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Stirling is a suburb of
Perth Perth () is the list of Australian capital cities, capital city of Western Australia. It is the list of cities in Australia by population, fourth-most-populous city in Australia, with a population of over 2.3 million within Greater Perth . The ...
, the capital city of
Western Australia Western Australia (WA) is the westernmost state of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Aust ...
, about 10 km north of Perth's central business district (CBD) along the
Mitchell Freeway The Mitchell Freeway is a controlled-access highway, freeway in the northern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia, linking Perth (suburb), central Perth with the city of Joondalup. It is the northern section of List of road routes in Western ...
. Its
local government area A local government area (LGA) is an administrative division of a country that a local government is responsible for. The size of an LGA varies by country but it is generally a subdivision of a federated state, state, province, division (politica ...
is the
City of Stirling The City of Stirling is a local government area in the northern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth about north of Perth's central business district. The City covers an area of and has a population of over 223,000, making ...
, whose council offices and administration centre are located in the southwest of the mostly residential suburb.


History

Stirling is named after James Stirling, the first Western Australian governor (1829–1838). The name was approved in April 1976 at the request of the
City of Stirling The City of Stirling is a local government area in the northern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth about north of Perth's central business district. The City covers an area of and has a population of over 223,000, making ...
, as the area contained the Council's headquarters. The suburb was part of Balcatta until 1976. Throughout the wetland regions, Aboriginals hunted for kangaroo, emu, snakes, tortoise, mudfish, gilgies and water birds and their eggs, to name a few food sources. Aboriginal sites are known to have existed in a few locations in the Gwelup-Balcatta region.


Early European settlement (to 1960)

The area's first European settlement was as an extension of the Osborne Park market area. Its initial growth in importance as an agricultural area in the 1920s came from three major factors: retired Chinese miners from the Eastern Goldfields, the post-
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
Soldier Settlement Scheme (many of whom had no experience in
intensive farming Intensive agriculture, also known as intensive farming (as opposed to extensive farming), conventional, or industrial agriculture, is a type of agriculture, both of arable farming, crop plants and of Animal husbandry, animals, with higher levels ...
), and an influx of
Italians Italians (, ) are a European peoples, European ethnic group native to the Italian geographical region. Italians share a common Italian culture, culture, History of Italy, history, Cultural heritage, ancestry and Italian language, language. ...
prior to
Mussolini Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who, upon assuming office as Prime Minister, became the dictator of Fascist Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his overthrow in 194 ...
's effective banning of emigration in 1927, who mostly started life in Western Australia as miners and woodcutters. Dino Gava noted: "The process of (Italian) chain migration was strong in Osborne Park and Wanneroo. They arrived ill-prepared with regard to language and education but their youth and willingness to work made them desirable settlers." By 1935, the area was producing all sorts of fruit and vegetables, and a 1961 newspaper reported that "hundreds of acres are under cultivation, (and) nearly all types of vegetable are produced in the area. Part of the produce is exported to other countries."


Suburban development (1960-)

Major changes occurred in the 1960s and 1970s. The main access to the area from Perth was via
Wanneroo Road Wanneroo Road is a arterial highway in the northern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia linking Joondanna and Yokine in the south with Wanneroo and Yanchep in the north. As part of State Route 60, it begins from Charles Street in the inner ...
and Balcatta Beach Road, a road which roughly corresponded to Karrinyup Road but included modern-day North Beach Drive and Osborne Place. Hertha Road (now Civic Place and Telford Crescent) was the main road in the area, and the site of the present-day footbridge was the municipal rubbish tip until the early 1970s. The Osborne Park hospital was opened on 4 April 1962 and the civic centre and council chambers were opened in 1966, along with houses in the George Street area near the civic centre. The postal district was approved and gazetted in April 1976, and over the next eight years, most of the suburb was subdivided and built. The building of the
Mitchell Freeway The Mitchell Freeway is a controlled-access highway, freeway in the northern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia, linking Perth (suburb), central Perth with the city of Joondalup. It is the northern section of List of road routes in Western ...
to Karrinyup Road in 1983-84 facilitated the growth of Stirling as a regional hub, and the bus/train interchange on the Joondalup line (now known as the Yanchep line) was completed in 1992. As at 2006, some subdivisions in the Stirling region are still being developed.


Geography

Stirling is bounded by the
Mitchell Freeway The Mitchell Freeway is a controlled-access highway, freeway in the northern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia, linking Perth (suburb), central Perth with the city of Joondalup. It is the northern section of List of road routes in Western ...
between Erindale Road and Hutton Street on the west and south, Amelia and Poincaire Streets to the north, and an uneven line running roughly south from Jones Street's north-south section to the east. Lake estates and public parks, including the Stirling Civic Gardens, make up a moderate percentage of the suburb's area.


Demographics

At the 2001 Australian census, Stirling had a population of 5,752 people living in 2,159 dwellings, many of which are single detached dwellings, many of them two-storey brick on relatively large lots. The suburb is one of Perth's most ethnically diverse - in 2001, 23% were of Italian descent, 24% of
Macedonian Macedonian most often refers to someone or something from or related to Macedonia. Macedonian(s) may refer to: People Modern * Macedonians (ethnic group), a nation and a South Slavic ethnic group primarily associated with North Macedonia * Mac ...
, 6% Asian and 4% Greek, and this reflects strongly in the architectural styles which have been adopted in the area.


