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Władysław Bartoszewski (; 19 February 1922 – 24 April 2015) was a Polish politician, social activist, journalist, writer and historian. A former
Auschwitz concentration camp Auschwitz, or Oświęcim, was a complex of over 40 Nazi concentration camps, concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany, occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) d ...
prisoner, he was a World War II resistance fighter as part of the Polish underground and participated in the
Warsaw Uprising The Warsaw Uprising (; ), sometimes referred to as the August Uprising (), or the Battle of Warsaw, was a major World War II operation by the Polish resistance movement in World War II, Polish underground resistance to liberate Warsaw from ...
. After the war he was persecuted and imprisoned by the communist Polish People's Republic due to his membership in the
Home Army The Home Army (, ; abbreviated AK) was the dominant resistance movement in German-occupied Poland during World War II. The Home Army was formed in February 1942 from the earlier Związek Walki Zbrojnej (Armed Resistance) established in the ...
(''Armia Krajowa'', AK) and opposition activity. After the collapse of the communist regime, Bartoszewski served twice as the
Minister of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and foreign relations, relations, diplomacy, bilateralism, ...
from March through December 1995 and again from 2000 to 2001. He was also an ambassador and a member of the Polish Senate. Bartoszewski was a close ally and friend of Polish anti-Communist activist and later president
Lech Wałęsa Lech Wałęsa (; ; born 29 September 1943) is a Polish statesman, dissident, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who served as the president of Poland between 1990 and 1995. After winning the 1990 Polish presidential election, 1990 election, Wałę ...
. Bartoszewski was a chevalier of the Order of the White Eagle, an honorary citizen of
Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...
, and a member of the International Honorary Council of the European Academy of Diplomacy.


Early life

Bartoszewski was born in
Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...
to a family of civil servants. He grew up on a street next to the Great Synagogue and a detention centre, later saying "“These two things, the synagogue and the penitentiary, later marked my life."


World War II

In September 1939, Bartoszewski took part in the
civil defense Civil defense or civil protection is an effort to protect the citizens of a state (generally non-combatants) from human-made and natural disasters. It uses the principles of emergency management: Risk management, prevention, mitigation, prepara ...
of Warsaw as a stretcher-bearer. From May 1940, he worked in the first social clinic of the Polish Red Cross in Warsaw. On 19 September 1940, Bartoszewski was detained in the Warsaw district of Żoliborz during a surprise round-up of members of the public ('' łapanka''), along with some 2,000 civilians (among them, Witold Pilecki). From 22 September 1940, he was detained in
Auschwitz concentration camp Auschwitz, or Oświęcim, was a complex of over 40 Nazi concentration camps, concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany, occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) d ...
(his inmate number was 4427). Due to actions undertaken by the Polish Red Cross, he was released from Auschwitz on 8 April 1941.


