Spring Hill is an inner northern

suburb A suburb (more broadly suburban area) is an area within a metropolitan area. They are oftentimes where most of a metropolitan areas jobs are located with some being predominantly residential. They can either be denser or less densely populated ...

in the

City of Brisbane The City of Brisbane is a local government area (LGA) which comprises the inner portion of Greater Brisbane, the capital of Queensland, Australia. Its governing body is the Brisbane City Council. The LGAs in the other mainland state capitals ...

Queensland Queensland ( , commonly abbreviated as Qld) is a States and territories of Australia, state in northeastern Australia, and is the second-largest and third-most populous state in Australia. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Austr ...

, Australia. In the , Spring Hill had a population of 6,593 people.

Geography

Spring Hill is located north of the

central business district A central business district (CBD) is the Commerce, commercial and business center of a city. It contains commercial space and offices, and in larger cities will often be described as a financial district. Geographically, it often coincides wit ...

. Parts of Spring Hill can be considered to be extensions of the

Brisbane CBD Brisbane City is the central Suburbs and localities (Australia), suburb and central business district of Brisbane, the state capital of Queensland, Australia. It is also colloquially referred to as the "Brisbane CBD", "the city", or simply "to ...

. The Northern Busway serves the suburb via the Normanby bus stop.

History

Spring Hill was originally called ''Spring Hollow'' because natural springs in the area supplemented Brisbane's early water supply from the Tank Stream and its dam. The name Spring Hill came into use when prominent citizens began living on the ridge. Boundary Street in Spring Hill and also in West End were named due to the policy of preventing the Jagera and

Turrbal The Turrbal are an Aboriginal Australian people from the area now known as Brisbane. The boundaries of their traditional territory are unclear and linguists are divided over whether they spoke a separate language or a dialect of the Yuggera la ...

peoples from being within the boundaries of the British settlement at night. All Saints' Anglican Church was opened in 1862. In 1869 it was rebuilt and dedicated. It was consecrated in 1885. Spring Hill is one of the oldest residential neighbourhoods in Brisbane, with many houses dating from the nineteenth century. As an example, some of the house lots in Sedgebrook Street were surveyed in the 1870s. However, in recent decades much of the older residential and commercial structures have been demolished to be replaced by modern office blocks and apartment buildings. A Primitive Methodist Church opened at 48 Leichhardt Street on Sunday 12 July 1874, when it was described as "situated on the highest and most pleasant point of Spring Hill ... a handsome and substantially-built brick edifice, about 51 feet long and 34 feet wide ... capable of comfortably accommodating 200 persons". It was designed by architect

Richard Gailey Richard Gailey, Sr. (22 April 1834 – 24 April 1924) was an Irish-born Australian architect. Gailey was born in County Donegal, Ireland and emigrated to Australia in 1864, becoming an influential and prolific architect in colonial-era Brisban ...

. Having been used as a place of worship for over 100 years, the Methodist Church offered the church building for sale in February 1977, although it was not sold until 30 March 1978, after which it has had a number of commercial occupants. The church building was listed on the

Brisbane Heritage Register The Brisbane Heritage Register is a heritage register containing a list of culturally-significant places within the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mai ...

on 1 January 2004. It is the earliest surviving church in Spring Hill. On Sunday 3 December 1876, a Baptist Church was opened in Fortescue Street. In February 1889, services ceased at the church building in preparation for its relocation to Nundah., where it reopened as the Nundah Baptist Church on Sunday 9 June 1889. In 1890, the Baptist City Taberacle opened at 163 Wickham Terrace in Spring Hill. A government laboratory and animal facility was built in the 1890s adjacent to the Brisbane Grammar School on College Road. It was known as the Bacteriological Institute from 1900 to 1910. Between 1903 and 1947,

tram A tram (also known as a streetcar or trolley in Canada and the United States) is an urban rail transit in which Rolling stock, vehicles, whether individual railcars or multiple-unit trains, run on tramway tracks on urban public streets; some ...

s ran up Edward Street and along Leichhardt Street to Gregory Terrace. This tram line, operated by the

Brisbane City Council Brisbane City Council (BCC, also known as Council) is the local government of the City of Brisbane, the capital city of the Australian state of Queensland. The largest local government in Australia by population, BCC's jurisdiction includes 2 ...

