''Ye'' ( ) is the eighth studio album by the American rapper
Kanye West
Ye ( ; born Kanye Omari West ; June 8, 1977) is an American rapper, singer and record producer. One of the most prominent figures in hip-hop, he is known for his varying musical style and polarizing cultural and political commentary. After ...
. It was released on June 1, 2018, through
GOOD Music
GOOD Music (often stylized as G.O.O.D. Music; a backronym for Getting Out Our Dreams) is an American independent record label founded by rapper Kanye West in 2004. The label entered an exclusive long-term worldwide music distribution, distributi ...
and distributed by
Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.
The l ...
. Following controversy surrounding an interview with
TMZ
''TMZ'' is an American entertainment-focused tabloid news organization owned by Fox Corporation. It made its debut on November 8, 2005, as a collaboration between AOL and Telepictures, a division of Warner Bros., until Time Warner divested ...
, West re-recorded all the work on the album, with him completing it over the course of just two weeks at West Lake Ranch in
Jackson Hole, Wyoming
Jackson Hole (originally called Jackson's Hole by mountain men) is a valley between the Gros Ventre Range, Gros Ventre and Teton Range, Teton mountain ranges in the U.S. state of Wyoming, near the border with Idaho, in Teton County, Wyoming, T ...
. Guest vocals from
Ty Dolla Sign
Tyrone William Griffin Jr. (born April 13, 1982), known professionally as Ty Dolla Sign (stylized as Ty Dolla $ign or Ty$), is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, and record producer. Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Griffin gai ...
,
Kid Cudi
Scott Ramon Seguro Mescudi (born January 30, 1984), also known by his stage name Kid Cudi ( ; formerly stylized as KiD CuDi), is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, actor, and fashion designer. Born and raised in Clevelan ...
,
070 Shake,
Charlie Wilson,
Jeremih
Jeremy Phillip Felton (born July 17, 1987), known professionally as Jeremih ( ), is an American Contemporary R&B, R&B singer. He embarked on a musical career after meeting record producer Mick Schultz in 2008, and signed a recording contract wi ...
, and
PartyNextDoor
Jahron Anthony Brathwaite (born July 3, 1993), known professionally as PartyNextDoor (often stylized in all caps), is a Canadian singer, songwriter, rapper and record producer. He was the first artist to sign with Drake's record label OVO Sound ...
, among others, are included; only the latter is properly credited as a featured artist.
West produced ''Ye'' with
Mike Dean, alongside numerous others. Succeeding the release of
Pusha T
Terrence LeVarr Thornton (born May 13, 1977), better known by his stage name Pusha T, is an American rapper. He rose to prominence as one half of the Virginia-based hip hop duo Clipse, which he formed with his older brother No Malice, Malice. M ...
's ''
Daytona'', the album was the second of five albums produced by West in what were referred to as the "Wyoming Sessions", which were set to be released weekly. It preceded the release of West's collaborative album with Kid Cudi, as
Kids See Ghosts
Kids See Ghosts (stylized in all caps) were an American hip hop superduo composed of rappers Kanye West and Kid Cudi. Formed during West's 2018 Wyoming sessions, the duo's first album ''Kids See Ghosts'' was released in June of that year by ...
, titled ''
Kids See Ghosts
Kids See Ghosts (stylized in all caps) were an American hip hop superduo composed of rappers Kanye West and Kid Cudi. Formed during West's 2018 Wyoming sessions, the duo's first album ''Kids See Ghosts'' was released in June of that year by ...
''. The latter's release was succeeded by that of
Nas
Nas (born 1973) is the stage name of American rapper Nasir Jones.
Nas, NaS, or NAS may also refer to:
Aviation
* Nasair, a low-cost airline carrier and subsidiary based in Eritrea
* National Air Services, an airline in Saudi Arabia
** Nas Air (S ...
' ''
Nasir'', and
Teyana Taylor's ''
K.T.S.E.
''K.T.S.E.'' (an initialism of ''Keep That Same Energy'') is the second studio album by American recording artist Teyana Taylor, released on June 22, 2018, by GOOD Music and Def Jam Recordings.
Following the release of ''VII (Teyana Taylor alb ...
''. West held a listening party for ''Ye'' on May 31, 2018, which was livestreamed from Jackson Hole.
"
Yikes" and "
All Mine" were released as
singles in the summer of 2018 in support of ''Ye'', with a
lyric video
A music video is a video that integrates a song or an album with imagery that is produced for promotional or musical artistic purposes. Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a music marketing device intended to promote the sale of m ...
being released for the latter simultaneously with one for non-single "
Violent Crimes". Both of the singles attained top 20 positions on the US
''Billboard'' Hot 100, while the album received generally favorable reviews from
music critics
Music journalism (or music criticism) is media criticism and reporting about music topics, including popular music, classical music, and traditional music. Journalists began writing about music in the eighteenth century, providing commentary on ...
. The majority of them drew comparisons between the latter and West's previous works, while other critics had somewhat mixed feelings towards the lyrical content. It was named as one of the best albums of 2018 by multiple publications.
''Ye'' gave West his eighth consecutive studio album to debut at number one on the US
''Billboard'' 200, tying him with
Eminem
Marshall Bruce Mathers III (born October 17, 1972), known professionally as Eminem, is an American rapper, songwriter, and record producer. Regarded as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time, he is credited with popula ...
's record. It was also a chart topper in Australia, Canada, Estonia, Ireland, and New Zealand, becoming West's second number one album in the first of the five territories. Top five positions were further attained in the Czech Republic, Denmark, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The album has been certified
platinum
Platinum is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a density, dense, malleable, ductility, ductile, highly unreactive, precious metal, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Its name origina ...
and gold in the United States and the UK by the
Recording Industry Association of America
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is a trade organization that represents the music recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors that the RIAA says "create, manufacture, and/o ...
(RIAA) and
British Phonographic Industry
BPI (British Recorded Music Industry) Limited, trading as British Phonographic Industry (BPI), is the British recorded music industry's trade association. It runs the BRIT Awards; is home to the Mercury Prize; co-owns the Official Charts C ...