Facilities

Stirling is host to the Osborne Park Hospital, a 205-bed community general hospital which offers some specialist services as well as radiology and pathology. There are no schools within the suburb, although Balcatta Senior High School is located on the northern boundary (Poincaire Street) and numerous primary schools are located in nearby Gwelup, Osborne Park and Balcatta. Stirling relies on the Stirling Village shopping centre, containing an
IGA IGA or IgA may refer to: Businesses and organizations * IGA (supermarkets) (initially Independent Grocers Alliance), a name used by many independent supermarkets throughout the world ** IGA (Australian supermarket group), the local Australian v ...
and specialty stores, in Cedric Street for basic commercial services, and Karrinyup Shopping Centre for other services. Numerous reserves and sports grounds are scattered throughout the area. The Stirling Lions soccer club is based just outside the suburb.


Transport

Stirling is served by the Stirling train station, which is a 9-minute commute to the Perth CBD. Services through the suburb include the
Transperth Transperth is the public transport system for Perth and surrounding areas in Western Australia. It is managed by the Public Transport Authority (PTA), a state government organisation, and consists of train, bus and ferry services. Bus operat ...
414 bus route running along Cedric Street between Stirling and
Glendalough Glendalough (; ) is a glacial valley in County Wicklow, Ireland, renowned for an Early Medieval monastic settlement founded in the 6th century by St Kevin. From 1825 to 1957, the head of the Glendalough Valley was the site of a galena lead min ...
, the 403/404 routes from Perth which services Hamilton Street in the suburb's southeast, and the
CircleRoute The CircleRoute is a pair of circular Transperth bus routes through Perth's suburbs. History The CircleRoute was introduced in two stages. On 16 February 1998, the first stage of the CircleRoute commenced operating between Fremantle and Oa ...
along lower Cedric Street and Karrinyup Road. The Public Transport Authority is responsible for these services.


Bus

* 402 Stirling Station to
Perth Busport Perth Busport is an underground central bus station in Perth, Western Australia, located underneath Wellington Street. It was officially opened by then Premier of Western Australia Colin Barnett and then Minister for Transport Dean Nalder o ...
– serves Cedric Street and Karrinyup Road * 403 Stirling Station to
Perth Busport Perth Busport is an underground central bus station in Perth, Western Australia, located underneath Wellington Street. It was officially opened by then Premier of Western Australia Colin Barnett and then Minister for Transport Dean Nalder o ...
– serves Cedric Street, Karrinyup Road, Telford Crescent, Messina Avenue, Cassino Drive and Hamilton Street * 414 Stirling Station to Glendalough Station – serves Cedric Street, Karrinyup Road and Jones Street * 415 Stirling Station to
Mirrabooka Bus Station Mirrabooka bus station is a Transperth bus station in Mirrabooka, Western Australia, Mirrabooka approximately 12 kilometres north of Perth, Western Australia. It has 12 stands and is served by 14 Transperth routes operated by Path Transit and S ...
– serves Cedric Street * 424 Stirling Station to Karrinyup Bus Station – serves Cedric Street and Karrinyup Road * 425 Stirling Station to Warwick Station – serves Cedric Street and Karrinyup Road * 427 Stirling Station to Warwick Station – serves Cedric Street, Civic Place, Hugo Street, Osborne Place, Karrinyup Road and Erindale Road * 428 Stirling Station to Warwick Station – serves Cedric Street, Amelia Street and Odin Drive * 998 Fremantle Station to Fremantle Station (limited stops) –
CircleRoute The CircleRoute is a pair of circular Transperth bus routes through Perth's suburbs. History The CircleRoute was introduced in two stages. On 16 February 1998, the first stage of the CircleRoute commenced operating between Fremantle and Oa ...
Clockwise, serves Stirling Station, Cedric Street and Karrinyup Road * 999 Fremantle Station to Fremantle Station (limited stops) –
CircleRoute The CircleRoute is a pair of circular Transperth bus routes through Perth's suburbs. History The CircleRoute was introduced in two stages. On 16 February 1998, the first stage of the CircleRoute commenced operating between Fremantle and Oa ...
Anti-Clockwise, serves Karrinyup Road, Cedric Street and Stirling Station Bus routes serving Stirling Station only: * 410, 412, 421 and 422 Stirling Station to Scarborough Beach Bus Station * 413 Stirling Station to Glendalough Station * 423 Stirling Station to Warwick Station


Rail

*
Yanchep line The Yanchep line, formerly the Joondalup line, is a suburban railway line and service in Perth, Western Australia, linking the city's central business district (CBD) with its northern suburbs. Operated by the Public Transport Authority as pa ...
** Stirling Station


Politics

Stirling is a mixed-wealth suburb with many " mortgage belt" families. In 2001, 52% of the suburb's population were from Southern Europe, and the Balcatta Central and Osborne Park booths are among the northern suburbs' few genuinely marginal booths at federal level. However, they strongly support the
Australian Labor Party The Australian Labor Party (ALP), also known as the Labor Party or simply Labor, is the major Centre-left politics, centre-left List of political parties in Australia, political party in Australia and one of two Major party, major parties in Po ...
at state elections.


References


External links


City of Stirling

Osborne Park Hospital
{{City of Stirling suburbs
Stirling Stirling (; ; ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, city in Central Belt, central Scotland, northeast of Glasgow and north-west of Edinburgh. The market town#Scotland, market town, surrounded by rich farmland, grew up connecting the roya ...
Western Australian soldier settlements Suburbs in the City of Stirling