Lake Sapanca () (previous

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

name: Boáne (Βοάνη)) is a fresh water

lake A lake is often a naturally occurring, relatively large and fixed body of water on or near the Earth's surface. It is localized in a basin or interconnected basins surrounded by dry land. Lakes lie completely on land and are separate from ...

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

, between the

Gulf of İzmit Gulf of İzmit (), also referred to as İzmit Bay, is a bay at the easternmost edge of the Sea of Marmara, in Kocaeli Province, Turkey. The gulf takes its name from the city of İzmit. Other cities and towns around the bay are Gebze, Körfez, ...

and the Adapazarı Meadow. The lake has a

catchment area A catchment area in human geography, is the area from which a location, such as a city, service or institution, attracts a population that uses its services and economic opportunities. Catchment areas may be defined based on from where people are ...

of 251 km²,

surface area The surface area (symbol ''A'') of a solid object is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies. The mathematical definition of surface area in the presence of curved surfaces is considerably more involved than the d ...

of 45 km², a length 16 km east–west / 5 km north–south, and a maximum depth of 52 m. Sapanca Lake is located on a tectonic hole, which is situated between Izmit Bay and Adapazari Meadow and runs parallel to Iznik Lake. The catchment area of Lake Sapanca - about 251 km² m²- is surrounded by mountains in the south and small hills in the north. Water is taken from the lake for domestic and industrial needs. The region around Sapanca is an important destination for day trips and weekend vacations.

List of fish in the Lake Sapanca

Anguillidae The Anguillidae are a family of ray-finned fish that contains the freshwater eels. All the extant species and six subspecies in this family are in the genus ''Anguilla'', and are elongated fish of snake-like bodies, with long dorsal, caudal and a ...

European eel The European eel (''Anguilla anguilla'') is a species of eel. Their life history was a mystery for thousands of years, and mating in the wild has not yet been observed. The five stages of their development were originally thought to be differe ...

, ''Anguilla anguilla'' (Liiaeus, 1758)

Atherinidae The Old World silversides are a family, Atherinidae, of fish in the order Atheriniformes. Atherinidae are abundant and considered bony fish (teleost) that are widespread globally, living in rivers, estuaries, and coastal waters. They occur worldw ...

Big-scale sand smelt The big-scale sand smelt (''Atherina boyeri'') is a species of fish in the family Atherinidae. It is a euryhaline amphidromous fish, up to 20 cm in length. Description It is a small pelagic fish species which occurs near the surface in the ...

, ''Atherina boyeri'' (Risso, 1810)

Clupeidae Clupeidae is a family of clupeiform ray-finned fishes, comprising, for instance, the herrings and sprats. Many members of the family have a body protected with shiny cycloid (very smooth and uniform) scales, a single dorsal fin, and a fusiform ...

* Black Sea shad, '' Alosa maeotica'' (Grimm, 1901) * '' Clupeonella abrau muhlisi'' (Neu, 1934)

Cobitidae Cobitidae, also known as the true loaches, is a family of Old World freshwater fish. They occur throughout Eurasia and in Morocco, and inhabit riverine ecosystems. Today, most " loaches" are placed in other families (see below). The family includ ...

* '' Cobitis vardarensis'' (Karaman, 1928) * Angora loach, ''Nemacheilus angorae'' (Steindachner, 1897)

Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family, including the carps, the true minnows, and their relatives the barbs and barbels, among others. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and t ...

Common bream The common bream (''Abramis brama''), also known as the freshwater bream, bream, bronze bream, carp bream or sweaty bream, is a European species of freshwater fish in the family Leuciscidae. It is now considered to be the monotypic, only speci ...

, ''Abramis brama'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *

Italian bleak The Italian bleak (''Alburnus albidus'') the Southern Italian bleak or white bleak, is a species of freshwater fish in the family Leuciscidae, which includes daces, minnows, and related fishes. This fish is endemic to southern Italy. Taxonomy Th ...

, ''Alburnus albidus'' (Costa, 1938) *

Common bleak The bleak or common bleak (''Alburnus alburnus'') is a small freshwater coarse fish of the family Leuciscidae, which includes the minnows, daces and bleaks. The common bleak is found in Europe and Western Asia. Description The body of the ...

, ''Alburnus alburnus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * Danube bleak, ''Alburnus chalcoides'' (Guldenstad, 1772) *

Spirlin ''Alburnoides bipunctatus'', the schneider, spirlin, bleak, riffle minnow or bystranka, is a species of brackish and fresh water ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which includes the daces, the minnows and related fishes. This i ...