Polish Underground State

After his release from Auschwitz, Bartoszewski contacted the Association of Armed Struggle (''Związek Walki Zbrojnej''). In the summer of 1941, he reported on his concentration camp imprisonment to the Information Department of the Information and Propaganda Bureau of the Home Army ( Armia Krajowa, or AK, a reformed version of the Association of Armed Struggle and the largest resistance movement in Poland). In 1942, he joined the Front for the Rebirth of Poland (''Front Odrodzenia Polski''), which was a secret,
Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...
, social-educational and charity organization founded by Zofia Kossak-Szczucka. From October 1941 until 1944, Bartoszewski studied Polish studies in the secret Humanist Department of Warsaw University. At this time, higher education of Poles was outlawed by the German occupational authorities. In August 1942, Bartoszewski became a soldier of the Home Army, working as a reporter in the "P" Subdivision of the Information Department of its Information and Propaganda Bureau. His pseudonym "Teofil" was inspired by Teofil Grodzicki, a fictional character from Jan Parandowski's novel entitled ''The Sky in Flames''. He cooperated with Kazimierz Moczarski in the two-man P-1 report of the "P" subdivision. From September 1942, Bartoszewski was active on behalf of the Front for the Rebirth of Poland in the Provisional Committee for Aid to Jews and its successor organization, the Council for Aid to Jews (codenamed Żegota). Żegota, a Polish World War II resistance organization whose objective was to help Jews during the Holocaust, operated under the auspices of the Polish Government in Exile through the Delegatura, its presence in Warsaw. He remained a member of Żegota until the
Warsaw Uprising The Warsaw Uprising (; ), sometimes referred to as the August Uprising (), or the Battle of Warsaw, was a major World War II operation by the Polish resistance movement in World War II, Polish underground resistance to liberate Warsaw from ...
. In 1943, he replaced Witold Bieńkowski in the Jewish Department of the Delegatura. From November 1942 to September 1943, Bartoszewski was an editorial team secretary of the Catholic magazine ''Prawda'' (''The Truth''), the press organ of the Front for the Rebirth of Poland. From fall of 1942 until spring of 1944, Bartoszewski was the editor-in-chief of the Catholic magazine ''Prawda Młodych'' (''The Youth's Truth''), which was also connected with the Front for the Rebirth of Poland and aimed at university and high-school students. In November 1942, Bartoszewski became a vice-manager of a division created in the Department of Internal Affairs of the Delegatura, whose remit was to help prisoners of Pawiak prison. In February 1943, Bartoszewski became a reporter and vice-manager of the Department's Jewish Report. As a part of his activities for Żegota and the Jewish Report, he organized assistance for the participants of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in April 1943. On 1 August 1944, Bartoszewski began his participation in the Warsaw Uprising. He was an aide to the commander of radio post "Asma" and editor-in-chief of the magazine ''The News from the City and The Radio News''. On 20 September, by orders from the commandant of the Warsaw District of the AK, General Antoni "Monter" Chruściel, Bartoszewski was decorated with the Silver Cross of Merit. This was the result of a proposal put forward by the chief of the Information and Propaganda Bureau in General Headquarters of the Home Army, Colonel Jan Rzepecki). On 1 October, he was appointed Second Lieutenant by the AK commander general Tadeusz "Bór" Komorowski (also due to a proposal by Rzepecki). He received the Cross of Valor order on 4 October.


Post-World War II

Bartoszewski left Warsaw on 7 October 1944. He continued his underground activity in the Information and Propaganda Bureau of the Home Army at its General Headquarters in
Kraków , officially the Royal Capital City of Kraków, is the List of cities and towns in Poland, second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city has a population of 804,237 ...
. From November 1944 to January 1945, he held a position as editorial team secretary for ''Information Bulletin''. At the end of February 1945, he returned to Warsaw, where he began his service in the information and propaganda section of NIE resistance movement. From May to August 1945, Bartoszewski was serving in the sixth unit of the Delegatura (he was responsible for information and propaganda) under the supervision of Kazimierz Moczarski). On 10 October 1945, he revealed that he had served in the AK. In Autumn 1945, Bartoszewski started his cooperation with the Institute of National Remembrance at the presidium of the government and the Head Commission of Examination of German Crimes in Poland. His information gathered during the occupation period about the Nazi crimes, the situation in concentration camps and prisons, as well as his knowledge concerning the Jewish genocide, appeared to be very helpful. In February 1946 he began his work in the editorial section of ''Gazeta Ludowa'' (''People's Gazette''), the main press organ of the Polish People's Party (''Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe'', PSL). Soon, he joined the PSL, at that time the only influential party in opposition to the communist government. In the articles published in ''Gazeta Ludowa'', he mentioned the outstanding figures of the Polish Underground State (the interview with Stefan Korboński, the report from the funeral of Jan Piekałkiewicz), and the events connected with the fight for liberation of the country (a series of sketches presenting the Warsaw Uprising entitled ''Dzień Walczącej Stolicy''). Due to his collaboration with the PSL, Bartoszewski became subject to repressions by the security services. On 15 November 1946, he was falsely accused of being a spy, resulting in him being arrested and held by the Ministry of Public Security of Poland. In December, he was transferred to the Mokotów Prison; he was released on 10 April 1948, with the help of Zofia Rudnicka (a former chief of Żegota, then working in the Ministry of Justice). Although Bartoszewski was accepted into the third year of Polish Studies in December 1948, his arrest in 1949 and the resulting five years' imprisonment rendered him unable to finish his studies. Bartoszewski was again arrested on 14 December 1949. On 29 May 1952, he was sentenced by the Military District Court to eight years in prison due to the false charge of espionage. In April 1954, he was moved to the prison in Rawicz and in June to the prison in Racibórz. He was released in August 1954 on a year's parole due to his bad health condition. On 2 March 1955, during the wave of
de-Stalinization De-Stalinization () comprised a series of political reforms in the Soviet Union after Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin, the death of long-time leader Joseph Stalin in 1953, and Khrushchev Thaw, the thaw brought about by ascension of Nik ...
, Bartoszewski was informed he was wrongly sentenced.