, was the steepest in Australia, with a maximum gradient of 1 in 8. After its closure the trams were initially replaced with

diesel Diesel may refer to: * Diesel engine, an internal combustion engine where ignition is caused by compression * Diesel fuel, a liquid fuel used in diesel engines * Diesel locomotive, a railway locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engine ...

buses, but in 1951 these were replaced by a

trolley-bus A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tramin the 1910s and 1920sJoyce, J.; King, J. S.; and Newman, A. G. (1986). ''British Trolleybus Systems'', pp. 9, 12. London: Ian Allan Publishing. .or troll ...

service. This was in turn replaced by diesel buses in 1968. The Brisbane City Council continues to provide bus services to the suburb. The suburb was also served by trams along Boundary street and St Pauls Terrace, with this service being replaced by buses in 1969. On 22 September 1976, a

mass shooting A mass shooting is a violent crime in which one or more attackers use a firearm to Gun violence, kill or injure multiple individuals in rapid succession. There is no widely accepted specific definition, and different organizations tracking su ...

and

hostage crisis A hostage is a person seized by an abductor in order to compel another party, one which places a high value on the liberty, well-being and safety of the person seized—such as a relative, employer, law enforcement, or government—to act, o ...

occurred on Boundary Street when 36-year-old William Robert Wilson killed two people and wounded four others at random before taking five hostages. He surrendered to police after an hours-long standoff and was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1980.

Demographics

In the , Spring Hill had a population of 5,259 people, 44% female and 56% male. The median age of the Spring Hill population was 30 years, 7 years below the Australian median. Children aged under 15 years made up 6.8% of the population and people aged 65 years and over made up 5.6% of the population. The most notable difference was the group in their twenties; in Spring Hill this group made up 36.1% of the population, compared to just 13.8% nationally. 43.8% of people living in Spring Hill were born in Australia, compared to the national average of 69.8%; the next most common countries of birth were Korea, Republic of 3.9%, India 3.8%, New Zealand 3.6%, England 3.5%, Colombia 2.1%. 56.7% of people spoke only English at home; the next most popular languages were 3.3% Korean, 3.3% Mandarin, 3.3% Spanish, 1.7% Portuguese, 1.7% Cantonese. The most common religious affiliation was "No Religion" (28.5%); the next most common responses were Catholic 22.9%, Anglican 8.4%, Hinduism 3.7% and Buddhism 3.1%. In the , Spring Hill had a population of 5,974 people. In the , Spring Hill had a population of 6,593 people.

Heritage listings

Spring Hill has a number of

heritage-listed This list is of heritage registers, inventories of cultural properties, natural and human-made, tangible and intangible, movable and immovable, that are deemed to be of sufficient heritage value to be separately identified and recorded. In ma ...

sites, including: * 47–55 Birley Street: McWhinneys Brick Cottage * 283 Boundary Street:

Lonsdale House Lonsdale House is a heritage-listed detached house at 283 Boundary Street, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1860s circa to 1950s circa. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 27 August 1999. ...

* 477 Boundary Street: Main Roads Building * 19 Gloucester Street:

William Grigor's House William Grigor's House is a heritage-listed semi-detached house (one of a Duplex (building), duplex) at 19 Gloucester Street, Spring Hill, Queensland, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built in the late 1860s. It was ...

* 17 Gregory Terrace:

Cliveden Mansions Cliveden Mansions is a heritage-listed villa at 17 Gregory Terrace, Spring Hill, Queensland, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1888 and extended in 1915, both to designs of George Henry Male Addison. It is al ...

* 24 Gregory Terrace:

Brisbane Grammar School Buildings Brisbane Grammar School Buildings are a heritage-listed group of private school buildings of Brisbane Grammar School, 24 Gregory Terrace, Spring Hill, Queensland, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. They were added to the Quee ...

* 369 Gregory Terrace:

Victoria Flats Victoria Flats is a heritage-listed apartment block at 369 Gregory Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by architect Thomas Blair Moncrieff Wightman and built by Cheesman & Bull. It is also known as K ...

