Vladimir (, ) is a
city
A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...
and the
administrative center
An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located.
In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgiu ...
of
Vladimir Oblast
Vladimir Oblast () is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693.
The UNESCO World Heritage L ...
,
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...
, located on the
Klyazma River, east of
Moscow
Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...
. It is served by a railway and the
M7 motorway. Population:
History
Vladimir was
one of the medieval capitals of Russia, with significant buildings surviving from the 12th century. Two of its Russian Orthodox cathedrals, a monastery, and associated buildings have been designated among the
White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal, a UNESCO
World Heritage Site
World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection under an treaty, international treaty administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance. The sites are judged to contain "cultural and natural ...
. In the past, the city was also known as Vladimir-on-Klyazma () and Vladimir-Zalessky (), to distinguish it from
another Vladimir/Volodymyr in
Volhynia
Volhynia or Volynia ( ; see #Names and etymology, below) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in ...
(modern-day
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...
).
Foundation
The founding date of Vladimir is disputed between 990 and 1108. In the ''
Novgorod First Chronicle
The Novgorod First Chronicle ( rus, Новгоро́дская пе́рвая ле́топись, Novgoródskaya pérvaya létopisʹ, nəvɡɐˈrot͡skəjə ˈpʲervəjə ˈlʲetəpʲɪsʲ, commonly abbreviated as NPL), also known by its 1914 Eng ...
'', Vladimir is mentioned under the year 1108, and during the Soviet period, this year was decreed to be its foundation year with the view that attributes the founding of the city, and its name, to
Vladimir Monomakh, who inherited the region as part of the
Rostov-Suzdal Principality in 1093. It is named there as ''Vladimir''. The chronicles also describe how inhabitants from neighbouring towns, namely
Suzdal
Suzdal (, ) is a Types of inhabited localities in Russia, town that serves as the administrative center of Suzdalsky District in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, which is located along the Kamenka tributary of the Nerl (Klyazma), Nerl River, north o ...
and
Rostov, alluded to Vladimir as a young town. Accordingly, the 850th anniversary of the city foundation was celebrated in 1958, with many monuments from the celebrations adorning the city; this enabled
Nikita Khrushchev
Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (– 11 September 1971) was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and the Premier of the Soviet Union, Chai ...
, who recently took power in the Soviet Union, to link his administration with early Russian history.
In the 1990s, a new opinion developed that the city was instead founded in 990 by
Vladimir the Great
Vladimir I Sviatoslavich or Volodymyr I Sviatoslavych (; Christian name: ''Basil''; 15 July 1015), given the epithet "the Great", was Prince of Novgorod from 970 and Grand Prince of Kiev from 978 until his death in 1015. The Eastern Orthodox ...
, with local historians supporting the alternative foundation date and citing various chronicle sources. Scholars reinterpreted certain passages in the ''
Hypatian Codex,'' which mentions that the region was visited by
Vladimir the Great
Vladimir I Sviatoslavich or Volodymyr I Sviatoslavych (; Christian name: ''Basil''; 15 July 1015), given the epithet "the Great", was Prince of Novgorod from 970 and Grand Prince of Kiev from 978 until his death in 1015. The Eastern Orthodox ...
, the "father" of
Russian Orthodoxy, in 990, so as to move the city foundation date to that year. The Charter of Vladimir, the
basic law of the city passed in 2005, explicitly mentions 990 as the date of the city's foundation.
[Charter of Vladimir, Article 3.] The city administration officially recognizes 990 as the foundation date.
Vladimir-Suzdal
The city's most historically significant events occurred after the turn of the 12th century. Serving its original purpose as a defensive outpost for the
Rostov-Suzdal Principality, Vladimir had little political or military influence throughout the reign of Vladimir Monomakh (1113–1125), or his son
Yury Dolgoruky ("Far-Reaching") (1154–1157).