Career


Literary, academic and journalistic activity

After Bartoszewski was found wrongly sentenced and released from prison, he returned to his journalistic activity. Since August 1955, he was the editor-in-chief of specialist publishing houses of the Polish Librarians Association. Since July 1956, he was publishing his articles in ''Stolica'' weekly, and since January 1957 he was a member of an editorial section. From the Summer of 1958 to December 1960, he held the position of the secretary of the editorial section. In August 1957, Bartoszewski began working with '' Tygodnik Powszechny'' (''Universal Weekly''). From July 1982, he was a member of the editorial section. In November 1958, Bartoszewski was again accepted by the Linguistic Department of Warsaw University, in extramural mode. He submitted his master's thesis written under the supervision of professor
Julian Krzyżanowski Julian Krzyżanowski (4 July 1892 – 19 May 1976) was a Polish literature and folklore scholar, best known for his study of Polish proverbs. Participant of the Warsaw Uprising. Professor at the Warsaw University and others. Recipient of Order of P ...
. However, by decision of the
vice-chancellor A vice-chancellor (commonly called a VC) serves as the chief executive of a university in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Australia, Nepal, India, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Kenya, other Commonwealth of Nati ...
, he was expelled from the university in October 1962. On 18 April 1963, Bartoszewski was decorated with the '' Polonia Restituta'' medal for his help to the Jews during the war. The proposal was put forward by the Jewish Historical Institute. Between September and November 1963, he resided in
Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...
at the invitation of the Yad Vashem Institute. In the name of the Council for Aid to Jews, he received the diploma of the Righteous Among the Nations. In 1966, he received the medal of the Righteous Among the Nations. In memoriam, former Israeli Ambassador Govrin would later write: "Władysław Bartoszewski will always be remembered as an individual who greatly contributed to the strengthening of Polish-Israeli ties, well before diplomatic ties were renewed and well after. From November to December 1963, Bartoszewski lived in
Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...
, where he entered into communication with Austrian intellectual and political societies. In November 1963, he began his cooperation with Radio Free Europe. In the next years, he was traveling to the Federal Republic of Germany, Great Britain, Italy,
Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...
and the United States, where he got in touch mainly with some of the representatives of Polish emigration (among others with Jan Nowak-Jeziorański, Jan Karski, Czesław Miłosz and Gustaw Herling-Grudziński). In 1969–73, Bartoszewski served as the chairman of the Warsaw Department of the Society of Book Lovers (''Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Książki'') and in December 1969 he was appointed a member of the board of the Polish PEN. From 1972 to 1983, he served as the chief secretary of the Polish PEN. In 1973–82, and again in 1984–85, Bartoszewski lectured as a senior lecturer (the counterpart of vice-professor). His lectures concerned modern history (with the special emphasis on the war and occupation) in the Institute of Modern History on the Humanistic Science Department of KUL ( Catholic University of Lublin). In December 1981, he was an active participant in the First Polish Culture Congress, which was interrupted by the enforcement of
martial law in Poland Martial law in Poland () existed between 13 December 1981 and 22 July 1983. The Polish United Workers' Party, government of the Polish People's Republic drastically restricted everyday life by introducing martial law and a military junta in an a ...
. In 1983–1984 and 1986–1988, Bartoszewski lectured at the Institute of Political Science Faculty of Social Sciences at the Ludwig-Maximilian University in Munich (as well as the Media Science Institute at the same university in 1989–90). He was named Visiting Professor by the
Bavaria Bavaria, officially the Free State of Bavaria, is a States of Germany, state in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the list of German states by area, largest German state by land area, comprising approximately 1/5 of the total l ...
n government. In 1984, he received an honorary doctorate from Hebrew College in
Baltimore Baltimore is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland. With a population of 585,708 at the 2020 census and estimated at 568,271 in 2024, it is the 30th-most populous U.S. city. The Baltimore metropolitan area is the 20th-large ...
(USA) as well as a certificate of the recognition from the American Jewish Committee in New York. From May 1984, Bartoszewski was a full member of the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America. From 1986 he served as one of the deputy-chairmen at the Institute of Polish-Jewish Studies at the
University of Oxford The University of Oxford is a collegiate university, collegiate research university in Oxford, England. There is evidence of teaching as early as 1096, making it the oldest university in the English-speaking world and the List of oldest un ...
. In the academic year 1985 he was lecturing at the Faculty of History and Social Sciences at the Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt in the Federal Republic of Germany. From 1988 to 1989, he lectured at the Institute of Political Science in the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences at the University of Augsburg. In 1992 he was appointed a member of the Independent Commission of Experts (ICE) 1992–2002 which was set up by the Swiss parliament to examine the refugee policy of the Switzerland during World War II as well as economic and financial relationships between Switzerland and Nazi Germany. Bartoszewski took part in many international conferences and seminars dedicated to the issues of World War II, the Jewish genocide, Polish-German and Polish-Jewish relationships as well as the role of Polish intellectualists in politics. He delivered a number of lectures and reports on the various international forums.


