Twyford and Stenson is a

civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government. Civil parishes can trace their origin to the ancient system of parishes, w ...

in the

South Derbyshire South Derbyshire is a Non-metropolitan district, local government district in Derbyshire, England. The district covers the towns of Melbourne, Derbyshire, Melbourne and Swadlincote as well as numerous villages and hamlets such as Hilton, Derbys ...

district of

Derbyshire Derbyshire ( ) is a ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England. It borders Greater Manchester, West Yorkshire, and South Yorkshire to the north, Nottinghamshire to the east, Leicestershire to the south-east, Staffordshire to the south a ...

, England. Located south of

Derby Derby ( ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and Unitary authorities of England, unitary authority area on the River Derwent, Derbyshire, River Derwent in Derbyshire, England. Derbyshire is named after Derby, which was its original co ...

on the

Trent and Mersey Canal The Trent and Mersey Canal is a canal in Derbyshire, Staffordshire and Cheshire in north-central England. It is a "narrow canal" for the vast majority of its length, but at the extremities to the east of Burton upon Trent and north of Middl ...

, it consists of two villages, Stenson and its smaller neighbour Twyford. Between Stenson and Derby itself lies the busy A50 dual-carriageway and

Stenson Fields Stenson Fields is a semi-rural suburban housing development and civil parish in the South Derbyshire district of Derbyshire, England. The parish is contiguous with Sinfin, a southern area of Derby, but is outside the city boundary. Stenson Fields ...

, a large housing estate built between the early 1970s and late 1990s. Stenson Fields is constituted as a separate parish wholly within

District, but it is essentially contiguous with the

Sunny Hill Sunny Hill (Hangul: ) is a South Korean girl group (formerly a co-ed group) formed in 2007 by For Everyone Media. The group currently consists of Bitna, Eunju and Geonhee. Janghyun left the group in 2014, Jubi and Misung left the group in 2019, ...

Sinfin Sinfin is a suburb of Derby, England, southwest of the city centre on its southern outskirts. The ward, which includes Osmaston as well as Sinfin itself, had a population of 15,128 in 2011. Historically, Sinfin and Osmaston were separate vill ...

and

Littleover Littleover is a village and suburb in the city of Derby, in Derbyshire, England, between Rose Hill, Derbyshire, Rose Hill, Normanton, Derbyshire, Normanton, Sunny Hill, Derbyshire, Sunny Hill and Mickleover, about southwest of Derby city centre ...

suburbs of Derby city. The parish of Stenson Fields was created in 1983 from parts of the parish of

Barrow-upon-Trent Barrow upon Trent is a village and civil parish in the South Derbyshire district of Derbyshire, England with a business park planned for the outskirts of the village. The village is south of Derby, and between the River Trent (to the south) an ...

and the parish of Twyford and Stenson. Originally called Sinfin Moor the name was later changed to Stenson Fields to be in keeping with the geographical and historical place name of the area. Sinfin Moor is a large tract of land to the east of Stenson Fields and Sinfin proper. Sinfin Moor is a

Regionally Important Geological Site Regionally important geological and geomorphological sites (RIGS) are locally designated sites of local, national and regional importance for geodiversity (geology and geomorphology) in the United Kingdom and Isle of Man. These sites are also known ...

(RIGS) which formed over the bed of an ice age lake. Part of the RIGS spills over into Stenson Fields close to the hamlet of

Arleston Arleston is a hamlet in the South Derbyshire district of Derbyshire, England, about south of the centre of Derby. It is northwest of Barrow upon Trent and part of that village's civil parish. The Trent and Mersey Canal passes through Arleston ...

. In 2017, South Derbyshire District Council described Twyford and Stenson as an "unparished area" when it approved the transfer of a further 197 acres from it to Stenson Fields parish. In 2020, Twyford and Stenson does not appear to have a parish council. South Derbyshire District Council
/ref> Stenson

Lock Lock(s) or Locked may refer to: Common meanings *Lock and key, a mechanical device used to secure items of importance *Lock (water navigation), a device for boats to transit between different levels of water, as in a canal Arts and entertainme ...

is lock number 6. It is the second deepest on the canal at 12' 6".
Deepest Canal Locks in England and Wales There is also a marina and a

narrowboat A narrowboat is a particular type of Barge, canal boat, built to fit the narrow History of the British canal system, locks of the United Kingdom. The UK's canal system provided a nationwide transport network during the Industrial Revolution, b ...

builders. The 'Stenson Bubble', after which the local waterside pub is named, is due to the sound, and actual bubbles, the overflow stream to the south of the lock makes as it emerges forcefully into the canal below the lock through a culvert at the same level, or sometimes below, the canal surface itself. A railway line follows the line of the canal, part of a loop for freight bypassing Derby. This runs from the nearby Stenson Junction on the Derby-Birmingham line to Sheet Stores Junction at Sawley on the

Midland Main Line The Midland Main Line (MML), sometimes also spelt Midland Mainline, is a major Rail transport in Great Britain, railway line from London to Sheffield in Yorkshire via the East Midlands. It comprises the lines from London's St Pancras railway ...