(BPI), respectively.
Background and recording
On February 24, 2016,
Kanye West
Ye ( ; born Kanye Omari West ; June 8, 1977) is an American rapper, singer and record producer. One of the most prominent figures in hip-hop, he is known for his varying musical style and polarizing cultural and political commentary. After ...
tweeted that his eighth studio album would be released during the summer of that year under the title of ''Turbo Grafx 16'', naming it after
the video game console of the same name. West associate Ibn Jasper posted a photo on
Instagram
Instagram is an American photo sharing, photo and Short-form content, short-form video sharing social networking service owned by Meta Platforms. It allows users to upload media that can be edited with Social media camera filter, filters, be ...
showing West with longtime collaborators
Mike Dean,
Plain Pat, and
Kid Cudi
Scott Ramon Seguro Mescudi (born January 30, 1984), also known by his stage name Kid Cudi ( ; formerly stylized as KiD CuDi), is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, actor, and fashion designer. Born and raised in Clevelan ...
in a recording studio working on the album. In March 2016,
Quavo posted an image on his Instagram of him in a studio with West, with "''TURBO GRAFX 16''" written on the wall behind them. A number of other artists were present in the image, including
Lil Yachty,
Big Sean
Sean Michael Leonard Anderson (born March 25, 1988), known professionally as Big Sean, is an American rapper. He met Kanye West as a teenager, and signed with his record label GOOD Music, an imprint of Def Jam Recordings in 2007. He gained popul ...
, and
Tyler, the Creator
Tyler Gregory Okonma (born March 6, 1991), known professionally as Tyler, the Creator, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. He has been cited as an influential figure in alternative hip-hop during the 2010s. Tyler beca ...
. The expected release of the album in the summer of 2016 was not met, while West began his
Saint Pablo Tour in August that year, in support of his seventh studio album ''
The Life of Pablo
''The Life of Pablo'' is the seventh studio album by American rapper Kanye West. It was released on February 14, 2016, through GOOD Music and distributed by Def Jam Recordings. Recording sessions took place from 2013 to 2016, in Italy, Mexico, ...
'' that had been released in February.
The tour ended abruptly, with 22 out of 41 dates being cancelled, after West, on his
Sacramento
Sacramento ( or ; ; ) is the capital city of the U.S. state of California and the seat of Sacramento County. Located at the confluence of the Sacramento and American Rivers in Northern California's Sacramento Valley, Sacramento's 2020 p ...
stop, embarked on a rant lasting roughly 20 minutes, ending the show.
In May 2017, news began to surface that West was working on his new album "on top of a mountain in
Wyoming
Wyoming ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States, Western United States. It borders Montana to the north and northwest, South Dakota and Nebraska to the east, Idaho t ...
" in seclusion. In March 2018, similar reports had emerged through various artists, including West himself, who was being spotted in
Jackson Hole, Wyoming
Jackson Hole (originally called Jackson's Hole by mountain men) is a valley between the Gros Ventre Range, Gros Ventre and Teton Range, Teton mountain ranges in the U.S. state of Wyoming, near the border with Idaho, in Teton County, Wyoming, T ...
, with a release date being expected for either 2018 or 2019 at the time. A number of other artists were pictured or rumored, including Kid Cudi,
Nas
Nas (born 1973) is the stage name of American rapper Nasir Jones.
Nas, NaS, or NAS may also refer to:
Aviation
* Nasair, a low-cost airline carrier and subsidiary based in Eritrea
* National Air Services, an airline in Saudi Arabia
** Nas Air (S ...
,
King Louie,
Pi'erre Bourne
Jordan Timothy Jenks (born September 19, 1993), known professionally as Pi'erre Bourne (), is an American record producer, rapper, singer, songwriter, and audio engineer. He is known for producing the 2017 singles " Magnolia" for Playboi Carti ...
,
ASAP Bari,
Wheezy,
The-Dream
Terius Adamu Ya Gesteelde-Diamant ('' né'' Youngdell Nash; born September 20, 1977), known professionally as The-Dream, is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. He is known for having written or co-produced songs for artists in ...
,
Travis Scott and
the World Famous Tony Williams. In April 2018, West met with
Rick Rubin
Frederick Jay Rubin (, ; born March 10, 1963) is an American record producer. He is a co-founder of Def Jam Recordings, founder of American Recordings, and former co-president of Columbia Records.
Rubin helped popularize hip hop by produci ...
, who had executive produced West's previous two studio albums, ''
Yeezus
''Yeezus'' is the sixth studio album by the American rapper Kanye West. It was released on June 18, 2013, through Def Jam Recordings and Roc-A-Fella Records. West gathered a number of artists and close collaborators for the production, includi ...
'' (2013) and ''The Life of Pablo''.
The meeting occurred at West's office in
Calabasas, following on from him recording in Wyoming, having bought a property in the latter named Monster Lake Ranch for recording and renamed it West Lake Ranch.
That same month, West previewed the album for radio host
Charlamagne tha God. West announced the album's planned release date of June 1, 2018, on April 19, simultaneously revealing it to include seven tracks. On April 28, 2018, West tweeted out a text conversation between him and Wes Lang. The text conversation included West showing the initial cover for the album, and an explanation of its concept, followed by him asking for help naming the album.
Lang replied, "''LOVE EVERYONE''", to which West replied "I love that".
The presented cover art showed plastic surgeon
Jan Adams who performed a
liposuction
Liposuction, or simply lipo, is a type of fat-removal procedure used in plastic surgery. Evidence does not support an effect on weight beyond a couple of months and does not appear to affect obesity-related problems. In the United States, lip ...
and
mammoplasty operation on West's mother,
Donda, which led to complications and eventually her death a day after.
Within the texts, West explained that he wanted to "forgive and stop hating". On April 30, Adams responded to the news of the cover in the form of an open letter, asking West to "cease and desist using my photo or any image of me to promote your album or any of your work" while noting his willingness to sit down with West for a face to face conversation. West responded to the letter on his Twitter saying, "This is amazing. Thank you so much for this connection brother. I can't wait to sit with you and start healing".