Opposition activity

In 1970, due to his opposition activity and various relations in Western countries, Bartoszewski was forbidden to publish his works in Poland (until autumn 1974). He also fell victim to searches, denials of passport and distributing forgeries). In 1974, he was engaged in activity focusing on reprieving the convicted members of the organization (among others Stefan Niesiołowski and Andrzej Czuma). In January 1976, as one of the first, Bartoszewski signed the letter of intellectualists protesting against the introduction of changes into the constitution of the
People's Republic of Poland The Polish People's Republic (1952–1989), formerly the Republic of Poland (1947–1952), and also often simply known as Poland, was a country in Central Europe that existed as the predecessor of the modern-day democratic Republic of Poland. ...
. He helped establish the Society for Educational Courses and he lectured at the " Flying University". On 21 August 1980, Bartoszewski signed the intellectuals' letter to the protesting workers from the Polish coast. During 1980/1981 he was a member of
Solidarity Solidarity or solidarism is an awareness of shared interests, objectives, standards, and sympathies creating a psychological sense of unity of groups or classes. True solidarity means moving beyond individual identities and single issue politics ...
. After announcing martial law on 13 December 1981, he was a detainee in Białołęka prison and later in the Internment Center in Jaworze at Drawsko Pomorskie Military Training Area. He was released on 28 April 1982 due to the support from intellectual communities from Poland and from abroad. In 1981, Edward Raczyński, the President of Poland in exile, proposed Bartoszewski as his successor so Bartoszewski could become president in exile after his resignation. Raczyński, according to his own words, wanted someone from the country and not the emigre circles as well as with strong ties to the opposition in Poland. Bartoszewski, however, graciously refused. In 1987 Raczyński's final successor, Kazimierz Sabbat, also proposed Batoszewski be nominated, but he declined. Had he accepted the position, he would have succeeded Sabbat after his sudden death in 1989.