Twyford

Stenson itself is parished with Twyford, (). a similar village about one mile (1.6 km) to the south, on the north bank of the

River Trent The Trent is the third Longest rivers of the United Kingdom, longest river in the United Kingdom. Its Source (river or stream), source is in Staffordshire, on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. It flows through and drains the North Midlands ...

. Twyford and Stenson are mentioned in 1086 in the

Domesday Book Domesday Book ( ; the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book") is a manuscript record of the Great Survey of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 at the behest of William the Conqueror. The manuscript was originally known by ...

, which says''Domesday Book: A Complete Translation''. London: Penguin, 2003. p.749 under the title of “The lands of

Henry de Ferrers Henry de Ferrers (died by 1100), magnate and administrator, was a Normans, Norman who after the 1066 Norman conquest of England, Norman conquest was awarded extensive lands in England. Origins He was the eldest son of Vauquelin de Ferrers and i ...

Henry held a considerable number of manors including several in Derbyshire given to him by the king,

William the Conqueror William the Conqueror (Bates ''William the Conqueror'' p. 33– 9 September 1087), sometimes called William the Bastard, was the first Norman king of England (as William I), reigning from 1066 until his death. A descendant of Rollo, he was D ...

. These included obviously Twyford and Stenson, but also included lands in

Youlgreave Youlgreave or Youlgrave is a village and civil parish in the Peak District of Derbyshire, England, on the River Bradford south of Bakewell. The name possibly derives from "yellow grove", the ore mined locally being yellow in colour. The popul ...

Swarkestone Swarkestone is a village and civil parish in the South Derbyshire district of Derbyshire, England. The population at the 2011 Census was 187. Swarkestone has a very old village church, a full cricket pitch, a canal with a Georgian lock keepers ...

and

Kedleston Kedleston is a village and civil parish in the Amber Valley district of Derbyshire, approximately north-west of Derby. Nearby places include Quarndon, Weston Underwood, Mugginton and Kirk Langley. The population at the 2011 Census was less ...

”In Twyford and Stenson Leofric had four
carucates The carucate or carrucate ( or ) was a medieval unit of land area approximating the land a plough team of eight oxen could tillage, till in a single annual season. It was known by different regional names and fell under different forms of tax asse ...
of land to the
geld Geld may refer to: * Gelding, equine castration * Danegeld, a tax paid to Viking raiders * Geld (surname) See also * Gel (disambiguation) * Gelt (disambiguation) Gelt may refer to: * Gelt, also known as Hanukkah gelt, chocolate coins given to Je ...
. There is land for three ploughs (plows). There are now two ploughs in
demesne A demesne ( ) or domain was all the land retained and managed by a lord of the manor under the feudal system for his own use, occupation, or support. This distinguished it from land subinfeudation, sub-enfeoffed by him to others as sub-tenants. ...
and four villans and five
bordars Serfdom was the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism and similar systems. It was a condition of debt bondage and indentured servitude with similarities to and differences from slavery. It developed dur ...
with one plough and one mill rendering 5 shillings have one plough. There is one mill rendering 2 shillings and of meadow, woodland pasture one furlong long and one much broad. TRETRE in
Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...
is Tempore Regis Edwardi. This means in the time of
Edward the Confessor Edward the Confessor ( 1003 – 5 January 1066) was King of England from 1042 until his death in 1066. He was the last reigning monarch of the House of Wessex. Edward was the son of Æthelred the Unready and Emma of Normandy. He succeede ...
before the
Battle of Hastings The Battle of Hastings was fought on 14 October 1066 between the Norman-French army of William, Duke of Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold Godwinson, beginning the Norman Conquest of England. It took place appr ...
. worth eight pounds now four pounds.“

St Andrew's Church at Twyford is an unusual sight as from the outside it appears to be of brick construction with stone extensions and steeple. In fact the brickwork is just a fascia as internal investigation reveals. It is about from the River Trent which floods every winter but never, it seems, has the church been flooded.”The Church of St Andrew Twyford” An eight page brochure published by the church. Available May 2007 However it has been damaged by lightning in 1821 and a fire in 1910. The lower part of the tower dates from 1200. Local tradition tells of food being handed out to wayfarers from a stone-framed window in a nearby farmhouse. This charity was administered by monks from a religious house of the

Knights Hospitallers The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), is a Catholic military order. It was founded in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem in the 12th century and had headquarters there u ...

at the village of

Twyford Ferry

The river crossing at Twyford was mentioned in 1712, and again in 1790, when it could carry two horses. The

chain ferry A cable ferry (including the types chain ferry, swing ferry, floating bridge, or punt) is a ferry that is guided (and in many cases propelled) across a river or large body of water by cables connected to both shores. Early cable ferries often ...

linked the village with Milton on the far side of the river saving a long detour via

Swarkestone Bridge Swarkestone Bridge is a medieval bridge crossing the River Trent between the villages of Swarkestone and Stanton by Bridge, about 6 miles south of Derby. It is currently Grade I Listed and a scheduled monument. History The bridge was built i ...

. Floods after the thaw of the Winter of 1963, saw the ferryboat swept away, and it was never reinstated. The ferry posts that supported the chain, still remain on both sides of the river.

References

External links

* *{{Genuki, county=DBY, Twyford and Stenson, Twyford Civil parishes in Derbyshire South Derbyshire District