West returned to Wyoming in May 2018 for the recording of then-upcoming albums, which were later referred to as the "Wyoming Sessions".
Outside of his own albums, West also executive produced and provided guest vocals for all of the albums by other artists that came out of the sessions, with him having announced taking on the role of producer beforehand. American rapper
Pusha T
Terrence LeVarr Thornton (born May 13, 1977), better known by his stage name Pusha T, is an American rapper. He rose to prominence as one half of the Virginia-based hip hop duo Clipse, which he formed with his older brother No Malice, Malice. M ...
released his third studio album, ''
Daytona'', on May 25, 2018, as the first album from the recordings.
West released ''Ye'' on June 1 as the second album of the sessions.
Prior to referencing mental health on the album, West had mentioned it within his music in the past, especially on ''The Life of Pablo''.
On June 8, 2018, a week after ''Ye''s release,
Kids See Ghosts
Kids See Ghosts (stylized in all caps) were an American hip hop superduo composed of rappers Kanye West and Kid Cudi. Formed during West's 2018 Wyoming sessions, the duo's first album ''Kids See Ghosts'' was released in June of that year by ...
, the
hip-hop
Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hi ...
duo consisting of West and Kid Cudi, released their eponymous studio album ''
Kids See Ghosts
Kids See Ghosts (stylized in all caps) were an American hip hop superduo composed of rappers Kanye West and Kid Cudi. Formed during West's 2018 Wyoming sessions, the duo's first album ''Kids See Ghosts'' was released in June of that year by ...
''.
A sequel to ''Ye'' track "
Ghost Town
A ghost town, deserted city, extinct town, or abandoned city is an abandoned settlement, usually one that contains substantial visible remaining buildings and infrastructure such as roads. A town often becomes a ghost town because the economi ...
", entitled "
Freeee (Ghost Town, Pt. 2)", is included on the album, with the sequel featuring vocals from American singer
Ty Dolla Sign
Tyrone William Griffin Jr. (born April 13, 1982), known professionally as Ty Dolla Sign (stylized as Ty Dolla $ign or Ty$), is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, and record producer. Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Griffin gai ...
. West revealed via Twitter that the former was originally slated for release on ''Kids See Ghosts''. On June 15, 2018, American rapper
Nas
Nas (born 1973) is the stage name of American rapper Nasir Jones.
Nas, NaS, or NAS may also refer to:
Aviation
* Nasair, a low-cost airline carrier and subsidiary based in Eritrea
* National Air Services, an airline in Saudi Arabia
** Nas Air (S ...
released his eleventh studio album, ''
Nasir'', as the fourth album from the sessions. American recording artist
Teyana Taylor released her second studio album, ''
K.T.S.E.
''K.T.S.E.'' (an initialism of ''Keep That Same Energy'') is the second studio album by American recording artist Teyana Taylor, released on June 22, 2018, by GOOD Music and Def Jam Recordings.
Following the release of ''VII (Teyana Taylor alb ...
'' on June 23 as the fifth and final album of the "Wyoming Sessions".
In an interview conducted during the listening party for ''Ye'', West stated that he "redid the whole album after
TMZ
''TMZ'' is an American entertainment-focused tabloid news organization owned by Fox Corporation. It made its debut on November 8, 2005, as a collaboration between AOL and Telepictures, a division of Warner Bros., until Time Warner divested ...
," referring to a controversial interview with the tabloid news website in May 2018, during which he made controversial comments about
slavery
Slavery is the ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to their labour. Slavery typically involves compulsory work, with the slave's location of work and residence dictated by the party that holds them in bondage. Enslavemen ...
, and suggested that the entire album was re-recorded in a month.
Referencing the recording process, West claimed that initially: "Everything was going perfect. As soon as stuff stopped going so perfectly, I was like, 'I know what to do with this energy. I know exactly what to do with this.'"
On June 4, 2018, West's wife
Kim Kardashian
Kimberly Noel Kardashian (born October 21, 1980) is an American media personality, socialite, and businesswoman. She first gained media attention as a friend and stylist of Paris Hilton, but received wider notice after the celebrity sex tape ...
reconfirmed this and revealed that two weeks were spent re-recording ''Ye''.
Of her presence in the studio, Kardashian said: "I left to go home for, like, two days and then I come back and it was a whole new album. It's fascinating to see the process."
The following day, featured artist
070 Shake said in an interview that the album was still being worked on up until the day before it came out.
She elaborated, revealing that West was "very calm" while completing recording sessions in a few hours.
As well as 070 Shake, the album includes guest contributions from Ty Dolla Sign,
Ant Clemons,
Jeremih
Jeremy Phillip Felton (born July 17, 1987), known professionally as Jeremih ( ), is an American Contemporary R&B, R&B singer. He embarked on a musical career after meeting record producer Mick Schultz in 2008, and signed a recording contract wi ...
, Kid Cudi,
Charlie Wilson,
Caroline Shaw and
Nicki Minaj
Onika Tanya Maraj-Petty (born December 8, 1982), known professionally as Nicki Minaj ( ), is a Trinidadian rapper, singer, and songwriter. Regarded as the "Queen of Rap" and one of the most influential rappers of all time, she is noted for her ...
.
Though all of the other contributions are guest vocals, Minaj contributed a
voicemail to "
Violent Crimes".
''Ye'' was updated on streaming services on November 8, 2018, with the uncredited sample of Kareem Lotfy's recording "Fr3sh" being removed from the track "
I Thought About Killing You".
In a 2022 interview Mike Dean echoed the sentiments; "In Wyoming, for the Ye album, we had 10 songs, I guess. And we were trying to do a seven-song album. I came in one day and he'd erased the whole board and said, 'We're starting over.' That's what happened. And we did it in like two weeks. We made seven songs and it came out pretty good."
Music and composition
Writing for ''
Rolling Stone
''Rolling Stone'' is an American monthly magazine that focuses on music, politics, and popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco, California, in 1967 by Jann Wenner and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason.
The magazine was first known fo ...
'', Brendan Klinkenberg characterized ''Ye'' as a hip-hop album, though viewed it as the opposite "of a laser-focused statement album".