Third Republic of Poland


Diplomatic and political activity

From September 1990 to March 1995, Bartoszewski held the position of Ambassador of the Polish Republic to Austria. On 28 April 1995, he delivered a speech during the solemn joint session of the
Bundestag The Bundestag (, "Federal Diet (assembly), Diet") is the lower house of the Germany, German Federalism in Germany, federal parliament. It is the only constitutional body of the federation directly elected by the German people. The Bundestag wa ...
and Bundesrat on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the ending of World War II as the only foreign speaker. On 22 December 1995, he resigned from his office due to the end of
Lech Wałęsa Lech Wałęsa (; ; born 29 September 1943) is a Polish statesman, dissident, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who served as the president of Poland between 1990 and 1995. After winning the 1990 Polish presidential election, 1990 election, Wałę ...
's presidential term. Once again, Bartoszewski became chief of Polish Internal Affairs in June 2000 in Jerzy Buzek's government. From 1997 to 2001, he was the
Senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or Legislative chamber, chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the Ancient Rome, ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior ...
of the fourth term and the chairperson in the Office for International Affairs and European Integration. As a Senior Speaker he chaired the inaugural session of the Senate of the Republic of Poland. On 21 November 2007, Bartoszewski was named Secretary of State in the Office of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister Donald Tusk) and
plenipotentiary A ''plenipotentiary'' (from the Latin ''plenus'' "full" and ''potens'' "powerful") is a diplomat who has full powers—authorization to sign a treaty or convention on behalf of a sovereign. When used as a noun more generally, the word can als ...
for international affairs.


Social and academic activity

From June 1990, Bartoszewski was chairperson of the International Council of the National Auschwitz Museum. From 1991 to 1995, he was the member of the National Council for Polish-Jewish Relations from the presidential office. From March 1995, he was the deputy chairman of the Polish PEN. In 1996, he received an honorary doctorate of the University of Wrocław. Starting in June 2001, Bartoszewski was the leader of the Council for the Protection of Memory of Combat and Martyrdom. On 27 January 2005, on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the liberation of the concentration camp Auschwitz-Birkenau, he delivered speeches as the representative of the Polish inmates of concentration camps. For many years he was a strong supporter of the Polish-Jewish and Polish-German
reconciliation Reconciliation or reconcile may refer to: Accounting * Reconciliation (accounting) Arts, entertainment, and media Books * Reconciliation (Under the North Star), ''Reconciliation'' (''Under the North Star''), the third volume of the ''Under the ...
. Through his journalistic and academic activity he contributed to retaining the memory of the Polish Underground State, the Warsaw Uprising and the crimes of
totalitarianism Totalitarianism is a political system and a form of government that prohibits opposition from political parties, disregards and outlaws the political claims of individual and group opposition to the state, and completely controls the public s ...
. From 26 January to 29 June 2006, Bartoszewski headed the board of LOT Polish Airlines. He was a member of the Polish Writers' Association. He was also chairperson of the Polish Institute of International Affairs in Warsaw, but resigned from the position on 29 August 2006. The reason was that there was no reaction from then-Minister of Foreign Affairs Anna Fotyga to the accusations formulated by deputy Minister of Defense Antoni Macierewicz who alleged that most of hitherto Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the Third Republic of Poland were former agents of the Soviet special services according to files known as " fałszywkas" produced by the '' SB secret police''. Bartoszewski's scholarly credentials were controversial. He had no university degree but used the title of "
professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other tertiary education, post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin ...
", suggesting that he had an academic degree. After objections from the German and Polish academic communities, the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs removed the title of "professor" before Bartoszewski's name from its web page. Despite his lack of formal academic qualifications, Bartoszewski taught graduate-level history courses at several accredited and prestigious universities, including the renowned ''KUL'' (
John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin (, , abbreviation KUL) is a university established in 1918. History :pl:Idzi Radziszewski, Father Idzi Benedykt Radziszewski founded the university in 1918. Vladimir Lenin, Lenin allowed the priest ...
), which lists Bartoszewski as a reader in modern history (and chair of Polish Postwar History) in the Faculty of Humanities, 1973–1985, and awarded him an honorary doctorate in 2008. From April 2009 he was a council member of the Auschwitz-Birkenau Foundation. In July 2010 he became a member of the International Council of the
Austrian Service Abroad The Austrian Service Abroad () is a non-profit organization funded by the Austrian government which sends young Austrians to work in partner institutions worldwide serving Holocaust commemoration in form of the Austrian Memorial Service, support ...
. At a joint conference of the Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM) and the Israel Council on Foreign Relations (ICFR) held in Warsaw in November 2017, ICFR director Laurence Weinbaum paid tribute to Bartoszewski and said he had played an important role in developing relations between Poland and Israel: "At a time when in certain quarters we are witness to shameless opportunism and the grotesque obfuscation of history, his legacy resonates especially strongly. Bartoszewski taught people that bellicose jingoism and intolerance should not be confused with the true love of one's country and that a society that gives way to its basest instincts is doomed to ruin."