* 400 Gregory Terrace:

Centenary Pool Complex Centenary Pool Complex is a heritage-listed swimming pool at 400 Gregory Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by architect James Birrell and built in 1959. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Regis ...

* 449 & 451 Gregory Terrace:

Grangehill Grangehill is a heritage-listed detached house at 449 & 451 Gregory Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was built in the early 1860s for Alexander Raff. It is also known as Grange Hill and St Teresa's Church Disc ...

* 454 Gregory Terrace: Victoria Park * 37 Leichhardt Street:

Mountview House Mountview House is a heritage-listed detached house at 37 Leichhardt Street, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was originally built in the 1860s with a new wing added in 1882 designed by Andrea Stombuco. It was added to ...

* 8 Love Street:

Bedford Playground Bedford Playground is a heritage-listed playground at 8 Love Street, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Frank Gibson Costello and built from 1927 onwards, one of the builders being Sir Manuel Hornibrook. I ...

* Rogers Street:

Brisbane Central State School Brisbane Central State School, also known as Leichhardt Street State School, and Brisbane Practicing School, is a heritage-listed state school, public Mixed-sex education, coeducational primary school, located at 85 Rogers Street, Spring Hill, ...

* 43 St Pauls Terrace: St Pauls Presbyterian Church * 43 St Pauls Terrace: St Pauls Presbyterian Church Hall * 71 St Pauls Terrace: Bellmount * 134 St Paul's Terrace:

Monier Ventilation Shaft 2 Monier Ventilation Shaft 2 is a heritage-listed ventilation shaft at 134 St Paul's Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Joseph Monier and built . It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on ...

* 14 Torrington Street:

Spring Hill Baths Spring Hill Baths is a heritage-listed swimming pool at 14 Torrington Street, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Thomas Kirk and built from 1886 to 1913 by William M Park. It is also known as Arthur Stree ...

* 8–12, & 16 Victoria Street:

Moody's Cottages Moody's Cottages are a heritage-listed pair of houses, one a duplex (building), duplex and the other a detached house, at 8–12, & 16 Victoria Street, Spring Hill, Queensland, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was buil ...

Wickham Terrace Wickham Terrace is one of the historic streets of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is known as the street of private medical specialists. Geography Wickham Terrace commences at the western corner of the intersection of Ann Street, Brisbane, ...

Albert Park (North) air raid shelter Albert may refer to: Companies * Albert Computers, Inc., a computer manufacturer in the 1980s * Albert Czech Republic, a supermarket chain in the Czech Republic * Albert Heijn, a supermarket chain in the Netherlands * Albert Market, a street mark ...

* 32 Wickham Terrace: All Saints Anglican Church * 73 Wickham Terrace:

Inchcolm Inchcolm (from the Scottish Gaelic "Innis Choluim", meaning Columba's Island) is an island in the Firth of Forth in Scotland. The island has a long history as a site of religious worship, having started with a church, which later developed into ...

* 79 Wickham Terrace:

Lister House Lister House is a heritage-listed office building at 79 Wickham Terrace, Spring Hill, Queensland, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is also known as the Brisbane Clinic. It was designed by Raymond C Nowland and built from ...

* 97 Wickham Terrace:

Espie Dods House Espie Dods House is a heritage-listed detached house at 97 Wickham Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by architect Robin Dods for his brother Espie Dods and was built . It was added to the Queenslan ...

* 121 Wickham Terrace:

Ballow Chambers Ballow Chambers is a heritage-listed office building at 121 Wickham Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Lange Leopold Powell and built from 1924 to 1926 by John Hutchinson. It was added to the Queen ...

* 136 Wickham Terrace:

Wickham Terrace Car Park Wickham Terrace Car Park is a heritage-listed multi-storey car park at 136 Wickham Terrace, Spring Hill, Queensland, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by James Birrell and built from 1959 to 1960. It was add ...

* 155–157 Wickham Terrace: Wickham House * 163 Wickham Terrace:

Baptist City Tabernacle Baptist City Tabernacle is a heritage-listed Baptists, Baptist church (building), church at 163 Wickham Terrace, Spring Hill, Queensland, Spring Hill, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Richard Gailey and built from to 1890. It ...