Lindsay Zoladz of ''
The Ringer'' noted the album's rushed sound, describing it as what "has a slapdash, unfinished quality about it, like a 10-page paper written in a shaky hand on the bumpy morning bus ride to school". For ''
The Line of Best Fit
''The Line of Best Fit'' is an independent online magazine based in London, concentrating on new music.
It publishes independent music reviews, features, interview, and media. Founded by Richard Thane in February 2007 and currently edited by P ...
'', Ross Horton similarly stated that ''Ye'' "just sounds like it hasn't been finished", specifically noting the track "
Wouldn't Leave".
Douglas Greenwood from ''
NME
''New Musical Express'' (''NME'') is a British music, film, gaming and culture website, bimonthly magazine, and brand. Founded as a newspaper in 1952, with the publication being referred to as a "Rock music, rock inkie", the ''NME'' would be ...
'' wrote that the album "lacks the profundity of ''
My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy
''My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy'' is the fifth studio album by the American rapper Kanye West. It was released by Def Jam Recordings and Roc-A-Fella Records on November 22, 2010. Retreating to a self-imposed exile in Hawaii after a period of ...
'' and the audacity of ''
808s'' or ''Yeezus''", calling the sound "succinct and easy to swallow".
Steven Hyden compared the composition of the tracks on ''Ye'' to West's previous works in
Uproxx
Uproxx Studios (stylized as ''UPROXX'') is an American music, entertainment and popular culture website and content studio. It was founded in 2008 by Jarret Myer and Brian Brater. The website was acquired in 2014 by Woven Digital (which later ...
, expressing the viewpoint that none of them stand out "as a decisive break with what he's done before". Clayton Purdom of ''
The A.V. Club
''The A.V. Club'' is an online newspaper and entertainment website featuring reviews, interviews, and other articles that examine films, music, television, books, games, and other elements of pop-culture media. ''The A.V. Club'' was created in ...
'' claimed that the old West is present on ''Ye'' "bringing plump, stirring soul samples".
He elaborated, writing that "if you missed the new Kanye, there's plenty of abrasive, ''Yeezus''-style abstraction, too", and noted the inclusion of multitudes on the album.
Writing for ''
The Observer
''The Observer'' is a British newspaper published on Sundays. First published in 1791, it is the world's oldest Sunday newspaper.
In 1993 it was acquired by Guardian Media Group Limited, and operated as a sister paper to ''The Guardian'' ...
'',
Kitty Empire viewed the work as "veering between sparse, hyper-modern styles and compositions which hark back to the soulful bent" of West's early career.
Lucy Jones of ''
The Daily Telegraph
''The Daily Telegraph'', known online and elsewhere as ''The Telegraph'', is a British daily broadsheet conservative newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed in the United Kingdom and internationally. It was found ...
'' noted certain works as being reminiscent of West's third studio album ''
Graduation
A graduation is the awarding of a diploma by an educational institution. It may also refer to the ceremony that is associated with it, which can also be called Commencement speech, commencement, Congregation (university), congregation, Convocat ...
'' (2007), viewing the piano chords and
Slick Rick
Richard Martin Lloyd Walters (born January 14, 1965), better known as Slick Rick, is an English-American rapper and record producer. He rose to prominence as part of Doug E. Fresh & the Get Fresh Crew in the mid-1980s. His songs " The Show" and ...
sample on the track "
No Mistakes" as "old-school West," which she also pointed to certain vocals on "Ghost Town" as being.
Themes and lyrics
''Ye'' gives a look into the psyche of West, with the character of the artist being focused on.
The album includes references to the rapper's mental health, with a large amount of it seeing him unravel his mind, and "Ghost Town" is specifically linked to the theme.
The theme contrasts ''The Life of Pablo''s delving into the darker corners of fame and family, with ''Ye'' being more uncomfortable in comparison.
West's
bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder (BD), previously known as manic depression, is a mental disorder characterized by periods of Depression (mood), depression and periods of abnormally elevated Mood (psychology), mood that each last from days to weeks, and in ...
and suicidal thoughts are mentioned on the album, which are in relation to the theme of mental health.
According to ''
Rapzilla
Rapzilla is a Christian hip hop online magazine. The website contains recent news, albums reviews, articles, interviews, music downloads, videos, release dates, and columns. History
Rapzilla was founded in 2003 by Philip Rood, who was the chi ...
'' magazine's Elijah Matos, the album is among the select mainstream examples of hip hop that examines mental health similar to the younger waves of contemporary emo and
Christian rap artists. ''Ye'' also includes West expressing his thoughts towards women.
The album's opener, "I Thought About Killing You", sees West confess to thoughts of both suicide and homicide.
West delivers
spoken word
Spoken word is an oral poetic performance art that is based mainly on the poem as well as the performer's aesthetic qualities. It is a 20th-century continuation of an oral tradition, ancient oral artistic tradition that focuses on the aesthetic ...
over a backing vocal within the opener for a couple of minutes until the beat changes and he switches to rapping.
"
Yikes" includes West referencing his experiences with
psychedelic drug
Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary mental states (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips") and a perceived "expansion of consciousness". Also referred to as classic halluc ...
s, as well as his struggle with mental health.
Within "
All Mine", West moves "into more explicit territory" and raps about having interest in multiple dating options.
West uses "Wouldn't Leave" to reference his controversial comments about slavery, and his relationship with Kardashian.
"No Mistakes" includes a series of self-righteous outbursts, coming from the perspective of a multi-millionaire in West.
The mind of the rapper is presented as being in the process of unravelling within "Ghost Town", which is in reference to his mental health state.
West raps about fears towards fathering his daughter within "
Violent Crimes".
Release and promotion
On April 27, 2018, after West traveled to Wyoming and made subsequent album announcements, he announced the release of the track "
Lift Yourself". That same day, the track was released on West's website, with it seeing West rap nonsensical words.