Personal life

Władysław Bartoszewski was first married to Antonina Mijal, but that marriage ended in divorce. He later married Zofia Bartoszewska in 1967; they remained married until his death in 2015. His son, Władysław Teofil Bartoszewski, was born in 1955. He is an academic historian who has written on Polish Jewish history. He is the author of the 1991 book, ''The Convent at Auschwitz'', George Braziller, . On 24 April 2015, Bartoszewski was admitted to a Warsaw hospital, dying shortly after arrival of a heart attack, aged 93. Flags at the parliament were lowered to half-staff in Bartoszewski's honor. Bartoszewski was survived by wife Zofia and son Władysław Teofil. Bartoszewski's funeral was on 4 May and was buried at Powązki Military Cemetery.


Publications


English

*1968 ''Warsaw Death Ring: 1939–1944'', Interpres. *1969 ''Righteous Among Nations: How Poles Helped the Jews 1939–1945'', ed. with Zofia Lewin, Earlscourt Pub, UK;, . *1970 '' The Samaritans: Heroes of the Holocaust'', ed. with Zofia Lewin, Twayne Publishers, New York. *1988 ''The Warsaw Ghetto: A Christian's Testimony'', Beacon Press; . *1991 ''The Jews in Warsaw: A History'', ed. with Antony Polonsky, Blackwell Publishing; .


