a gla ...
, met the rocky ground, the so-called
molasse
__NOTOC__
In geology, "molasse" () are sandstones, shales and conglomerates that form as terrestrial or shallow marine deposits in front of rising mountain chains. The molasse deposits accumulate in a foreland basin, especially on top of flys ...
, and by its
attachment the
river delta
A river delta is a landform, archetypically triangular, created by the deposition of the sediments that are carried by the waters of a river, where the river merges with a body of slow-moving water or with a body of stagnant water. The creat ...
at the Zürichhorn respectively the Seefeld quarter was formed.
Transportation
Zürichhorn can be reached preferably by foot (20 minutes from Bellevue) or by public transportation:
Zürich tram routes
2 and
4 and bus line 33 to stops ''Höschgasse'' or ''Fröhlichstrasse'', or bus lines 912 and 916 from ''Bellevue'' to ''
Chinagarten''. During Summer season, three
Limmat
The Limmat is a river in Switzerland. The river commences at the outfall of Lake Zurich, in the southern part of the city of Zurich. From Zurich it flows in a northwesterly direction, continuing a further 35 km until it reaches the river A ...
boats provide round trips between
Landesmuseum–
Wollishofen–Zürichhorn-Landesmuseum on the river
Limmat
The Limmat is a river in Switzerland. The river commences at the outfall of Lake Zurich, in the southern part of the city of Zurich. From Zurich it flows in a northwesterly direction, continuing a further 35 km until it reaches the river A ...
through the city of Zürich respectively Zürichhorn is a stop of the roundtrips on Lake Zürich provided by
Zürichsee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft (ZSG).
Water airport Zürichhorn
In Summer 1910
''Wagenfabrik C. & R. Geissberger'' provided first test flights with so-called ''Hydroplanes'' (
flying boat
A flying boat is a type of seaplane with a hull, allowing it to land on water. It differs from a floatplane in having a fuselage that is purpose-designed for flotation, while floatplanes rely on fuselage-mounted floats for buoyancy.
Though ...
s) at Zürichhorn. Initiated by
Oskar Bider and Fritz Rihner, in July 1919 the «Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Lufttourismus» was established in Zürich. Tourist flights with flying boats were planned from sites at Zürichhorn, in Geneva, Interlaken/Thun, Locarno, Lugano, Lucerne, Lausanne-Ouchy, Romanshorn and St. Moritz. Switzerland, with its numerous lakes, appeared predestined for the use of seaplanes, so that no expensive airports had to be built. Oskar Bider was killed in an accident before the ambitious project was realized, but from Zürichhorn respectively (as of 2010) the area of the ''Strandbad Tiefenbrunnen'' (lido) the Swiss airline operated with
seaplane
A seaplane is a powered fixed-wing aircraft capable of takeoff, taking off and water landing, landing (alighting) on water.Gunston, "The Cambridge Aerospace Dictionary", 2009. Seaplanes are usually divided into two categories based on their tech ...
s, among them seven
Macchi-Nieuport and five
Savoia flying boats and the first large flying boat,
Dornier Wal.
Quaianlagen
Hafen Riesbach, meaning Riesbach harbour area is situated between
Seefeldquai and
Blatterwiese. The harbour itself is as the Enge harbour used as a private-owned marina. In 2004 the old kiosk at the popular open lido at ''Riesbachstrasse'' was replaced by a polygonal pavilion was designed by the architects Andreas Furrimann and Gabrielle Hächler, and now houses a small restaurant. As well as the
Seefeldquai, it is part of the historical
Quaianlagen, and combines park designs from different design periods. The stone pillar ''Klausstud'' originally stood in the lake and served as a border designation of the medieval right of ban of the city republic of Zürich. At that place also ended the fishing rights of the urban fishermen, and from here the
Einsiedeln Abbey pilgrims proved their honour to the Protestantic city by lowering the volume of their prayers and songs. Since the landfills in the construction of the quais, the pillar stands in the middle of the park. The sculpture by
Henry Moore
Henry Spencer Moore (30 July 1898 – 31 August 1986) was an English artist. He is best known for his semi-abstract art, abstract monumental Bronze sculpture, bronze sculptures which are located around the world as public works of art. Moore ...
named ''Sheep Peace'' was donated in 1976.
The
Pavillon Le Corbusier, an art museum dedicated to the work of the Swiss architect Le Corbusier, is situated between Seefeldquai and Blatterwiese. Between Blatterwiese and ''Bellerivestrasse'', in 1993 the
Chinese Garden Zürich was inaugurated.
Sights include the spacious parks and quais with various sculptures including
Jean Tinguely
Jean Tinguely (22 May 1925 – 30 August 1991) was a Swiss sculptor best known for his kinetic art sculptural machines (known officially as Métamatics) that extended the Dada tradition into the later part of the 20th century.Chilvers, Ian; Gl ...
's ''Heureka'',
''Chinagarten Zürich'' at
Blatterwiese, and in the northeast the last Le Corbusier-designed building, the formerly named ''Heidi-Weber-Museum'' now
Pavillon Le Corbusier.