West premiered a track two hours after "Lift Yourself" titled "
Ye vs. the People", which features fellow rapper
T.I. During an interview with ''
The Breakfast Club'' in May 2018, Pusha T claimed that a version of "Lift Yourself" with actual lyrics exists and indicated that it could be released on the album. However, ''Ye'' was later released without the song included.
A song titled "Extacy" was part of the original track list for ''Ye'' as the second track, though it was ultimately replaced by "Yikes" in the final release. "Extacy" was later released under the title of "
XTCY" on August 11, 2018.
''Ye'' was released for
digital download and
streaming
Streaming media refers to multimedia delivered through a network for playback using a media player. Media is transferred in a ''stream'' of packets from a server to a client and is rendered in real-time; this contrasts with file downl ...
worldwide on June 1, 2018, through West's labels
GOOD Music
GOOD Music (often stylized as G.O.O.D. Music; a backronym for Getting Out Our Dreams) is an American independent record label founded by rapper Kanye West in 2004. The label entered an exclusive long-term worldwide music distribution, distributi ...
and
Def Jam
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.
The ...
.
The album was later released as a
CD in various countries by the aforementioned labels on July 20, 2018.
On June 8, it was revealed that ''Ye'' was slated to be released on
vinyl
Vinyl may refer to:
Chemistry
* Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a particular vinyl polymer
* Vinyl cation, a type of carbocation
* Vinyl group, a broad class of organic molecules in chemistry
* Vinyl polymer, a group of polymers derived from vinyl ...
in the summer of 2018 and pre-orders were made available simultaneously, while the vinyl release ultimately occurred in various countries on July 27, 2018, through West's labels.
This marked the first official vinyl release for an album by West since his collaborative studio album ''
Watch the Throne'' with
Jay-Z
Shawn Corey Carter (born December 4, 1969), known professionally as Jay-Z, is an American Rapping, rapper, businessman, and record executive. Rooted in East Coast hip-hop, he was named Billboard and Vibe's 50 Greatest Rappers of All Time, the ...
in 2011.
However, West's previous two albums ''Yeezus'' and ''The Life of Pablo'' were heavily
bootlegged on vinyl.

A two-hour listening party took place for ''Ye'' on the night of May 31, 2018, in Jackson Hole, with West broadcasting a livestream of the party through the WAV app. West invited a variety of guests and contributors to the listening party, including Ty Dolla Sign, Kid Cudi, Nas, Pusha T,
Desiigner,
2 Chainz
Tauheed K. Epps (born September 12, 1977), known professionally as 2 Chainz (formerly Tity Boi), is an American rapper and actor. Born and raised in College Park, Georgia, he gained recognition as one-half of the Southern hip-hop duo Playaz Ci ...
, Big Sean, and
Cyhi the Prynce, among others. Members of Def Jam's staff mobilized and organized people from various locations around the world for the party, though the number of people originally planned to fly out for it was 300 until it was ultimately halved. At the location of the listening party, the album's title was announced as being ''Ye'' by American comedian
Chris Rock, shortly before the party began.
Promotional videos
By June 6, 2018, West's official website had been updated to include footage from the listening party for ''Ye''. A promotional video of the listening party was played on the website, set to the album tracks "I Thought About Killing You" and "Ghost Town". Rock provided narration for the video. West's website was later updated on October 22, 2019, in promotion of his ninth studio album ''
Jesus Is King
''Jesus Is King'' is the ninth studio album by American rapper Kanye West. It was released by GOOD Music and Def Jam Recordings on October 25, 2019. It follows a Christianity, Christian theme, in stark contrast from previous works by West, w ...
''.
No music videos were released for ''Ye'', but
lyric videos for the tracks "All Mine" and "Violent Crimes" were officially released simultaneously on June 19, 2018.
Both of the tracks were treated as singles from the album with the promotion, despite not having been released as such at the time.
The videos include the lyrics being written out on the same Wyoming mountain range displayed on the artwork for ''Ye'', while the lyrics are in the same font used for the text on the artwork.
Singles
West initially debuted ''Ye'' on June 1, 2018, without any singles.
On June 8, "Yikes" was released to UK
mainstream radio stations by West's labels as the lead single from the album. Three days later, it was revealed that West had to choose a
lead single
A lead single (or first single) is the first single to be released from a studio album by an artist or a band, usually before the album itself is released and also occasionally on the same day of the album's release date.
A similar term, "debut ...
in the United States for promotion.
Simultaneously, the song was revealed to have been selected by West for release as a single in the US.
It was serviced to US
radio
Radio is the technology of communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 3 hertz (Hz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz). They are generated by an electronic device called a transmitter connec ...
stations through West's labels as the lead single on June 11, 2018. Prior to release as a single, the song charted at number eight on the US
''Billboard'' Hot 100, standing as West's first solo track to enter the top 10 of the Hot 100 since the single "
Heartless" in 2008 and becoming his 16th top 10 single on the chart. After having been released as a single, the song made its debut at number 10 on the
UK Singles Chart, standing as West's 19th top 10 single on the chart.
On August 14, 2019, "Yikes" was certified
platinum
Platinum is a chemical element; it has Symbol (chemistry), symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a density, dense, malleable, ductility, ductile, highly unreactive, precious metal, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Its name origina ...
in the US by the
Recording Industry Association of America
The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is a trade organization that represents the music recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors that the RIAA says "create, manufacture, and/o ...
(RIAA) for sales of 1,000,000 certified units. The song was later certified gold in the United Kingdom by the
British Phonographic Industry
BPI (British Recorded Music Industry) Limited, trading as British Phonographic Industry (BPI), is the British recorded music industry's trade association. It runs the BRIT Awards; is home to the Mercury Prize; co-owns the Official Charts C ...
(BPI) for selling 200,000 units.
West went on to select "All Mine" for release as the second single from ''Ye'' on July 20, 2018, which features vocals by Ty Dolla Sign and Clemons.
This decision was made by West due to his labels preparing a track for such a release to block a momentum loss for the album after "Yikes" experienced a lack of success on record charts.
However, the track's lyric video had been released in promotion over a month before it was selected for release as a single.
