Sommers–Bausch Observatory is an
astronomical
Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and their overall evolution. Objects of interest include ...
observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.
Th ...
operated by the
University of Colorado, Boulder on its main campus. The building was initially completed in 1953 and named after Elmer E. Sommers and Carl L. Bausch.
It is operated by the university's Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences (APS), which primarily utilizes the facilities and equipment of the observatory for teaching as well as some research. Telescopes include two 20" Planewave CDK telescopes on
Software Bisque Taurus 500 encoder mounts, a 24"
Boller and Chivens Cassegrain reflector
The Cassegrain reflector is a combination of a primary concave mirror and a secondary convex mirror, often used in optical telescopes and Antenna (radio), radio antennas, the main characteristic being that the optical path folds back onto itself, ...
s, and a 10-inch aperture
heliostat
A heliostat
()
is a device that reflects sunlight toward a target, turning to compensate for the Sun's apparent motion.
The reflector is usually a plane mirror.
The target may be a physical object, distant from the heliostat, or a direct ...
(solar telescope). The observatory also possesses multiple smaller telescopes and ancillary equipment. The observatory also houses the lab classroom and the computer lab for the APS department.
History
In 1949, the University of Colorado received a bequest of $49,054 from the estate of Mayme Sommers in memory of her husband Elmer E. Sommers. These funds were used to construct the observatory, which was built in an adapted rural Italian style to match buildings on the campus.
Construction began in 1950 and was completed in 1953, which was delayed because of manpower and material shortages due to the Korean War. The building was dedicated on August 27, 1953, during the 89th meeting of the
American Astronomical Society
The American Astronomical Society (AAS, sometimes spoken as "double-A-S") is an American society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC. The primary objective of the AAS is to promote the adv ...
. The 17 foot, 10-inch Bausch refractor, originally from the Bausch & Lomb building in Rochester, New York, was installed in the dome the same year. In 1957, the Department of Astro-Geophysics, now Astrophysical & Planetary Sciences, was formed and used Sommers–Bausch Observatory as its research and teaching facility. Harvard University’s
High Altitude Observatory
The High Altitude Observatory (HAO) is a laboratory of the US National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). HAO operates the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory on Hawaii (island), Hawaii and a research institute in Boulder, Colorado.
Its staff condu ...
also had office space inside the Observatory, which was then moved to the new HAO Building constructed next to the Observatory in 1960.
In 1973, the current 24-inch reflector telescope was installed in place of the previous 10-inch Bausch & Lomb refractor. As a result of the decrease in length of the telescope, modifications had to be made to the interior of the dome. The 10-inch lens of the Bausch telescope was fitted onto the heliostat on top of the Duane Physics Building on the University’s campus. The telescope itself was displayed in the lobby of Fiske Planetarium until 2013 when it was replaced by the Fritz Star Projector.
In 1981, an addition was built to provide space for a new observing deck that hosted an 18-inch teaching telescope along with four darkrooms, a laboratory, offices and a workshop. The heliostat was also moved from Duane Physics to the new space. A permanent roll off roof was installed in 1986 and with it also came the installation of an extra 18-inch teaching telescope. 1986 was also the year that SBO received CCD technology to fit onto their telescopes. The Observatory was one of the first university observatories to acquire the technology, with the Observatory’s detector in particular being designed and built for the
Hubble Space Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST or Hubble) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation. It was not the Orbiting Solar Observatory, first space telescope, but it is one of the largest and most ...
and
Galileo mission. This greatly increased the research use for the Observatory given the 60X sensitivity. In 1989, the Astrophysical & Planetary Sciences Department introduced the lab/lecture Introduction to Astronomy courses, which greatly benefited from the new technology and expanded the involvement of undergraduate students.
The Observatory was renovated again in 1997, converting two of the darkrooms into a computer lab that currently hosts 38 computers. The lab is used by undergraduates, graduates, and groups such as the Summer Science Program.
The original dome slit was replaced in 2005 by Ash-Dome. In 2006, the original lens for the Bausch & Lomb telescope cracked beyond repair due to constant heating and cooling from use in the heliostat. The 18-inch and 16-inch teaching telescopes on the Observing Deck were replaced by two 20-inch Planewave CDK telescopes in 2017, named Artemis and Apollo.
Visiting the observatory
The observatory hosts free public open houses on Friday nights, hosted by students and faculty. In addition to the open houses, the observatory is open to the public during astronomical events such as lunar eclipses.
See also
*
List of observatories
This is a partial list of astronomical observatories ordered by name, along with initial dates of operation (where an accurate date is available) and location. The list also includes a final year of operation for many observatories that are no lon ...
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sommers-Bausch Observatory
Astronomical observatories in Colorado
University of Colorado Boulder buildings
Tourist attractions in Boulder, Colorado