The Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Lord ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Храм преображења Господњег, Hram preobraženja Gospodnjeg) is a

Serbian Orthodox The Serbian Orthodox Church ( sr-Cyrl-Latn, Српска православна црква, Srpska pravoslavna crkva) is one of the autocephalous (ecclesiastically independent) Eastern Orthodox Christian churches. The majority of the populat ...

cathedral A cathedral is a church (building), church that contains the of a bishop, thus serving as the central church of a diocese, Annual conferences within Methodism, conference, or episcopate. Churches with the function of "cathedral" are usually s ...

located on the

Petar Preradović Petar Preradović (; 19 March 1818 – 18 August 1872) was a Croatian poet, writer, and military general. He was one of the most important Croatian poets of the 19th century Illyrian movement and the main representative of romanticism in Croatia ...

Square in

Zagreb Zagreb ( ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, north of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the ...

Croatia Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herze ...

. It was built in 1865–66 according to designs of architect Franjo Klein. It is ecclesiastically part of the

Metropolitanate of Zagreb and Ljubljana The Metropolitanate of Zagreb and Ljubljana () is an Eastern Orthodox eparchy (diocese) and one of the five honorary metropolitanates of the Serbian Orthodox Church. The headquarters of the metropolia is located in Zagreb, Croatia, and its jur ...

and is known as the Zagreb Orthodox Cathedral. Following the

2020 Zagreb earthquake At approximately 6:24 AM Central European Time, CET on the morning of 22 March 2020, an earthquake of magnitude 5.3 , 5.5 , hit Zagreb, Croatia, with an epicenter north of the city centre. The maximum felt intensity was VII–VIII (''Very stro ...

, the Cathedral was reconstructed due to major damage that occurred.

History

Old St. Marguerite church

A wooden Catholic church dedicated to St. Marguerite was located on the place of the modern day cathedral in the 14th century.''Pravoslavna crkva na preradovićevom trgu'', PhD Dragan Damjanović
Zagreb-moj grad
pages 11-13, Issue 28, year IV, May 2010 The church was restored in the 16th and 17th century. Between 1372 and the 19th century, the annual St. Marguerite fair was organized on the square.''Preradovićev (Cvjetni) trg-ogledalo urbaniteta'', PhD Snježana Knežević
Zagreb-moj grad
pages 4-9, Issue 28, year IV, May 2010 In the 18th century the church was burned down in a fire and in its place a new one was built with bulbous steeple. Duding the

Josephinism Josephinism is a name given collectively to the domestic policies of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (1765–1790). During the ten years in which Joseph was the sole ruler of the Habsburg monarchy (1780–1790), he attempted to legislate a series o ...

period the state implemented significant reforms that affected life of religious communities. In 1781

Patent of Toleration The Patent of Toleration (, ) was an edict of toleration issued on 13 October 1781 by the Habsburg emperor Joseph II. Part of the Josephinist reforms, the Patent extended religious freedom to non-Catholic Christians living in the crown lands ...

extended

religious freedom Freedom of religion or religious liberty, also known as freedom of religion or belief (FoRB), is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice ...

to non-Catholic Christians living in

Habsburg The House of Habsburg (; ), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most powerful dynasties in the history of Europe and Western civilization. They were best known for their inbreeding and for ruling vast realms throughout Europe d ...

lands and was followed by

1782 Edict of Tolerance The 1782 Edict of Tolerance (''Toleranzedikt vom 1782'') was a religious reform of Emperor Joseph II during the time he was emperor of the Habsburg monarchy as part of his policy of Josephinism, a series of drastic reforms to remodel Austria in ...

. By city government decision the old church was offered at auction and sold to the Zagreb Croatian Orthodox Parish for 4,000

florins The Florentine florin was a gold coin (in Italian ''Fiorino d'oro'') struck from 1252 to 1533 with no significant change in its design or metal content standard during that time. It had 54 grains () of nominally pure or 'fine' gold with a pu ...