On July 24, 2018, the track was sent to US
rhythmic contemporary
Rhythmic contemporary, also known as Rhythmic Top 20, Rhythmic Top 30, Rhythmic Top 40, Rhythmic CHR or rhythmic crossover, is a primarily American music-radio format that includes a mix of EDM, upbeat rhythmic pop, hip-hop and upbeat R&B hit ...
radio stations through West's labels as the second single.
The track entered at number 11 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, prior to being released as a single.
That same week, the track debuted at an identical position on the UK Singles Chart.
"All Mine" was certified double platinum in the US by the RIAA for pushing 2,000,000 certified units on June 28, 2021. On March 6, 2020, the track was certified silver in the UK by the BPI for sales of 200,000 units.
Both of the singles stood as West's first entries in the top 10 of the US
Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs
The Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart ranks the most popular R&B and hip hop songs in the United States and is published weekly by '' Billboard''. Rankings are based on a measure of radio airplay, sales data, and streaming activity. The chart had 100 ...
chart since "
All Day" reached number six in 2015.
"Yikes" and "All Mine" gave West his 25th and 26th tracks to attain top 10 positions on the chart, entering at number seven and nine, respectively.
Though "Yikes" charted higher than "All Mine", the latter remained on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 longer; it spent nine weeks on the chart, while the former only remained on the Hot 100 for five weeks.
Artwork and title

The artwork for ''Ye'' was revealed by Kardashian to have been taken by West on his
iPhone
The iPhone is a line of smartphones developed and marketed by Apple that run iOS, the company's own mobile operating system. The first-generation iPhone was announced by then–Apple CEO and co-founder Steve Jobs on January 9, 2007, at ...
on their way to the listening party on May 31, 2018, hours before the release of the album. It features a view of the
Teton Range
The Teton Range is a mountain range of the Rocky Mountains in North America. It extends for approximately in a north–south direction through the U.S. state of Wyoming, east of the Idaho state line. It is south of Yellowstone National Park, ...
from Jackson Hole, the mountain range where the album was recorded and produced.
The mountainous terrain photographed is natural, though it is questionable whether the artwork includes a skyline or not within the area that the terrain is present on it. The text on the artwork reads: "I hate being / Bi-Polar / its awesome," which is scribbled in neon green over the mountain range.
With the inclusion of the phrase on the artwork, West confirmed his bipolar disorder.
In an interview conducted with
Big Boy during the listening party for the album, West explained the title, which is a
diminutive
A diminutive is a word obtained by modifying a root word to convey a slighter degree of its root meaning, either to convey the smallness of the object or quality named, or to convey a sense of intimacy or endearment, and sometimes to belittle s ...
of his own name commonly used in his songs, by stating:
West went on to tweet in June 2018 that without his ego, he is "just ''Ye''", a potential point of reference for the album title.
In October 2022,
CNN
Cable News Network (CNN) is a multinational news organization operating, most notably, a website and a TV channel headquartered in Atlanta. Founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner and Reese Schonfeld as a 24-hour cable ne ...
cited anonymous sources as saying that West originally suggested calling the album ''Hitler'' after
the Nazi dictator, alleging that West had displayed a fascination with Hitler and
his rise to power, would talk about the "great things he and the
Nazi Party
The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party ( or NSDAP), was a far-right politics, far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported the ideology of Nazism. Its precursor ...
achieved for the Germans, German people", openly read Hitler's book ''Mein Kampf'' (1925), and expressed admiration for Hitler and the Nazis' use of Propaganda in Nazi Germany, propaganda. Years after the album's release, West would later draw international condemnation for publicly Views of Kanye West#2022–2024, making comments that were and .
Critical reception
''Ye'' was met with generally favorable reviews from
music critics
Music journalism (or music criticism) is media criticism and reporting about music topics, including popular music, classical music, and traditional music. Journalists began writing about music in the eighteenth century, providing commentary on ...
. At Metacritic, which assigns a standard score, normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from professional publications, the album received an weighted arithmetic mean, average score of 64, based on 34 reviews.
Aggregator AnyDecentMusic? gave it 6.1 out of 10, based on their assessment of the critical consensus.
Alexis Petridis for ''The Guardian'' stated the album doesn't feel slight but opined that it is exhausting. Petridis wrote: "Substantially more focused than its predecessor, it packs a lot into 23 minutes. It is bold, risky, infuriating, compelling and a little exhausting: a vivid reflection of its author."
Jones looked at ''Ye'' as "an album about Kanye's state of mind, his family, and a narration of what's been going on in his 'shaky-ass year.' The beats are great. Lyrically, it's fine. Whatever you think of his politics, his songwriting, sample-hunting and beat-making remain dynamic, surprising and ballsy."
Purdom claimed that West "can still create thunderous blasts of sound on par with anyone on the planet, and ''Ye''s best moments are reminders of that. It's a prismatic album, reflecting its creator's entire body of work—and also whatever you think about him going in."
Writing for ''Time (magazine), Time'', Maura Johnston compared West's previous projects to the album, saying that "the one thing they've consistently focused on is contrast: light and dark, ugly and beautiful, self-aggrandizing and self-loathing."
She added that it "resembles his last album, ''The Life of Pablo'' in which ''Ye'' doesn't deviate too much from the lyrical concepts of ''Pablo''; it blends the trivial and the life-or-death, like on the darkened-club 'Yikes,' on which he declares his bipolar syndrome to be his 'superpower' and compares the U.S.-North Korea tensions to his long-simmering beef with Wiz Khalifa."
Kyle Mullin from ''Exclaim!'' wrote that "if West had better delved into his emotional and psychological turmoil in ''Ye''s lyrics, instead of getting bogged down with click-baity asides, then this LP would've been a classic."
Eric Brown was less enthusiastic in ''Billboard'', stating: "It's tough to ignore ''Ye''s musical stasis; known for his forward motion, on this set, West remains mired in the past," also commenting that "It's a missed opportunity in the sense that it fails to measure up to his previous work and change the conversation around him."
For AllMusic, Neil Z. Yeung expressed mixed feelings, writing that the album "can feel uneven, sometimes boring, and more indulgent than usual, but it's a fascinating peek into West's psyche."
