Tultitlán De Mariano Escobedo
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Tultitlán de Mariano Escobedo is the fourth largest town in and municipal seat of the
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...
of Tultitlán located in the northeastern part of the
State of México The State of Mexico, officially just Mexico, is one of the administrative divisions of Mexico, 32 federal entities of the United Mexican States. Colloquially known as Edomex (from , the abbreviation of , and ), to distinguish it from the name o ...
in
Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...
. It lies adjacent to the northern tip of the Federal District (Distrito Federal) and is part of the
Greater Mexico City Greater Mexico City is the conurbation around Mexico City, officially called the Metropolitan Area of the Valley of Mexico (). It encompasses Mexico City itself and 60 adjacent municipalities of Mexico, municipalities of the State of Mexico and Hi ...
urban area. Both the city and the municipality are interchangeably known as San Antonio Tultitlán or simply Tultitlán, a name which comes from
Náhuatl Nahuatl ( ; ), Aztec, or Mexicano is a language or, by some definitions, a group of languages of the Uto-Aztecan language family. Varieties of Nahuatl are spoken by about Nahuas, most of whom live mainly in Central Mexico and have smaller pop ...
meaning "among the tule plants". "de Mariano Escobedo" was added to the city's name in 1902 in honor of the general who fought in the
Mexican–American War The Mexican–American War (Spanish language, Spanish: ''guerra de Estados Unidos-México, guerra mexicano-estadounidense''), also known in the United States as the Mexican War, and in Mexico as the United States intervention in Mexico, ...
and for the liberals during the period of
La Reforma In History of Mexico, the history of Mexico, (from Spanish language, Spanish: "The Reform"), or reform laws, refers to a pivotal set of laws, including a Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1857, new constitution, that were ...
with
Benito Juárez Benito Pablo Juárez García (; 21 March 1806 – 18 July 1872) was a Mexican politician, military commander, and lawyer who served as the 26th president of Mexico from 1858 until his death in office in 1872. A Zapotec peoples, Zapotec, he w ...
.


The city

The bones of
mammoth A mammoth is any species of the extinct elephantid genus ''Mammuthus.'' They lived from the late Miocene epoch (from around 6.2 million years ago) into the Holocene until about 4,000 years ago, with mammoth species at various times inhabi ...
s and other animals have been found in the area, excavated starting in 1991. It is an important site because it establishes the presence of man here to about 15000–13000 BC, making it one of the oldest human settlements in the Americas. Ceramic pieces here date to about 400 BC.
Teotihuacan Teotihuacan (; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Teotihuacán'', ; ) is an ancient Mesoamerican city located in a sub-valley of the Valley of Mexico, which is located in the State of Mexico, northeast of modern-day Mexico City. Teotihuacan is ...
presence is documented around 200 to 750 AD, mostly agricultural villages that also produced items like baskets and rope. Between 850 and 1110, the area was inhabited by peoples speaking Náhuatl and Otomis, while the area was under
Toltec The Toltec culture () was a Pre-Columbian era, pre-Columbian Mesoamerican culture that ruled a state centered in Tula (Mesoamerican site), Tula, Hidalgo (state), Hidalgo, Mexico, during the Epiclassic and the early Post-Classic period of Mesoam ...
domination from the city of Tula (located in the present-day state of Hidalgo). The current city was founded by the Tepanecas in 1356, but its first
tlatoani ''Tlahtoāni'' ( , "ruler, sovereign"; plural ' ) is a historical title used by the dynastic rulers of (singular ''āltepētl'', often translated into English as "city-state"), autonomous political entities formed by many pre-Columbian Nahuatl- ...
(chief), named Cuauhtzinteuctli, did not begin his rule until 1408. The city's last tlatoani died in 1519 of
measles Measles (probably from Middle Dutch or Middle High German ''masel(e)'', meaning "blemish, blood blister") is a highly contagious, Vaccine-preventable diseases, vaccine-preventable infectious disease caused by Measles morbillivirus, measles v ...
brought over by the Spanish. After the Spanish Conquest, the area was reorganized into large
hacienda A ''hacienda'' ( or ; or ) is an estate (or '' finca''), similar to a Roman '' latifundium'', in Spain and the former Spanish Empire. With origins in Andalusia, ''haciendas'' were variously plantations (perhaps including animals or orchards ...
s with the city of Tultitlán under the jurisdiction of
Tacuba Tacuba is a district in the Ahuachapán department of El Salvador. Church Of Tacuba It is located in Villa of Tacuba. It is head of the municipality of the same name in the department of Ahuachapán, at about 14 Kilometers of the city of Ahuac ...
. The village became a parish in 1605. In 1645, an image of San Antonio de Padua arrived and became the town's patron saint. The small village remained so until 1969 when it was named a town, attaining city status in 1997. As of the 2010 census, the city's population was 31,936.2010 census tables: INEGI
Principal sites to see in the city include the Temple of San Lorenzo from the 16th century and modifications dating from the 18th century to the 20th century. The Temple of San Antonio de Padua was initiated in the 18th century and finished in the 20th. The Chapel of the Holy Cross (Capilla de la Santa Cruz) was probably begun in the 17th century and is now integrated into the new municipal palace. Aside from these constructions is a
cypress Cypress is a common name for various coniferous trees or shrubs from the ''Cupressus'' genus of the '' Cupressaceae'' family, typically found in temperate climates and subtropical regions of Asia, Europe, and North America. The word ''cypress'' ...
(ahuehuete) located in the center of the city that is at least 250 years old. Armando Portuguez Fuentes, municipal president, died of a heart attack on May 23, 2020. As of February 18, 2021, there were 4,771 reported cases and 766 deaths in the municipality attributed to the
COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico The COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico is part of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, worldwide pandemic of COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019 () caused by SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (). The virus was confirmed to hav ...
.