Under Dolgoruky's son,
Andrey Bogolyubsky (1157–1175) (also known as Andrew the Pious), the city became the center of the
Vladimir-Suzdal Principality. It had a Golden Age, which lasted until the
Mongol invasion of Rus'
The Mongol Empire invaded and conquered much of Kievan Rus' in the mid-13th century, sacking numerous cities such as Principality of Ryazan, Ryazan, Principality of Yaroslavl, Yaroslavl, Principality of Pereyaslavl, Pereyaslavl and Vladimi ...
in 1237. During this time, Vladimir enjoyed immense growth and prosperity. Andrey oversaw the building of the city's
Golden Gates and the
Dormition Cathedral. In 1164, Andrey attempted to establish a new
metropolitanate
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
Eastern Ortho ...
in Vladimir, separate from that of Kiev. He was rebuffed by the
Patriarch of Constantinople
The ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople () is the archbishop of Constantinople and (first among equals) among the heads of the several autocephalous churches that comprise the Eastern Orthodox Church. The ecumenical patriarch is regarded as ...
.
Scores of Russian,
German, and
Georgian masons worked on Vladimir's white stone cathedrals, monastery, towers, and palaces. Unlike any other northern buildings, their exterior was elaborately carved with high
relief
Relief is a sculpture, sculptural method in which the sculpted pieces remain attached to a solid background of the same material. The term ''wikt:relief, relief'' is from the Latin verb , to raise (). To create a sculpture in relief is to give ...
stone sculptures. Only three of these edifices stand today: the Dormition Cathedral, the
Cathedral of Saint Demetrius, and the Golden Gate. They are included among the
White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal, designated as a UNESCO
World Heritage Site
World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection under an treaty, international treaty administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance. The sites are judged to contain "cultural and natural ...
.
During Andrey's reign, a royal palace in
Bogolyubovo was built, as well as the world-famous
Church of the Intercession on the Nerl, now considered one of the jewels of ancient
Russian architecture. Andrey was assassinated at his palace at
Bogolyubovo in 1175.

Vladimir was besieged by the
Mongol
Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia, China (Inner Mongolia and other 11 autonomous territories), as well as the republics of Buryatia and Kalmykia in Russia. The Mongols are the principal member of the large family of M ...
-
Tatars of the
Golden Horde
The Golden Horde, self-designated as ''Ulug Ulus'' ( in Turkic) was originally a Mongols, Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. With the division of ...
under
Batu Khan
Batu Khan (–1255) was a Mongol ruler and founder of the Golden Horde, a constituent of the Mongol Empire established after Genghis Khan's demise. Batu was a son of Jochi, thus a grandson of Genghis Khan. His '' ulus'' ruled over the Kievan ...
. It was finally overrun on February 8, 1238. A great fire destroyed thirty-two limestone buildings on the first day alone, while the grand prince's family perished in a church where they sought refuge from the flames. The grand prince escaped, but was killed at the
Battle of the Sit River the following month.
Grand Principality of Moscow
After the Mongols, Vladimir never fully recovered. The most important Rus' prince (usually the Prince of Moscow, but sometimes a Tver or another principality) was styled the Grand Prince of Vladimir, but the title had become an honorific symbol of majesty. From 1299 to 1325, the city was seat of the
metropolitans of Kiev and All Rus', until
Metropolitan Peter Metropolitan Peter may refer to:
*Peter of Moscow (died 1326), metropolitan of Kiev
*Petro Mohyla (1596–1647), metropolitan of Kiev and Ecumenical Patriarch
*Petar II Petrović-Njegoš (1813–1851), metropolitan of Cetinje and ruler of Montenegr ...
moved the See to
Moscow
Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...
in 1325.
The Grand Princes of Vladimir were originally crowned in Vladimir's Assumption Cathedral, but when Moscow superseded Vladimir in the 14th century as the seat of the Grand Prince, the
Assumption Cathedral in the Moscow Kremlin became the site of their coronation. The Moscow cathedral was loosely copied by the Italian architect
Aristotele Fioravanti from Vladimir's original.
After the rise of Moscow, Grand Princes of Moscow continued to build several new churches in Vladimir. Notable examples include the Annunciation Church at Snovitsy (ca. 1501), three kilometers northwest of the city, and a church in the
Knyaginin Nunnery (ca. 1505), which today includes murals dating from 1648.
Imperial Russia
Remains of the prince-saint
Alexander Nevsky
Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky (; ; monastic name: ''Aleksiy''; 13 May 1221 – 14 November 1263) was Prince of Novgorod (1236–1240; 1241–1256; 1258–1259), Grand Prince of Kiev (1249–1263), and Grand Prince of Vladimir (1252–1263).