Similarly, Wren Graves of ''Consequence (publication), Consequence'' believed that "on ''Ye'', he's consolidating old skills, not testing out new ones," adding that "the lack of wow-factor, combined with the short length, makes the album feel somewhat slight."
Rob Sheffield of ''Rolling Stone'' described the album as "wildly uneven" with "enough sporadic flashes of brilliance to make you hungry for much, much more."
''Slant Magazine''s Zachary Hoskins viewed the album as what "just feels unfinished, as if he wanted to avoid another debacle like the rollout of the also-unfinished ''The Life of Pablo''" and called it "a mix of the weakest moments from ''The Life of Pablo''."
Horton wrote negatively of the album, claiming that "there's no through-line. No concept. No consistency. There's certainly no quality control."
Robert Christgau gave the album a Christgau's Consumer Guide: Albums of the '90s#Grading key, one-star honorable mention in a capsule review, capsule-review column for ''Vice (magazine), Vice'', calling it a "half-assed attempt to make wikt:asshat, asshattery germane again."
Accolades
''Ye'' appeared on year-end best album lists for 2018 by multiple publications. On the ''Pitchfork'' Readers' Poll: Top 50 Albums of 2018, the album was voted in at number 37.
''Ye'' was listed at number four on the website's polls for most underrated and most overrated album of the year, respectively.
It was ranked at the same position on ''GQ'' Russia's list of 2018's best albums. ''The Edge (magazine), The Edge'' and Jon Caramanica of ''The New York Times'' both listed the album as the seventh best of the year.
''Ye'' was ranked by ''NME'' as the 34th best album of 2018, with the staff writing that "there's plenty in this Experimental music, experimental, weird little album that suggests Kanye has very much still got it."
''411Mania'' named ''Ye'' the 42nd best album of the year, with David Hayter of the website claiming that despite the "serious faults" of the album, it is an "endlessly listenable collection," calling the music "too coherent and sonically satisfying to quibble over." ''Ye'' was ranked as the 30th best hip-hop album of 2018 by ''Rolling Stone'' even though the staff viewed it as West's worst album, writing that "West, at his worst, is still making more fascinating music than almost anyone else," and the staff elaborated, calling the album "a dense and, at times, brilliant piece of music." However, in February 2023, ''Rolling Stone'' ranked ''Ye'' at number one on their list of the 50 Genuinely Horrible Albums by Brilliant Artists, writing that the "chaotic, half-baked album" "marks the beginning of the most disastrous artistic and personal collapse in the history of popular music". In August 2022, ''Complex (magazine), Complex'' ranked ''Ye'' as the worst album of his discography up to that point.
On April 25, 2018, West tweeted out: "I'm turn the Grammy Awards, Grammys into the Yammys," predicting success for himself at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards, 2019 Grammy Awards. West's work on ''Ye'' and other projects earned him a nomination for Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical, Producer of the Year, Non-Classical at the ceremony. However, the album marked West's first to not be nominated for Grammy Award for Best Rap Album, Best Rap Album at the Grammys, with the lack of a nomination being viewed as a snub by multiple publications.
In an article for ''Consequence'', Lake Schatz was surprised by West being snubbed even though he called ''Ye'' "hardly the best in his catalog" and questioned "whether the lack of even a nomination has to do partially with the MC's especially divisive nature in 2018."
At the 2019 Hungarian Music Awards, Fonogram Hungarian Music Awards, the album earned a nomination for Best Foreign Rap or Hip-Hop Album of the Year.
Commercial performance
''Ye'' debuted at number one on the US
''Billboard'' 200 with 208,000 album-equivalent units, of which 85,000 were pure album sales, becoming the fifth-largest weekly units for an album in 2018.
The album was West's eighth consecutive chart topper on the ''Billboard'' 200, tying him with
Eminem
Marshall Bruce Mathers III (born October 17, 1972), known professionally as Eminem, is an American rapper, songwriter, and record producer. Regarded as one of the greatest and most influential rappers of all time, he is credited with popula ...
's streak from 2000 to 2018 and English band the Beatles' streak from 1965 to 1968 as one of only three acts to accumulate eight consecutive number one albums.
West also became the only other act apart from Eminem to achieve eight consecutive number one debuts, since none of the albums from the Beatles' streak debuted atop the ''Billboard'' 200.
The sales surpassed the first week projections of 175,000 to 190,000 album-equivalent units and up to 80,000 pure sales. ''Ye'' recorded the second largest per-track streaming average ever, receiving 25.7 million on-demand audio streams.
The seventh-largest streaming debut week ever was experienced with 120,000 streaming equivalent albums, with the streams being counted at over 180 million.
The album descended four places to number five in its second week on the ''Billboard'' 200 and dropped 65% in sales, moving 74,000 album-equivalent units.
This became the second highest decrease in sales for an album's second week of 2018, standing behind the 73% decline of American musician J. Cole's fifth studio album ''KOD (album), KOD''; however, the second week sales for ''KOD'' were higher than those of ''Ye'', with 105,000 units having been pushed.
The album also entered atop the US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, giving West his eighth consecutive number one debut on the chart. In 2018, it was ranked as the 50th and 30th most popular album of the year on the ''Billboard'' 200 and Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts, respectively.
On September 30, 2021, ''Ye'' received a platinum certification from the RIAA for amassing 1,000,000 certified units in the US.
''Ye'' debuted atop the ARIA Charts, ARIA Albums chart, giving West his second chart-topping album in Australia and replacing fellow rapper Post Malone's second studio album ''Beerbongs & Bentleys'' at the top position.
This made West the third major hip-hop act to have an album reach the top 10 of the chart in 2018, joining J. Cole with ''KOD'' and ASAP Rocky with his third studio album ''Testing (album), Testing''.
A Streaming Equivalent Album Value being taken into account for the Album Chart calculations in Australia helped ''Ye'' top the ARIA Albums chart, since the value counts the streams for all tracks of albums 10 tracks or less, rather than the two most streamed tracks as done for longer albums.
The album was also a chart topper on the Irish Albums Chart, giving West his first number one album in Ireland.