. In 1848, during

Revolutions of 1848 The revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the springtime of the peoples or the springtime of nations, were a series of revolutions throughout Europe over the course of more than one year, from 1848 to 1849. It remains the most widespre ...

, the Orthodox Parish added the suffix ''Serbian'' in its name since by that time the

Serbs The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are a South Slavs, South Slavic ethnic group native to Southeastern Europe who share a common Serbian Cultural heritage, ancestry, Culture of Serbia, culture, History of Serbia, history, and Serbian lan ...

(under the autonomous

Patriarchate of Karlovci The Patriarchate of Karlovci () or Serbian Patriarchate of Sremski Karlovci (), was a patriarchate of the Eastern Orthodox Church that existed between 1848 and 1920. It was formed when the Metropolitanate of Karlovci was elevated to the rank of ...

) significantly outnumbered local

Greeks Greeks or Hellenes (; , ) are an ethnic group and nation native to Greece, Greek Cypriots, Cyprus, Greeks in Albania, southern Albania, Greeks in Turkey#History, Anatolia, parts of Greeks in Italy, Italy and Egyptian Greeks, Egypt, and to a l ...

and

Aromanians The Aromanians () are an Ethnic groups in Europe, ethnic group native to the southern Balkans who speak Aromanian language, Aromanian, an Eastern Romance language. They traditionally live in central and southern Albania, south-western Bulgari ...

Construction of new church

Franjo Klein Serbian Orthodox Cathedral in Zagreb

In 1861 initiative was launched to build new church on the site of a dilapidated old St. Marguerite church. Project was awarded to the architect Franjo Klein. In the same period when the Serbian Orthodox Cathedral was built,

Zagreb Synagogue The Zagreb Synagogue () was a former Orthodox Judaism, Orthodox Judaism, Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in Zagreb, in modern-day Croatia. The synagogue building was constructed in 1867 in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia within the Aus ...

was also built according to the Franjo Klein project. Church was completed on 21 October 1866, and synagogue on 27 September 1867. In 1897, after completion of urbanization of square south to the church, architect

Hermann Bollé Hermann Bollé (18 September 1845 – 17 April 1926) was an Austro-Hungarian architect of Franco-German origin who practiced in Croatia (Zagreb and Slavonia), as well as in Serbia. Life He was born in Cologne. After attending a vocational ...

proposed plan of monumental reorganization of church. This plan was never implemented, but the same architect developed a plan for restoration of bell tower in its modern-day shape in 1899, and in 1913 based on his plan façade was restored. In 1931 the Metropolitanate of Zagreb was established and the church became its Cathedral.

World War II

During

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

collaborationist Wartime collaboration is cooperation with the enemy against one's country of citizenship in wartime. As historian Gerhard Hirschfeld says, it "is as old as war and the occupation of foreign territory". The term ''collaborator'' dates to the 19th ...

Croatian

Ustaše The Ustaše (), also known by anglicised versions Ustasha or Ustashe, was a Croats, Croatian fascist and ultranationalist organization active, as one organization, between 1929 and 1945, formally known as the Ustaša – Croatian Revolutionar ...

regime of

Independent State of Croatia The Independent State of Croatia (, NDH) was a World War II–era puppet state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Fascist Italy. It was established in parts of Axis occupation of Yugoslavia, occupied Yugoslavia on 10 April 1941, ...

seized all property Serbian Orthodox Church and determined that the cathedral would be the central church of Croatian Orthodox Church, which was a part of the widespread

Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia The Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, Genocid nad Srbima u Nezavisnoj Državi Hrvatskoj, separator=" / ", Геноцид над Србима у Независној Држави Хрватској) was the sy ...