...
were kept in the ancient Nativity Abbey of Vladimir until 1703, when
Peter the Great
Peter I (, ;
– ), better known as Peter the Great, was the Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia, Tsar of all Russia from 1682 and the first Emperor of Russia, Emperor of all Russia from 1721 until his death in 1725. He reigned j ...
had them transferred to the
Monastery (now Lavra) of Alexander Nevsky in
St. Petersburg. The Nativity Church (built from 1191 to 1196) collapsed several years later, after workmen tried to fashion more windows in its walls in an effort to brighten the interior.
The city was the center of , part of
Moscow Governorate
The Moscow Governorate was a province ('' guberniya'') of the Tsardom of Russia, and the Russian Empire. It was bordered by Tver Governorate to the north, Vladimir Governorate to the northeast, Ryazan Governorate to the southeast, Tula Gove ...
from its establishment by Peter the Great in 1708. Vladimir was separated from Moscow Governorate and made the center of a new by a ukase of
Catherine the Great
Catherine II. (born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst; 2 May 172917 November 1796), most commonly known as Catherine the Great, was the reigning empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796. She came to power after overthrowing her husband, Peter I ...
in 1778. In 1796,
Paul I's administrative reform transformed the viceroyalty into the
Vladimir Governorate in the same borders.
In the years 1838–1840,
Alexander Herzen was exiled in Vladimir, passing through the city on the infamous ''
Vladimirka''.
In December 1858 the city began to operate
telegraph
Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas ...
. On June 14, 1861, the began to operate through Vladimir. In 1866, construction of a running water supply was completed, with telephone lines being put up in 1887 and the first electrical power lines on December 5, 1908.
On November 29, 1898, Vladimir provincial scientific archival commission was established.
Soviet Union
After the establishment of Soviet power, many streets were renamed in Vladimir; most of the parish churches were closed and condemned to be demolished.
In the first decades of Soviet rule industrialization occurred in Vladimir. On January 14, 1929, the Vladimir Governorate was abolished and the city became part of the newly formed
Ivanovo Industrial Oblast.
On August 14, 1944, Vladimir became the administrative center of a new
Vladimir Oblast
Vladimir Oblast () is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693.
The UNESCO World Heritage L ...
carved from
Ivanovo Oblast
Ivanovo Oblast () is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It had a population of 927,828 as of the Russian Census (2021), 2021 Russian Census.
Its three largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, cities are Ivanovo (the administrat ...
. In 1950 from the basis of the teachers' institute the
Vladimir Pedagogical Institute was created. On November 5, 1952, the first trolleybus line began to operate in the city.
In 1958 the was created, composed of a group of unique architectural monuments of Russian defense and church architecture. The monuments are located in three cities—Vladimir,
Suzdal
Suzdal (, ) is a Types of inhabited localities in Russia, town that serves as the administrative center of Suzdalsky District in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, which is located along the Kamenka tributary of the Nerl (Klyazma), Nerl River, north o ...
and
Gus-Khrustalny—as well as villages of
Bogolyubovo and
Kideksha.
Architecture of the Soviet period is present in structures such as building complexes and polytechnic colleges, the
Torpedo Stadium (built 1952), a reinforced concrete arch bridge over the river Klyaz'ma (1960), the Hotel Vladimir (1956), the Drama Theatre (1971) and others. In 1971 the city was awarded the
Order of Red Banner of Labor.
Administrative and municipal status
Vladimir is the
administrative center
An administrative centre is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune, is located.
In countries with French as the administrative language, such as Belgiu ...
of the
oblast
An oblast ( or ) is a type of administrative division in Bulgaria and several post-Soviet states, including Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. Historically, it was used in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. The term ''oblast'' is often translated i ...
.
[Law #130-OZ] Within the
framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with seventeen
rural localities, incorporated as the
City
A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...
of Vladimir—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the
districts
A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions ...
.
As a
municipal division, the City of Vladimir is incorporated as Vladimir Urban Okrug.
[Law #189-OZ]
Economy and military
Vladimir is home to several electrical and chemical factories, several food processing plants and two large thermal power stations. Tourism related to the historical sites is a major contributor to the city's economy.