* 183 Wickham Terrace: United Service Club Premises * 217 Wickham Terrace: Craigston * 226 Wickham Terrace: The Old Windmill * 230 Wickham Terrace:

Spring Hill Reservoirs The Spring Hill Reservoirs are two heritage-listed former underground water storage reservoir, reservoirs within Wickham Park, Brisbane, Wickham Park at 230 Wickham Terrace, Spring Hill, Queensland, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Au ...

* 287 Wickham Terrace: Bryntirion * 307 Wickham Terrace: Athol Place * 330 Wickham Terrace:

Wickham Park Air Raid Shelters Wickham Park Air Raid Shelters are heritage-listed former air raid shelters in Wickham Park, Brisbane, Wickham Park at 330 Wickham Terrace, Spring Hill, Queensland, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Frank ...

* 355 Wickham Terrace: Theosophical Society Building * 465 Wickham Terrace:

St Andrews War Memorial Hospital Administration Building St Andrews War Memorial Hospital Administration Building is a heritage-listed former house and residential college and now hospital administration building at 465 Wickham Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was bu ...

* 497–535 Wickham Terrace:

Lady Bowen Hospital Lady Bowen Hospital is a heritage-listed former maternity hospital and now social housing and office complex at 497–535 Wickham Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by John H. Buckeridge and built f ...

* 500 Wickham Terrace: Monier Ventilation Shaft 1

Attractions

The Old Windmill in Wickham Park was built in 1824 when Brisbane was a penal colony and originally milled grain and then used as a gallows for the colony. The

operated by the

are the oldest

public bath Public baths originated when most people in population centers did not have access to private bathing facilities. Though termed "public", they have often been restricted according to gender, religious affiliation, personal membership, and other cr ...

s in Queensland.

Education

is a government primary (Prep–6) school for boys and girls at Rogers Street (). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 347 students with 26 teachers (22 full-time equivalent) and 20 non-teaching staff (11 full-time equivalent).

Brisbane Grammar School Brisbane Grammar School (BGS) is an Independent school, independent, fee charging, non-denominational, day school, day and boarding school for boys, located in Spring Hill, Queensland, Spring Hill, an inner suburb of Brisbane, Queensland, Austra ...

is a private primary and secondary (5–12) school for boys at 24 Gregory Terrace (). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 1,708 students with 154 teachers (146 full-time equivalent) and 107 non-teaching staff (95 full-time equivalent).

Brisbane Girls Grammar School Brisbane Girls Grammar School is an independent non-denominational secondary day school for girls, located in Spring Hill, an inner suburb of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Founded in 1875, the school is one of eight grammar schools in Queen ...

is a private secondary (7–12) school at Gregory Terrace (). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 1,367 students with 156 teachers (143.2 full-time equivalent) and 71 non-teaching staff (64.6 full-time equivalent). St Joseph's College is a Catholic primary and secondary (5–12) school for boys at 285 Gregory Terrace () with its Year 10 campus at 40 Quarry Street (). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 1,629 students with 154 teachers (125 full-time equivalent) and 83 non-teaching staff (75 full-time equivalent). St James College is a Catholic secondary (7–12) school for boys and girls at 201 Boundary Street (). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 411 students with 44 teachers (38 full-time equivalent) and 42 non-teaching staff (33 full-time equivalent). Arethusa College has a campus at 25 Quarry Street (). It is a private secondary (7–12) school with its main campus at Deception Bay.

Amenities

The Brisbane City Night branch of the

Queensland Country Women's Association The Queensland Country Women's Association (QCWA) is the Queensland chapter of the Country Women's Association in Australia. The association seeks to serve the interests of women and children in rural areas in Australia through a network of loca ...

meets at the International Hotel at 525 Boundary Street. All Saints Anglican Church is at 32 Wickham Terrace (corner of Ann Street, ). The Tongan Valley congregation meets at the Salvation Army Building at 97 School Road (). It is part of the Wesleyan Methodist Church. The suburb is home to an established gay bar called The Sportsman Hotel that has been operating for more than 30 years.

References

External links

University of Queensland: Queensland Places: Spring Hill
* {{Authority control Suburbs of the City of Brisbane