The municipality

As municipal seat, the city has governing jurisdiction over the following communities: Buenavista, Sierra de Guadalupe (Loma Sta. Ma. Guadalupe), San Pablo de las Salinas, Fuentes del Valle, Ampliación San Mateo (Colonia Solidaridad), El Cerrito (La Capilla), Colonia Lázaro Cárdenas (Los Hornos), Ejido la Reyna (La Reyna), Ejido de San Antonio Tultitlán, Paraje San Pablito, and Las Chinampas. The largest of these are Buenavista, San Pablo de las Salinas, and Fuentes del Valle. There was a total population of 524,074 in the municipality in 2010. It has the distinction of being the only municipality in Mexico that has two cities (localities) of over 100,000 population (Buenavista and San Pablo de las Salinas). It is also the only municipality with three localities of over 70,000 inhabitants (adding Fuentes del Valle), and the only one with four localities of over 30,000 (adding Tultitlán de Mario Escobedo, its own municipal seat). Buenavista and San Pablo de las Salinas are also the second- and third-largest cities (localities) in Mexico that are not a municipal seat (after Ojo de Agua, Tecámac Municipality, State of México).


Towns and villages

Localities (cities, towns, and villages) are: The municipality was established in 1820. It has two geographically separate sections. The larger southwestern section of the municipality, which contains its municipal seat, borders the municipalities of
Cuautitlán Cuautitlán (, Otomi: ), is a municipality in the State of Mexico, just north of the northern tip of the Federal District (Distrito Federal) within the Greater Mexico City urban area. The city of Cuautitlán is the municipal seat and makes up ...
, Tultepec, Coacalco de Berriozábal, Tlalnepantla,
Cuautitlán Izcalli Cuautitlán Izcalli () is a city and one of the 125 municipalities that make up the State of Mexico. Its municipal seat is Cuautitlán Izcalli. It is located in the Valley of Mexico area, and is part of the Metropolitan area of Mexico City. It ...
and the Gustavo A. Madero borough of Mexico City. The geographically separate northeastern section, which contains San Pablo de las Salinas, Paraje San Pablito, and Las Chinampas, is also bordered by
Ecatepec de Morelos Ecatepec (), officially Ecatepec de Morelos, is a municipality in the State of Mexico situated in the north of the Greater Mexico City urban area. The municipal seat is San Cristóbal Ecatepec. The city of Ecatepec is co-extensive with the mun ...
, Jaltenco, and Nextlalpan. The two sections are separated by the municipalities of Tultepec and Coacalco, which border both sections. The municipality has a territory of 71.1 km2 (27.45 sq mi). The area is subtropical due to its altitude with rainy and dry seasons. It divides into two geographic zones: the plains and the mountain range of La Sierra de Guadalupe, which extendes into various other municipalities and was declared an ecological park. The area is a source of building materials such as stone, and agricultural activities such as the grown of corn, alfalfa and fruit trees is still practiced. However, the urbanization of the area is diminishing the land dedicated to these activities. Industry is now the major employer with entities devoted to chemicals, cardboard boxes, plastics, and various types of metal production.


The June Festival

One of the most famous attractions in Tultitlan is the San Antonio Local Festival. Each year, it falls on June 14 when all the people from the neighboring areas of Tultitlan centers around the town's parish church to worship San Antonio de Padua, the saint who gives name to the town. The figure of the saint is carried along the streets among the crowd of people and musicians until it finally arrives to the church. The festival begins on June's first days and is extended almost for one month. Along the Festival there are many things to see such as the traditional pottery from the region and other handcraft objects produced in Mexican states. People can also appreciate the beautiful fireworks that are always fired up every night from the beginning to the end of the festival. It is also a perfect opportunity to explore the center of the plaza where many traditional food is found such as quesadillas, pambazos, tlacoyos, huaraches, tacos, baked bread, barbacoa made of sheep and other appetizers like strawberries in cream, fried sausages and many traditional candies (cocada, alegria, chilacayote and obleas). In addition to this food the inhabitants also can find a great variety of strange drinks made with combinations of vodka, beer, whisky, rum, tequila, coke and mineral water. Walking along the locals found in the streets there is a special area where many sorts of farm animals are placed. Many explorers stop here to get sheep, turkeys, chicken, pigs and even cows. For a low price they can get a new pet that would require a huge space at home.


Notable people

* Omar Lorméndez Pitalúa, Mexican
drug lord A drug lord, drug baron, kingpin, or lord of drugs is a type of crime boss in charge of a drug trafficking network, organization, or enterprise. Crime barons may be difficult to bring to justice: usually, they do not possess illegal goods. Ra ...
and high-ranking member of
Los Zetas Los Zetas (, Spanish for "The Zs") is a Mexican criminal syndicate and designated terrorist organization, known as one of the most dangerous of Mexico's drug cartels. They are known for engaging in brutally violent " shock and awe" tactics suc ...


References


External links


H. Ayuntamiento de Tultitlán
Official website {{DEFAULTSORT:Tultitlan de Mariano Escobedo Populated places in the State of Mexico Municipalities of the State of Mexico