The headquarters of the
27th Guards Rocket Army of the
Strategic Missile Troops
The Strategic Rocket Forces of the Russian Federation or the Strategic Missile Forces of the Russian Federation (RVSN RF; ) is a separate combat arm of the Russian Armed Forces that controls Russia's land-based intercontinental ballistic miss ...
is located in the city. During the
Cold War
The Cold War was a period of global Geopolitics, geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) and their respective allies, the capitalist Western Bloc and communist Eastern Bloc, which lasted from 1947 unt ...
, Vladimir was host to the
Dobrynskoye air force base.
Transportation
Since 1861, there has been a
railway
Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport using wheeled vehicles running in railway track, tracks, which usually consist of two parallel steel railway track, rails. Rail transport is one of the two primary means of ...
connection between Vladimir and Moscow. Vladimir is also linked to Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod by the
M7 highway. Local transport includes buses, trolleybuses, fixed-route minivans, and taxis.
Vladimir bus service links the city to all the district centers of Vladimir Oblast, as well as Moscow,
Ivanovo
Ivanovo (, ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Russia and the administrative center and largest city of Ivanovo Oblast, located northeast of Moscow and approximately from Yaroslavl, Vladimir, Russia, Vladimir and Kostroma. ...
,
Kostroma
Kostroma (, ) is a historic city and the administrative center of Kostroma Oblast, Russia. A part of the Golden Ring of Russian cities, it is located at the confluence of the rivers Volga and Kostroma. In the 2021 census, the population is 267, ...
,
Nizhny Novgorod
Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət, t=Lower Newtown; colloquially shortened to Nizhny) is a city and the administrative centre of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast an ...
,
Ryazan
Ryazan (, ; also Riazan) is the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and administrative center of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. The city is located on the banks of the Oka River in Central Russia, southeast of Moscow. As of the 2010 C ...
,
Yaroslavl
Yaroslavl (; , ) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl rivers. ...
and other cities.
At least 20 pairs of long-distance trains pass daily through Vladimir station, giving Vladimir year-round direct rail links to Moscow (
Kursk Station), St. Petersburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Since the summer of 2010 Vladimir (on the Nizhny Novgorod line) is a stopping point for the "
Peregrine Falcon
The peregrine falcon (''Falco peregrinus''), also known simply as the peregrine, is a Cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan bird of prey (raptor) in the family (biology), family Falconidae renowned for its speed. A large, Corvus (genus), cro ...
" high-speed train.
Vladimir also possesses a developed suburban rail system. It was the only city in Russia with concurrent commuter trains two Russian cities with subways.
The city is served by the
Semyazino Airport 5 km west of the city center.
Gallery
File:Vladimir train station.jpg, Vladimir railway station, June 2021
File:ЗиУ-682Г016.02 заводской номер 9028 во Владимире (№ 184).jpg, Trolleybus ZiU-9
File:Владимирский троллейбус - 2007 год.jpg, Trolza-5275 low-entry trolleybus
File:2018-03-21 Vladimir, RUS - A trolleybus route No.1.jpg, A trolleybus route #1
File:2018-03-21 Vladimir, RUS - A bus in Vladimir.jpg, A bus route #26
File:Vladimir Bus Station 3.jpg, The bus terminal in Vladimir
Population
Population:
Climate
Vladimir experiences a
humid continental climate
A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers, and cold ...
(
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...
''Dfb'') with long, cold winters and short, warm summers.
Sightseeing
Modern-day Vladimir is a part of the
Golden Ring of ancient Russian cities and a popular tourist destination. Its three chief monuments,
White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal, inscribed by
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO ) is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and International secur ...
on the World Heritage List, are the following:
#The magnificent five-domed
Dormition Cathedral was designed as the burial place of grand princes and dedicated to the holy icon the
Theotokos of Vladimir, which had been brought to the city by Andrey Bogolyubsky. The cathedral was constructed in 1158–1160, expanded in 1185–1189, and painted by the great
Andrei Rublev
Andrei Rublev (, ; ) was a Russian artist considered to be one of the greatest medieval Russian painters of Orthodox Christian icons and frescoes. He is revered as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, and his feast day is 29 January.
Ear ...
and
Daniil Chyorny in 1408. In 1810, a lofty bell-tower was added in
Neoclassical style.
