Stanisław Lubieniecki (, also ''Lubiniezky'' or ''Lubyenyetsky'') (August 23, 1623 in Raków – May 18, 1675 in

Hamburg Hamburg (, ; ), officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg,. is the List of cities in Germany by population, second-largest city in Germany after Berlin and List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 7th-lar ...

) was a Polish

Socinian Socinianism ( ) is a Nontrinitarian Christian belief system developed and co-founded during the Protestant Reformation by the Italian Renaissance humanists and theologians Lelio Sozzini and Fausto Sozzini, uncle and nephew, respectively. I ...

theologist, historian, astronomer, and writer. He is the

eponym An eponym is a noun after which or for which someone or something is, or is believed to be, named. Adjectives derived from the word ''eponym'' include ''eponymous'' and ''eponymic''. Eponyms are commonly used for time periods, places, innovati ...

of the

lunar Lunar most commonly means "of or relating to the Moon". Lunar may also refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Lunar'' (series), a series of video games * "Lunar" (song), by David Guetta * "Lunar", a song by Priestess from the 2009 album ''Prior t ...

crater A crater is a landform consisting of a hole or depression (geology), depression on a planetary surface, usually caused either by an object hitting the surface, or by geological activity on the planet. A crater has classically been described ...

Lubiniezky.

Family

He was born into an aristocratic family closely linked with

Socinianism Socinianism ( ) is a Nontrinitarian Christian belief system developed and co-founded during the Protestant Reformation by the Italian Renaissance humanists and theologians Lelio Sozzini and Fausto Sozzini, uncle and nephew, respectively. ...

: :Father: Krzysztof Lubieniecki (1598–1648) Arian minister :Son: Teodor Bogdan Lubieniecki (1654 – c. 1718) painter, graphic artist :Son:

Krzysztof Lubieniecki Krzysztof Lubieniecki or Christoffel Lubienietzky (1659–1729) was a Polish Baroque painter and engraver active in Amsterdam during the Dutch Golden Age. Biography Krzysztof Lubieniecki was born in Stettin (today: Szczecin), Pommerania. H ...

(1659–1729) painter, engraver :Grandfather: Krzysztof Lubieniecki (1561–1624) Arian writer :Uncle: Andrzej Lubieniecki Jr. (1590–1667) historian :Grandfather's brother: Stanisław Lubieniecki (1558–1633) Arian theologian :Grandfather's brother:

Andrzej Lubieniecki Andrzej Lubieniecki (1521–1623) was a Polish historian and priest A priest is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deity, deities. They a ...

(c. 1551 – 1623) Arian writer – author of ''Poloneutychia'' :Uncle: Florian Morsztyn (c. 1530 – 1587) :Uncle: Mikołaj Przypkowski (c. 1570 – 1672) :Uncle: Joachim Rupniowski (died 1641) Arian minister

Life

From 1646 to 1650, Stanislaus studied at the

Racovian Academy The Racovian Academy (') was a Socinian school operated from 1602 to 1638 by the Polish Brethren in Raków, Kielce County, Raków, Sandomierz Voivodeship of Lesser Poland. The communitarian Arianism, Arian settlement of Raków was founded in 1569 b ...

. His

hometown Raków,

Sandomierz Voivodeship Sandomierz Voivodeship (, ) was a unit of administration and local government in Poland from the 14th century to the partitions of Poland in 1772–1795. It was part of the Lesser Poland region and the Lesser Poland Province. Originally Sandomier ...

Lesser Poland Lesser Poland, often known by its Polish name ''Małopolska'' (; ), is a historical region situated in southern and south-eastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Kraków. Throughout centuries, Lesser Poland developed a separate cult ...

, was founded about a hundred years earlier and had about 15,000 inhabitants. A decree by the Polish

Sejm The Sejm (), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (), is the lower house of the bicameralism, bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the Polish People' ...

of 1639 forbade religions other than Catholicism (

Counter-Reformation The Counter-Reformation (), also sometimes called the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to, and as an alternative to or from similar insights as, the Protestant Reformations at the time. It w ...

). The inhabitants of his hometown were expelled and their homes destroyed and by 1700 only 700 people remained. Stanislaus then went to study in France and the

Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...

, he came to live in Hamburg where he met considerable resistance from the Lutheran clergy. Lubieniecki and his two daughters Catherine Salomea and Griselda Constance, died of

mercury poisoning Mercury poisoning is a type of metal poisoning due to exposure to mercury. Symptoms depend upon the type, dose, method, and duration of exposure. They may include muscle weakness, poor coordination, numbness in the hands and feet, skin rashe ...

, probably as the result of a mistake by a domestic servant. His wife survived.

Works

* published posthumously by Benedykt Wiszowaty * Is an illustrated anthology of 415 comets from the biblical epoch of the deluge up until 1665.

References

External links

*
Stanislaus Lubienietzki de Lubienietz (1623–1675) Pools theoloog en sterrenkundige
1623 births 1675 deaths Polish male writers Writers from Hamburg Polish Unitarians People from Kielce County {{Poland-historian-stub