Polish

*''Konspiracyjne Varsaviana poetyckie 1939–1944: zarys informacyjny'' (Warsaw 1962) *''Organizacja małego sabotażu "Wawer" w Warszawie (1940–1944)'' (1966) *''Ten jest z Ojczyzny mojej. Polacy z pomocą Żydom 1939–1945'' (oprac. wspólnie z Zofią Lewinówną; Znak 1967, 1969) *''Warszawski pierścień śmierci 1939–1944'' (1967, 1970; ponadto wydania w języku angielskim 1968 i niemieckim 1970) *''Kronika wydarzeń w Warszawie 1939–1949'' (oprac.; wespół z Bogdanem Brzezińskim i Leszkiem Moczulskim; Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe 1970) *''Ludność cywilna w Powstaniu Warszawskim. Prasa, druki ulotne i inne publikacje powstańcze'' t. I-III (oprac.; praca zbiorowa; Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy 1974) *''1859 dni Warszawy'' (introduction by Aleksander Gieysztor; bibliography of W. Bartoszewski by Zofia Steczowicz-Sajderowa; index by Zofia Bartoszewska; '' Znak'' 1974; 2nd edition expanded: 1984, ) *''Polskie Państwo Podziemne'' (inauguracyjny wykład TKN wygłoszony w Warszawie 2 XI 1979; II obieg; Niezależna Oficyna Wydawnicza NOWa 1979, 1980; OW "Solidarność" MKZ, Wrocław 1981; Komitet Wyzwolenia Społecznego 1981; Agencja Informacyjna Solidarności Walczącej, Lublin 1985) *''Los Żydów Warszawy 1939–1943. W czterdziestą rocznicę powstania w getcie warszawskim'' (Puls, Londyn 1983; Bez Cięć 1985 I obieg Międzyzakładowa Struktura "Solidarności" 1985 I obieg wydanie 2 poprawione i rozszerzone: Puls 1988, ; Fakt, Łódź 1989 I obieg *''Jesień nadziei: warto być przyzwoitym'' (II obieg; tł. z wydania zach.-niem.; posłowie Reinholda Lehmanna; ublin Spotkania 1984, 1986) *''Dni walczącej stolicy. Kronika Powstania Warszawskiego'' (Aneks, Londyn 1984; Krąg, Warsaw 1984 I obieg Alfa 1989, ; Świat Książki 2004, ) *''Metody i praktyki Bezpieki w pierwszym dziesięcioleciu PRL'' (pod pseud. ''Jan Kowalski''; II obieg; Grupy Polityczne "Wola", Ogólnopolski Komitet Oporu Robotników "Solidarność" 1985; Biuletyn Łódzki 1985; Apel 1986; Rota 1986) *''Syndykat zbrodni'' (pod pseudonimem "ZZZ"; 1986) *''Na drodze do niepodległości'' (Editions Spotkania, Paryż 1987, ) *''Warto być przyzwoitym. szkic do pamiętnika'' (II obieg; CDN 1988) *''Warto być przyzwoitym. Teksty osobiste i nieosobiste'' (Polskie tłumaczenie książki pt.: ''Herbst der Hoffnungen: es lohnt sich, anständig zu sein''; Wydawnictwo Polskiej Prowincji Dominikanów W drodze 1990, ; wydanie 2 zmienione: 2005, ) *''Ponad podziałami. Wybrane przemówienia i wywiady – lipiec-grudzień 2000'' (Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych 2001, ) *''Wspólna europejska odpowiedzialność. Wybrane przemówienia i wywiady, styczeń-lipiec 2001'' (Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych 2001, ) *''Moja Jerozolima, mój Izrael. Władysław Bartoszewski w rozmowie z Joanną Szwedowską'' (posłowie: Andrzej Paczkowski; Rosner i Wspólnicy 2005, ) *''Władysław Bartoszewski: wywiad-rzeka'' (rozmowy z Michałem Komarem; Świat Książki 2006, ) *''Dziennik z internowania. Jaworze 15 December 1981 – 19 April 1982'' (Świat Książki 2006) *''Pisma wybrane 1942–1957, Tom I'' (Universitas 2007, )


German

*''Die polnische Untergrundpresse in den Jahren 1939 bis 1945'' (Druckerei und Verlagsanstalt, Konstanz 1967) *''Das Warschauer Ghetto wie es wirklich war. Zeugenbericht eines Christen'' (1983; also American and English edition) *''Herbst der Hoffnungen: Es lohnt sich, anständig zu sein'' (Herder 1983; ; 1984, ; 1986, ) *''Aus der Geschichte lernen? Aufsätze und Reden zur Kriegs- und Nachkriegsgeschichte Polens'' (foreword: Stanisław Lem; Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag,
Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...
1986) *''Uns eint vergossenes Blut. Juden und Polen in der Zeit der Endlösung'' (1987) *''Polen und Juden in der Zeit der "Endlösung"'' (Informationszentrum im Dienste der christlich-jüdischen Verständigung,
Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...
1990; ) *''Kein Frieden ohne Freiheit. Betrachtungen eines Zeitzeugen am Ende des Jahrhunderts'' (2000) *''Und reiß uns den Hass aus der Seele'' (Deutsch-Polnischer Verlag 2005; )