#The helmet-domed
Cathedral of Saint Demetrius was built in 1194–1197 as a private chapel of Vsevolod the Big Nest in the courtyard of his palace and was consecrated to his holy patron,
St. Demetrius. For all its formal unity, the cathedral represents an international project of Russian and Byzantine masters,
Friedrich Barbarossa's masons, and carvers sent by Queen
Tamar of Georgia
Tamar the Great ( ka, თამარ მეფე, tr , ; 1160 – 18 January 1213) queen regnant, reigned as the List of monarchs of Georgia#Kings of unified Georgia (1008–1490), Queen of Kingdom of Georgia, Georgia from 1184 to 1213, ...
.
#The
Golden Gate
The Golden Gate is a strait on the west coast of North America that connects San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean. It is defined by the headlands of the San Francisco Peninsula and the Marin Peninsula, and, since 1937, has been spanned by ...
, originally a tower over the city's main gate, was built in 1158–1164. The gate acquired its present form after having been reconstructed in the late 18th century, to prevent the dilapidated structure from tumbling down.
Other remarkable monuments of pre-Mongol
Russian architecture are scattered in the vicinity. For more information on them, see
Suzdal
Suzdal (, ) is a Types of inhabited localities in Russia, town that serves as the administrative center of Suzdalsky District in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, which is located along the Kamenka tributary of the Nerl (Klyazma), Nerl River, north o ...
,
Yuriev-Polsky,
Bogolyubovo, and
Kideksha.
File:Public Park in Vladimir - Russia.JPG, Public park in Vladimir
File:Ансамбль Успенского собора.jpg, Assumption Cathedral
File:Dmitrovsky sobor6000.jpg, Cathedral of Saint Demetrius
File:Vladimir asv2019-01 img05 Golden Gate.jpg, Golden Gate
Education
Vladimir is the site of the following education establishments:
*
Vladimir State University
*
Vladimir branch of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
*Vladimir branch of
Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
*Vladimir branch of the
Russian University of Cooperation
*Vladimir Law Institute under the Ministry of Justice
*Vladimir Business Institute
*Vladimir Aviation Mechanics College
*Vladimir Pedagogical College
*Vladimir Polytechnic College
*Vladimir Basic Medical College
*Vladimir Construction College
*Vladimir Regional College of Music
*Vladimir Economy and Technology College
*Vladimir College of Technology
*Vladimir Industrial College
*Vladimir Chemical and Mechanical College
*College of Innovative Technologies and Entrepreneurship at Vladimir State University
Vladimir is also home to the Federal Centre for Animal Health and Welfare.
Sports
The city
association football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 Football player, players who almost exclusively use their feet to propel a Ball (association football), ball around a rectangular f ...
team,
FC Torpedo Vladimir, currently plays in the
second tier of Russian football having entered the league after seventeen years of competing in Russian third and fourth tiers.
Vladimir VC (previously known as Skat and Dinamo Vladimir) represents the city in Volleyball Major League B – Zone Europe. Vladimir is also home to Polaris-Vladimir ice hockey club, which competes in regional hockey competitions and Russian minor leagues, and Luch, which has both male and female table-tennis teams.
Twin towns – sister cities
Vladimir is
twinned with:
*
Anghiari, Italy
*
Antalya
Antalya is the fifth-most populous city in Turkey and the capital of Antalya Province. Recognized as the "capital of tourism" in Turkey and a pivotal part of the Turkish Riviera, Antalya sits on Anatolia's southwest coast, flanked by the Tau ...
, Turkey
*
Babruysk
Babruysk (, ) or Bobruysk (, ; , ) is a city in Mogilev Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Babruysk District, though it is administratively separated from the district. It is situated on the Berezina, Berezina River. Bab ...
, Belarus
*
Baoji
Baoji ( zh, s= , t= , p=Bǎojī; ) is a prefecture-level city in western Shaanxi province, People's Republic of China. Since the early 1990s, Baoji has been the second largest city in Shaanxi.
Geography
The prefecture-level city of Baoji had a ...
, China
*
Bloomington, United States
*
Bukhara
Bukhara ( ) is the List of cities in Uzbekistan, seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan by population, with 280,187 residents . It is the capital of Bukhara Region.
People have inhabited the region around Bukhara for at least five millennia, and t ...
