Yiğittaşı is a (neighbourhood) in the municipality and district of

Pasinler Pasinler or Basean (; ; ka, ბასიანი, tr; ; ; formerly Hasankale and Hesenqele 'the fortress of Hasan'), is a municipality and district of Erzurum Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,134 km2, and its population is 27,055 (2022). It ...

Erzurum Province Erzurum Province () is a province and metropolitan municipality in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Its area is 25,006 km2, and its population is 749,754 (2022). The capital of the province is the city of Erzurum. It is the fourth lar ...

in Turkey. Its population is 294 (2022).

Sos Höyük

Sos Höyük is an archaeological mound that is located within the village ( :tr:Sos Höyük). The name of the mound comes from 'Sosköyü', the old name of the village. The settlement started from the Late Chalcolithic Age. The main excavations were carried out under the direction of

Antonio Sagona Antonio (Tony) Giuseppe Sagona (1956 – 2017), was an archaeologist and classics professor who taught at the University of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia. Tony Sagona was born in Tripoli, Libya, on April 30, 1956. Accompanying his parents, ...

between 1994 and 2000. The village is situated at an altitude of 1800m in the narrow Pasinler Valley, which represents a convenient route through the mountains of Eastern Anatolia to Western Turkey from Iran and the Caucasus. It is located in the highlands where the upper

Araxes river The Aras is a transboundary river in the Caucasus. It rises in eastern Turkey and flows along the borders between Turkey and Armenia, between Turkey and the Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan, between Iran and both Azerbaijan and Armenia, and, fin ...

and the upper

Euphrates The Euphrates ( ; see #Etymology, below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of West Asia. Tigris–Euphrates river system, Together with the Tigris, it is one of the two defining rivers of Mesopotamia (). Originati ...

river come close together. In the late 4th millennium BC (Late Chalcolithic), Sos Höyük was initially settled by the representatives of

Kura–Araxes culture The Kura–Araxes culture (also named ''Kur–Araz culture, Mtkvari–Araxes culture, Early Transcaucasian culture, Shengavitian culture'') was an archaeological culture that existed from about 4000 BC until about 2000 BC, which has traditionally ...

, and they continued in this area through most of the Bronze Age. The lifestyle of the early villagers included elements of

transhumance Transhumance is a type of pastoralism or Nomad, nomadism, a seasonal movement of livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures. In montane regions (''vertical transhumance''), it implies movement between higher pastures in summer and low ...

. Some evidence for early metal production has also been uncovered at Sos Höyük, such as

crucible A crucible is a container in which metals or other substances may be melted or subjected to very high temperatures. Although crucibles have historically tended to be made out of clay, they can be made from any material that withstands temperat ...

s.Toby C. Wilkinson 2014
Tying the Threads of Eurasia: Trans-regional Routes and Material Flows in Transcaucasia, eastern Anatolia and western Central Asia, c.3000-1500 BC.
Sidestone Press, Leiden. p. 170

References

Neighbourhoods in Pasinler District Kura-Araxes culture {{Erzurum-geo-stub