On the southeastern side of the delta is the ''
Strandbad Tiefenbrunnen''. The ''Restaurant Fischstube'' was built as part of the Swiss national exhibition 1939 and is claimed to be the only house within the city of Zürich with a thatched roof.
Among the many major events at Zürichhorn are the ''Schweizerische Landesausstellung'' 1939 (Swiss national exposition, commonly ''Landi39''),
''Schweizerische Gartenbauausstellung G59'' in 1959, and in 1991 the national research exhibition ''Heureka''. Since 1989, ''Kino am See'' (cinema on lake), the largest open-air cinema in Switzerland, takes place between mid-July and mid-August at Zürichhorn on the Lake Zürich shore. The lakeside parks are annually frequented by 2.5 million visitors.
Zürich - Chinagarten IMG 0047.JPG, Chinese Garden
The Chinese garden is a landscape garden style which has evolved over three thousand years. It includes both the vast gardens of the Emperor of China, Chinese emperors and members of the imperial family, built for pleasure and to impress, and t ...
Zürich - Seefeld - Centre Le Courbusier IMG 1111 ShiftN.jpg, Pavillon Le Corbusier
Zürich - Seefeld - Heureka IMG 5475.JPG, Jean Tinguely
Jean Tinguely (22 May 1925 – 30 August 1991) was a Swiss sculptor best known for his kinetic art sculptural machines (known officially as Métamatics) that extended the Dada tradition into the later part of the 20th century.Chilvers, Ian; Gl ...
's ''Heureka''
Zürich - Seefeld - Zürihorn IMG 2657.JPG, Kugelbrunnen, a relict of the Phenomena exhibition of 1984
Alopochen aegyptiacus - Zürich Zürichhorn IMG 8484.JPG, Alopochen aegyptiacus at Zürichhorn
'Fischstube' am Zürichhorn - ZSG Helvetia 2015-09-09 18-10-56.JPG, Restaurant ''Fischstube''
Zürich - Seefeld IMG 0069.JPG, Casino ''Lake Side Zürichhorn''
Zürich - Seefeld - Zürihorn - Tiefenbrunnen IMG 3703.JPG, '' Strandbad Tiefenbrunnen'' lido
Zürich - Seefeld - Zürihorn IMG 0364.jpg, ZSG Paddle steamer ''Stadt Zürich'' at Zürichhorn landing gate
History
In 1238 the ''Otinbach'' stream is first mentioned, which can be derived from "Otto's stream", from
Old High German
Old High German (OHG; ) is the earliest stage of the German language, conventionally identified as the period from around 500/750 to 1050. Rather than representing a single supra-regional form of German, Old High German encompasses the numerous ...
''ôt'' meaning heritage. The then used name ''Oetenbach'' may refer to the river on whose banks an estate, fishing or other rights were situated.
Website Cicerone Performance: ''Die Oetenbachgasse in der minderen Stadt''
/ref> About the same time, at Zürichhorn the Oetenbach Nunnery was established, lacking experience on swampy ground; therefore around 1280/85 the Dominican sisters of the convent moved to ''Sihlbühl'' at Lindenhof hill
The Lindenhof (''"Tilia, linden yard"'') is a moraine hill and public square in the historic center of Zurich, Switzerland. It is the site of the Switzerland in the Roman era, Roman and Carolingian era Kaiserpfalz around which the city has histor ...
within the fortifications of the city of Zürich, and also to finance the northern town wall.
In the 16/17th century rich Zürich citizens built their country seats outside the town walls of the city of Zürich on lakeshore in the Seefeld quarter. In the 1840s several construction companies settled around Zürichhorn: raw material was delivered on the lake respectively shore-based on (as of today) ''Fröhlichstrasse''. The then ''Hornegg'' was developed until the end of the 19th century as the local center of construction and ship building companies. In 1894 the railway line ''Rechtsufrige Zürichseebahn'' was established, and since then most of the companies have moved to the more attractive Industriequartier in the western parts of the city of Zürich.[Website Gang dur Alt-Zürich: ''Das Zürichhorn und die Zivilaviatik''](_blank)
/ref>
1879/81 the ''Wildbach'' was corrected to avoid recurrent flooding of the former municipality of Riesbach (as of today Zürich's district number 8). The stream was discharged to the south of Lake Zürich, and from then, it was called ''Hornbach'' nearby its mouth. Opening the Lake Zürich quais, in 1887 the park area was expanded from ''Seefeld-Quai'' to Zürichhorn, in order to promote ''companionship, recreation and amusement''. A spacious park landscape was built by the landscape architects Otto Froebel and Evariste Mertens.[Official website of the city of Zürich (Grün Stadt Zürich): ''Zürichhorn''](_blank)
/ref>
Cultural heritage of national importance
Zürichhorn is listed in the as a ''Class A'' object of national importance.
References
External links
{{DEFAULTSORT:Zurichhorn
Buildings and structures in Zurich
Geography of Zurich
Tourist attractions in Zurich
River deltas of Europe
Cultural property of national significance in the canton of Zurich
Parks in Zurich
Lake Zurich
District 8 of Zurich