, Uzbekistan
*
Campobasso
Campobasso (, ; ) is a city and ''comune'' in southern Italy, the capital of the region of Molise and of the province of Campobasso. It is located in the high basin of the Biferno river, surrounded by Sannio and Matese mountains.
Campobas ...
, Italy
*
Canterbury
Canterbury (, ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and UNESCO World Heritage Site, in the county of Kent, England; it was a county borough until 1974. It lies on the River Stour, Kent, River Stour. The city has a mild oceanic climat ...
, United Kingdom
*
Chongqing
ChongqingPostal Romanization, Previously romanized as Chungking ();. is a direct-administered municipality in Southwestern China. Chongqing is one of the four direct-administered municipalities under the State Council of the People's Republi ...
, China
*
Erlangen
Erlangen (; , ) is a Middle Franconian city in Bavaria, Germany. It is the seat of the administrative district Erlangen-Höchstadt (former administrative district Erlangen), and with 119,810 inhabitants (as of 30 September 2024), it is the smalle ...
, Germany
*
Gagra, Georgia
*
Haikou
Haikou; Chinese postal romanization, formerly romanized as Hoihow is the capital city, capital and most populous city of the Chinese province of Hainan. Haikou city is situated on the northern coast of Hainan, by the mouth of the Nandu River. ...
, China
*
Kardzhali
Kardzhali ( , ''Kărdžali''; ), sometimes spelt Kardžali or Kurdzhali, is List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, a town in the Eastern Rhodopes in Bulgaria, centre of Kardzhali Municipality and Kardzhali Province. The noted Kardzhali Reservoir is ...
, Bulgaria
*
Karlovo, Bulgaria
*
Kerava
Kerava (; ) is a town in Finland, located in the southern interior of the country. Kerava is situated in the centre of the Uusimaa region. The population of Kerava is approximately . It is the most populous Municipalities of Finland, municipality ...
, Finland
*
Khujand, Tajikistan
*
Leninsky (Minsk), Belarus
*
Normal, United States
*
Saintes, France
*
Sarasota, United States
*
Skive, Denmark
*
Vawkavysk, Belarus
;Former twin towns, terminated in 2022 due to the
Russian invasion of Ukraine
On 24 February 2022, , starting the largest and deadliest war in Europe since World War II, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, conflict between the two countries which began in 2014. The fighting has caused hundreds of thou ...
:
*
Jelenia Góra, Poland
*
Ústí nad Labem
Ústí nad Labem (; ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 91,000 inhabitants and is the capital of the Ústí nad Labem Region. It is a major industrial centre and, besides being an active river port, is an important railway junction.
...
, Czech Republic
Notable people
*
Valentin Afonin, association football player
*
Yuri Lodigin, association football player
*
Nikolai Andrianov
Nikolai Yefimovich Andrianov (; 14 October 1952 – 21 March 2011) was a Soviet and Russian gymnast.
He held the record for men for the most Olympic medals at 15 (7 gold medals, 5 silver medals, 3 bronze medals) until Michael Phelps surpass ...
, gymnast
*
Vladimir Artemov, gymnast
*
Aleksey Batalov, actor
*
Mikhail Lazarev, admiral
*
Yuri Levitan, radio announcer
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Anna Loginova, fashion model
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Alexey Prokurorov, cross-country skier
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Yuri Ryazanov, gymnast
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Vasily Shulgin, politician
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Mikhail Speransky, statesman
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Aleksandr Stoletov, physicist
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Nikolai Stoletov, general
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Sergei Taneyev
Sergey Ivanovich Taneyev (, ; – ) was a Russian composer, pianist, teacher of musical composition, composition, music theorist and author.
Life
Taneyev was born in Vladimir, Russia, Vladimir, Vladimir Governorate, Russian Empire, to a cultur ...
, composer
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Dmitri Vyazmikin, association football player
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Venedikt Yerofeyev, writer
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Denis Yevsikov, association football player
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Nikolay Zhukovsky, scientist
References
Notes
Sources
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Further reading
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External links
Tourism portal of the Vladimir region, RussiaOfficial website of Vladimir
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Tourist information on VladimirThe American Home in Vladimir
{{Use mdy dates, date=October 2012
Golden Ring of Russia
Holy cities
Vladimirsky Uyezd
World Heritage Sites in Russia