By reaching the same position on the Official New Zealand Music Chart, New Zealand Albums chart, ''Ye'' became West's second number one album in the country.
The following week, it remained at the top position.
The album also debuted at number one on the Canadian Albums Chart, with 16,000 total consumption units, though it reached the second highest album sales and on-demand streams of the week.
This became West's sixth chart-topping album in Canada, while also standing as his first since ''Yeezus''.
In Estonia, ''Ye'' entered at number one on the Eesti Tipp-40, Albumid tipp-40 and remained atop the chart the following week.
''Ye'' entered at number two on the UK Albums Chart, being held off the top spot by ''The Greatest Showman: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack'', which denied West a number one album on the issue that coincided with his 41st birthday.
However, the album was the most played album of the week on Streaming media, streaming services, and it was reported that 80% of sales came from streams.
On May 21, 2021, ''Ye'' was certified gold in the UK by the BPI for sales of 100,000 units.
The album also attained the chart position of number two on both the Hitlisten, Danish Albums Chart and VG-lista, Norwegian Albums Chart.
Similarly, ''Ye'' reached number three on the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, Czech Albums, Music of Iceland, Icelandic Albums, and Netherlands' Dutch Album Top 100 charts.
On the Sverigetopplistan, Swedish Albums chart, the album reached number five.
All seven tracks from ''Ye'' debuted in the top 40 of the ''Billboard'' Hot 100, with lead single "Yikes" charting the highest at number eight.
The tracks entering the Hot 100 lead to West's total number of top 40 entries amounting to 48, placing him joint-10th with fellow rapper Jay-Z on the list for most top 40 entries on the chart, and also making West the 11th act with as many as seven simultaneous top 40 Hot 100 entries.
West topped the US ''Billboard'' Artist 100 for the first time in his career, partially as a result of the entries from the album, surpassing his previous peak position of number three that was attained as a result of ''The Life of Pablo''.
The two tracks "Ghost Town" and "All Mine" charted in the top 40 of the UK Singles Chart, along with "Yikes"; the latter of the three was the highest charting from ''Ye'' at number 10.
Track listing
Notes
* signifies a co-producer
* signifies an additional producer
Sample credits
* The original version of "I Thought About Killing You" contains an uncredited sample from "Fr3sh", as performed by Kareem Lotfy.
* "Yikes" contains a sample from "Kothbiro", as performed by Black Savage.
* "Wouldn't Leave" contains a sample from "Baptizing Scene", as performed by Reverend W.A. Donaldson.
* "No Mistakes" contains a sample from "Children (Get Together)", as performed by Edwin Hawkins Singers; and "Hey Young World", as performed by
Slick Rick
Richard Martin Lloyd Walters (born January 14, 1965), better known as Slick Rick, is an English-American rapper and record producer. He rose to prominence as part of Doug E. Fresh & the Get Fresh Crew in the mid-1980s. His songs " The Show" and ...
.
* "Ghost Town" contain a sample from "Take Me for a Little While", as performed by The Royal Jesters; and "Someday", as performed by Shirley Ann Lee.
Personnel
Credits adapted from Tidal (service), Tidal and Qobuz.
Vocals
*
Ty Dolla Sign
Tyrone William Griffin Jr. (born April 13, 1982), known professionally as Ty Dolla Sign (stylized as Ty Dolla $ign or Ty$), is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, and record producer. Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Griffin gai ...
– vocals (3, 4, 7)
*
Ant Clemons – vocals (3)
*
Jeremih
Jeremy Phillip Felton (born July 17, 1987), known professionally as Jeremih ( ), is an American Contemporary R&B, R&B singer. He embarked on a musical career after meeting record producer Mick Schultz in 2008, and signed a recording contract wi ...
– vocals (4)
*
Kid Cudi
Scott Ramon Seguro Mescudi (born January 30, 1984), also known by his stage name Kid Cudi ( ; formerly stylized as KiD CuDi), is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, actor, and fashion designer. Born and raised in Clevelan ...
– vocals (5, 6)
*
Charlie Wilson – vocals (5)
*
Caroline Shaw – vocals (5)
*
070 Shake – vocals (6, 7)
*
Nicki Minaj
Onika Tanya Maraj-Petty (born December 8, 1982), known professionally as Nicki Minaj ( ), is a Trinidadian rapper, singer, and songwriter. Regarded as the "Queen of Rap" and one of the most influential rappers of all time, she is noted for her ...
– voice (7)
Technical
* Jess Jackson (record producer), Jess Jackson – Audio mixing (recorded music), mixer
*
Mike Dean – mixer, Audio engineer, engineer
* Mike Malchicoff – engineer
* Zack Djurich – engineer
* Andrew Dawson (record producer), Andrew Dawson – engineer, Programming (music), programming (2, 7)
* Noah Goldstein – engineer (2, 6), Sound recording and reproduction, recording engineer (4)
* William J. Sullivan – engineer (5)
* Mauricio Iragorri – recording engineer (6)
* Sean Solymar – assistant recording engineer (1–5)
* Mike Snell – assistant remix engineer (track 7)
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
Release history
See also
* 2018 in hip-hop
* GOOD Fridays
* List of number-one albums of 2018 (Australia)
* List of number-one albums of 2018 (Canada)
* List of number-one albums of 2018 (Ireland)
* List of UK top-ten albums in 2018
* List of UK R&B Albums Chart number ones of 2018
* List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 2018, List of ''Billboard'' 200 number-one albums of 2018
* List of Billboard number-one R&B/hip-hop albums of 2018, List of ''Billboard'' number-one R&B/hip-hop albums of 2018
* List of number-one albums from the 2010s (New Zealand)
Notes
References
External links
Official website''Ye''at Discogs (list of releases)
{{Authority control
2018 albums
Albums produced by Benny Blanco
Albums produced by Irv Gotti
Albums produced by Kanye West
Albums produced by Mike Dean (record producer)
Albums produced by Pi'erre Bourne
Def Jam Recordings albums
GOOD Music albums
Kanye West albums
Naming controversies
2010s concept albums