Weiden–Oberkotzau Railway
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The Weiden–Oberkotzau railway is a two-track main line railway in
Bavaria Bavaria, officially the Free State of Bavaria, is a States of Germany, state in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the list of German states by area, largest German state by land area, comprising approximately 1/5 of the total l ...
, Germany. It connects with the
Regensburg–Weiden railway The Regensburg–Weiden railway is a two-track main line railway in Bavaria, Germany. It connects the Upper Palatinate district capital of Regensburg via Schwandorf with Weiden in der Oberpfalz. Route description The line begins at Regensbu ...
in
Weiden in der Oberpfalz Weiden in der Oberpfalz (, ; official abbreviation: Weiden i.d.OPf.; Northern Bavarian: ''Weidn in da Owapfalz'') is a district-free city in Bavaria, Germany. It is located east of Nuremberg and west of the Czech border. Weiden is the second b ...
and runs via
Marktredwitz Marktredwitz () is a town in the district of Wunsiedel, in Bavaria, Germany, close to the Czech border, 22 km west of Cheb, 50 km east of Bayreuth and 50 km south of Hof/Saale. Marktredwitz station is at the junction of the Nuremb ...
to
Oberkotzau Oberkotzau is a municipality in Upper Franconia in the district of Hof in Bavaria in Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the nor ...
, where it joins the
Bamberg–Hof railway The Bamberg–Hof railway is a -long main line that runs through Bavaria in southern Germany. The line runs from Bamberg via Lichtenfels, Kulmbach, Neuenmarkt- Wirsberg and Münchberg to Hof. The section from Hof to Neuenmarkt now forms par ...
. The line forms part of a long-distance route from
Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...
to Hof, continuing to
Leipzig Leipzig (, ; ; Upper Saxon: ; ) is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Saxony. The city has a population of 628,718 inhabitants as of 2023. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, eighth-largest city in Ge ...
and
Dresden Dresden (; ; Upper Saxon German, Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; , ) is the capital city of the States of Germany, German state of Saxony and its second most populous city after Leipzig. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, 12th most p ...
.


History

The line was opened in several sections. The section from Weiden to Wiesau was built by the
Bavarian Eastern Railway Company The Royal Bavarian Eastern Railway Company (''Königlich privilegirte Actiengesellschaft der bayerischen Ostbahnen'') or Bavarian Ostbahn was founded in 1856. Within just two decades it built an extensive railway network in the eastern Bavarian prov ...
(''Bayerischen Ostbahnen'') as part of a connection from Regensburg to
Cheb Cheb (; ) is a town in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 33,000 inhabitants. It lies on the Ohře River. Before the Expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia, expulsion of Germans in 1945, the town was the centre of the G ...
(German: Eger) and operated by it until it was nationalised in 1876. The section from Weiden via Wiesau and continuing to Mitterteich was opened to traffic on 15 August 1864. After the opening of the link from Mitterteich to Cheb on 15 October 1865 and the opening of the link from Hof to Cheb on 1 November 1865, it was possible to travel by train from Regensburg to Hof—but only with the detour via Cheb, which is located in
Bohemia Bohemia ( ; ; ) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. In a narrow, geographic sense, it roughly encompasses the territories of present-day Czechia that fall within the Elbe River's drainage basin, but historic ...
and at that time belonged to the
Austro-Hungarian Empire Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military and diplomatic alliance, it consist ...
and is now in the
Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...
. A connection was opened to Markt Redwitz on 15 August 1877. The Markt Redwitz—Nuremberg section of the
Nuremberg–Cheb railway The Nuremberg–Cheb railway is a 151 km long, non-electrified main line, mainly in the German state of Bavaria. It runs from Nuremberg via Lauf an der Pegnitz, Hersbruck, Pegnitz (city), Pegnitz, Speichersdorf, Kirchenlaibach, Marktredwitz ...
was opened on 15 August 1878. This line was extended to Cheb in 1883. The gap between Wiesau and Marktredwitz on Bavarian territory was closed on 1 June 1882, completing the current Weiden–Hof route. ;Opening dates * Weiden–Wiesau (–Cheb): 15 August 1864 * Holenbrunn–Oberkotzau: 15 August 1877 * Marktredwitz–Holenbrunn: 15 May 1878 * Wiesau–Marktredwitz: 1 June 1882 The line was single-track until 1900. The duplication of the line caused problems in Groschlattengrün station, which was located in the village of Pechbrunn next to the local
basalt Basalt (; ) is an aphanite, aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the planetary surface, surface of a terrestrial ...
works and could not be moved. On 30 and 31 October 1900, the entrance building was therefore removed from its foundations, raised by four centimetres and moved by ten metres. During this work, operations continued, even in the station building, without any significant interruptions. There was a serious railway accident at the southern entrance to Marktredwitz station on 9 July 1939. A D 25 express from
Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...
to Berlin Anhalter Bahnhof continued over the ''Drei-Bögen-Brücke'' (three-arch bridge) into stationary freight wagons, which had detached from a preceding freight train. The train’s two locomotives,
Prussian P 8 The Prussian Class P 8 of the Prussian state railways (DRG Class 38.10-40 of the Deutsche Reichsbahn) was a 4-6-0 steam locomotive built from 1906 to 1923 by the Berliner Maschinenbau (previously Schwartzkopff) and twelve other German factories. ...
''38 2145'' and ''38 2401'', and the first carriages of the train were derailed and fell from the bridge. Until the end of the Second World War, the line was part of the most important long-distance route in southern Germany, connecting Munich,
Dresden Dresden (; ; Upper Saxon German, Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; , ) is the capital city of the States of Germany, German state of Saxony and its second most populous city after Leipzig. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, 12th most p ...
and
Wrocław Wrocław is a city in southwestern Poland, and the capital of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. It is the largest city and historical capital of the region of Silesia. It lies on the banks of the Oder River in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Eu ...
(German: Breslau). In the 1939 summer timetable, a total of eleven express trains ran on the line. In addition to express trains from Munich to Dresden, Wroclaw and continuing to the Upper Silesian city of
Bytom Bytom (Polish pronunciation: ; Silesian language, Silesian: ''Bytōm, Bytōń'', ) is a city in Upper Silesia, in southern Poland. Located in the Silesian Voivodeship, the city is 7 km northwest of Katowice, the regional capital. It is one ...
(German: Beuthen), long-distance trains ran on the Vienna–Leipzig–Hamburg,
Berchtesgaden Berchtesgaden () is a municipality in the district Berchtesgadener Land, Bavaria, in southeastern Germany, near the border with Austria, south of Salzburg and southeast of Munich. It lies in the Berchtesgaden Alps. South of the town, the Be ...
–Berlin/Dresden and Rome–Munich–Leipzig–Berlin routes. The
Regionalbahn The ''Regionalbahn'' (; lit. Regional train; abbreviated ''RB'') is a train categories in Europe, type of Regional rail, local passenger train (stopping train) in Germany. It is similar to the Regionalzug (R) and Regio (Swiss railway train), R ...
services on the whole line were formerly operated by Oberpfalzbahn of the Die Länderbahn (formerly ''Vogtlandbahn'') with
Siemens Desiro The Siemens Desiro (, , ) is a family of Diesel multiple unit, diesel or electric multiple unit passenger trains developed by Siemens Mobility, a division of the German Siemens, Siemens AG conglomerate. The main variants are the Desiro Classic, ...
diesel railcars. The Regionalbahn services on the Marktredwitz–Hof section were reassigned as part of the ''Dieselnetz Oberfranken'' (Upper Franconia diesel network) tendered by
Bayerische Eisenbahngesellschaft Bayerische Eisenbahngesellschaft (BEG; German for ''Bavarian Railways Company'') is the passenger transport company for regional railways in Bavaria. Founded in 1995, it is organised as a GmbH wholly owned by the Bavarian Government. The company ...
on 8 February 2008. '' agilis'' took over operations of the Regionalbahn services In December 2012. This allowed an increase in services, including a continuous Hof–Marktredwitz Regionalbahn service.