Awards and honors

:1944: Silver Cross of Merit with Swords and the Cross of Valor :1963: Knight's Cross of the Polonia Restituta :1965: Righteous Among the Nations :1981: Honorary doctorate from the
University of London The University of London (UoL; abbreviated as Lond or more rarely Londin in Post-nominal letters, post-nominals) is a collegiate university, federal Public university, public research university located in London, England, United Kingdom. The ...
:1983: Herder Prize, Vienna :1984: Honorary doctorate from the University of Baltimore :1986: Peace Prize of the German Book Trade :1986: Commander's Cross with Star of the Polonia Restituta :1992: Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class :1995: Knight of the Order of the White Eagle :1995: Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash for Services to the Republic of Austria (''Großes Goldenes Ehrenzeichen am Bande'') :1996: Heinrich Heine Prize of the city of
Düsseldorf Düsseldorf is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany. It is the second-largest city in the state after Cologne and the List of cities in Germany with more than 100,000 inhabitants, seventh-largest city ...
:1997: Grand Cross with Star of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany :2001: Grand Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany – "For work of reconciliation between Poles, Germans and Jews" :2006: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St. Gregory the Great (Holy See; the highest papal award given to lay people) :2006: Knight of Freedom Award :2007: Jan Nowak-Jezioranski Prize of the Embassy of the USA :June 2007: International Adalbert Prize in
Bratislava Bratislava (German: ''Pressburg'', Hungarian: ''Pozsony'') is the Capital city, capital and largest city of the Slovakia, Slovak Republic and the fourth largest of all List of cities and towns on the river Danube, cities on the river Danube. ...
:2008: Prize of €15,000 – first European Civil Rights Prize of the
Sinti The Sinti (masc. sing. ''Sinto''; fem. sing. ''Sintetsa, Sinta'') are a subgroup of the Romani people. They are found mostly in Germany, France, Italy and Central Europe, numbering some 200,000 people. They were traditionally Itinerant groups i ...
and Roma :2009: Commander of the Legion of Honor (France) :2009: " Bene Merito" honorary distinction (Poland) :2012: Order of the White Double Cross, 2nd class :2013: Elie Wiesel Award :2015: Honorary citizen of
Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...


References

The article was originally a translation of its Polish version ( Władysław Bartoszewski), with additions from the German version.


External links


Władysław Bartoszewski – BlogAddress by the former Foreign Minister of Poland Wladislaw Bartoszewski at the ceremony of the 60th anniversary of the liberation of the concentration camp at Auschwitz-Birkenau, 27 January 2005
see page 156, 157

* ttp://db.yadvashem.org/righteous/family.html?language=en&itemId=4013821 About Władysław Bartoszewskiat Yad Vashem website
Audio recordings with Władysław Bartoszewski
in the Online Archive of the Österreichische Mediathek (Interviews and lectures in German). Retrieved 18 September 2019 {{DEFAULTSORT:Bartoszewski, Wladyslaw 1922 births 2015 deaths 20th-century Polish journalists 20th-century Roman Catholics 21st-century Polish journalists 21st-century Roman Catholics Ambassadors of Poland to Austria Auschwitz concentration camp survivors Catholic Righteous Among the Nations Commander's Crosses of the Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas Commanders of the Legion of Honour Commanders with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta Grand Crosses 1st class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany Herder Prize recipients Home Army members Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Gregory the Great Knights of St. Gregory the Great Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts Members of the Senate of Poland 1997–2001 Ministers of foreign affairs of Poland People detained by the Polish Ministry of Public Security Polish male journalists Polish opinion journalists Polish Righteous Among the Nations Polish Roman Catholic writers Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty people Recipients of the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland) Recipients of the Gold Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis Recipients of the Grand Decoration with Sash for Services to the Republic of Austria Recipients of the Meritorious Activist of Culture badge Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 1st Class Recipients of the Order of Merit of Baden-Württemberg Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland) Recipients of the Silver Cross of Merit (Poland) Roman Catholic activists Warsaw Uprising insurgents Writers from Warsaw Żegota members