Architecture

The

iconostasis In Eastern Christianity, an iconostasis () is a wall of icons and religious paintings, separating the nave from the sanctuary in a Church (building), church. ''Iconostasis'' also refers to a portable icon stand that can be placed anywhere withi ...

was placed in front of the altar in 1795. This iconostasis was donated to Church of St. George in

Varaždin Varaždin ( or ; , also known by #Name, alternative names) is a city in Northern Croatia, north-east of Zagreb. The total population is 46,946, with 38,839 in the city settlement itself (2011). The city is best known for its baroque buildings, ...

in 1884 when the current iconostasis was built. The iconostasis of the Orthodox Cathedral comprises a total of 34 icons and 4 free-standing

walnut A walnut is the edible seed of any tree of the genus '' Juglans'' (family Juglandaceae), particularly the Persian or English walnut, '' Juglans regia''. They are accessory fruit because the outer covering of the fruit is technically an i ...

pillars A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. ...

. The Metropolitan

Jovan Pavlović Jovan Pavlović ( sr-Cyrl, Јован Павловић; 22 October 1936 – 3 April 2014) was a Serbian Orthodox prelate who was the metropolitan bishop of Zagreb and Ljubljana of the Serbian Orthodox Church from 1982 until his death in 2014. H ...

, who reigned from 1982 to 2014 was buried in the cathedral after his death in 2014.

Gallery

File:Zágráb (16).jpg, Cathedral in 1901 Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Lord in Zagreb 02.jpg, Dome of the Cathedral File:Orthodox church in Zagreb.jpg, Cathedral in 2011 File:Záhřeb, pravoslavný chrám 2.jpg, Cathedral Tower bell Inside the Orthodox Church in Zagreb 6.jpg,

Iconostasis In Eastern Christianity, an iconostasis () is a wall of icons and religious paintings, separating the nave from the sanctuary in a Church (building), church. ''Iconostasis'' also refers to a portable icon stand that can be placed anywhere withi ...

Inside the Orthodox Church in Zagreb 3.jpg,

icons An icon () is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, in the cultures of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Catholic, and Lutheran churches. The most common subjects include Jesus, Mary, saints, and angels. Although especially ...

painted as

fresco Fresco ( or frescoes) is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid ("wet") lime plaster. Water is used as the vehicle for the dry-powder pigment to merge with the plaster, and with the setting of the plaster, the painting become ...

s on the walls Serbian Orthodox Church in Zagreb.JPG, Church at night File:Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Lord 13582673563.jpg, Icons frescos on the walls File:Cathedral of the Transfiguration of Our Lord - panoramio.jpg, View of the Cathedral from Ilica street

References

Bibliography

*''Преображени храм (Живопис храма Св. Преображења Господњег у Загребу)-Храм преображенный (Роснись храма св. Преображенуя Господня б Загребе)-Transfigured church (Fresgues of the church of St. Transfiguration of the Lord in Zagreb)'', Irina Buseva Davidova and Dragan Damjanović, Zagreb 2008, trilingual publication in

Serbian Serbian may refer to: * Pertaining to Serbia in Southeast Europe; in particular **Serbs, a South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans ** Serbian language ** Serbian culture **Demographics of Serbia, includes other ethnic groups within the co ...

Russian Russian(s) may refer to: *Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *A citizen of Russia *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *''The Russians'', a b ...

and

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Culture, language and peoples * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England * ''English'', an Amish ter ...

, NSK CIP 673785

External links

Povijest Trga Petra Preradovića: Iz 19. u 21. stoljeće?

Arhitektura ikonostasa u opusu Hermana Bolléa, Prostor, Znanstveni časopis za arhitekturu i urbanizam br. 18 (2010), 1 (39); Zagreb, 2010., str. 62 – 79.
{{Serbian minority institutions and organizations in Croatia Cathedrals in Croatia Churches in Zagreb Serbian Orthodox church buildings in Croatia Serbian Orthodox cathedrals Donji grad, Zagreb Metropolitanate of Zagreb and Ljubljana 19th-century Serbian Orthodox church buildings Churches completed in 1866 1860s establishments in Croatia 1866 establishments in the Austrian Empire Hermann Bollé buildings 19th-century churches in Croatia