Route description

The line runs from Weiden along the Waldnaab and Fichtelnaab rivers via
Neustadt an der Waldnaab Neustadt an der Waldnaab (; ; ) is a municipality in Bavaria, Germany, and county seat of the district Neustadt an der Waldnaab. Sister cities Neustadt an der Waldnaab has one sister city: * Hays, Kansas Hays is a city in and the cou ...
, Windischeschenbach, Reuth bei Erbendorf to Wiesau, passes by the
Steinwald The Steinwald is a mountain range up to in southern Germany and, at the same time, a nature park (''Steinwald Nature Park'') founded in 1970 with an area of in the province of Upper Palatinate, in North Bavaria. Geography Geographica ...
range on its east side and connects with the line from Nuremberg, running from the west, in Marktredwitz station. Between Weiden and Marktredwitz, four lines once branched off from the line: in Neustadt, the line to Eslarn, in Reuth, the line to Erbendorf and in Wiesau the line from Bärnau and the line to Cheb via Waldsassen. A 600 mm gauge field railway ( Feldbahn), the Reuth–Friedenfels railway, also began in Reuth, which ran to the town of Friedenfels about six kilometres away. A line branches off from Marktredwitz to Schirnding and Cheb. This line continues north through the towns of Holenbrunn, Röslau and Marktleuthen and crosses the eastern foothills of the Fichtelgebirge on its way to Hof. From Fattigau, the line runs parallel to the
Saale The Saale (), also known as the Saxon Saale ( ) and Thuringian Saale (), is a river in Germany and a left-bank tributary of the Elbe. It is not to be confused with the smaller Fränkische Saale, Franconian Saale, a right-bank tributary of the M ...
and the line from Bamberg, which it joins at Oberkotzau station.


References


Bibliography

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Weiden-Oberkotzau railway Railway lines in Bavaria Neustadt an der Waldnaab (district) Tirschenreuth (district) Buildings and structures in Schwandorf (district) Buildings and structures in Wunsiedel (district) Buildings and structures in Hof (district) Railway lines opened in 1864 1864 establishments in Bavaria Weiden in der Oberpfalz