, ''Alburnoides bipunctatus'' (Bloch, 1782) *

Silver bream Silver bream is the common name of several species of fish: * ''Blicca bjoerkna'' (white bream), freshwater species of cyprinids from Europe and Western Asia * ''Acanthopagrus australis'' (surf bream), marine and freshwater species of sea bream from ...

, ''Blicca bjoerkna'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *

Crucian carp The crucian carp (''Carassius carassius'') is a medium-sized member of the common carp family Cyprinidae. It occurs widely in northern European regions. Its name derives from the Low German ''karusse'' or ''karutze'', possibly from Medieval Lat ...

, ''Carassius carassius'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *

Prussian carp The Prussian carp, silver Prussian carp or Gibel carp (''Carassius gibelio'') is a member of the family Cyprinidae, which includes many other fish, such as the common carp, goldfish, and the smaller minnows. It is a medium-sized cyprinid, and d ...

, ''Carassius gibelio'' (Bloch, 1782) * Black Sea nase ''

Chondrostoma angorense ''Chondrostoma angorense'', the Ankara nase or Black Sea nase, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae. This species is endemic to northern Anatolia, Turkey, where it occurs in the drainages of the Sakarya ...

'' (Elvira, 1987) *

Common carp The common carp (''Cyprinus carpio''), also known as European carp, Eurasian carp, or simply carp, is a widespread freshwater fish of eutrophic waters in lakes and large rivers in Europe and Asia.Fishbase''Cyprinus carpio'' Linnaeus, 1758/ref>Ark ...

, ''Cyprinus carpio'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * Asp, ''Leuciscus aspius'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * Black Sea chub, ''Petroleuciscus borysthenicus'' (Kessler, 1859) *

European bitterling The European bitterling (''Rhodeus amarus'') is a temperate freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acheilognathidae, the bitterlings. It originates in Europe, ranging from the Rhone River basin in France to the Neva River in Russia. ...

, ''Rhodeus amarus'' (Bloch, 1782) *

Common roach The roach, or rutilus roach (''Rutilus rutilus''), also known as the common roach, is a fresh- and brackish-water fish of the family Cyprinidae, native to most of Europe and western Asia. Fish called roach can be any species of the genera ''Rut ...

, ''Rutilus rutilus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *

Common rudd The common rudd (''Scardinius erythrophthalmus'') is a benthos, bentho-pelagic freshwater Actinopterygii, ray-finned fish belonging to the Family (biology), family Leuciscidae. This species is widely spread in Europe and central Asia, around the ...

, ''Scardinius erythrophthalmus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *

European chub ''Squalius cephalus'', the common chub, European chub or simply chub, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, the daces, Eurasian minnows and related fishes. This species is found in Europe where it freq ...

, ''Squalius cephalus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *

Tench The tench or doctor fish (''Tinca tinca'') is a freshwater, fresh- and brackish water, brackish-water fish of the order Cypriniformes found throughout Eurasia from Western Europe including Great Britain, Britain and Ireland east into Asia as far ...

, ''Tinca tinca'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * Vimba bream, ''Vimba vimba'' (Linnaeus, 1758)

Esocidae Esocidae is a family of ray-finned fish in the order Salmoniformes, which contains pike, pickerel, and mudminnows. While the family traditionally only contained the genus ''Esox'', recent genetic and paleontological research have recovered ''Novu ...

Northern pike The northern pike (''Esox lucius'') is a species of carnivorous fish of the genus ''Esox'' (pikes). They are commonly found in brackish water, moderately salty and fresh waters of the Northern Hemisphere (''i.e.'' holarctic in distribution). T ...

, ''Esox lucius'' (Linnaeus, 1758)

Gobiidae Gobiidae or gobies is a family (biology), family of bony fish in the order (biology), order Gobiiformes, one of the largest fish families comprising over 2,000 species in more than 200 genus, genera. Most of gobiid fish are relatively small, typ ...

Caucasian dwarf goby ''Knipowitschia caucasica'', the Caucasian dwarf goby, is a species of goby native to marine, fresh and brackish waters along the coasts of the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov, the Caspian Sea and the Aegean Sea and to the Haliacmon drainage of Greece ...

, ''Knipowitschia caucasica'' (Berg, 1916) *

Racer goby The racer goby (''Babka gymnotrachelus'') is a species of goby native to fresh water, fresh, sometimes brackish water, brackish, waters, of the Black Sea basin. It is a Ponto-Caspian Relict (biology), relict species. The species is placed a monot ...

, ''Babka gymnotrachelus'' (Kessler, 1857) *

Round goby The round goby (''Neogobius melanostomus'') is a euryhaline bottom-dwelling species of fish of the family (biology), family Gobiidae. It is native to Central Eurasia, including the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Round gobies have established larg ...

, ''Neogobius melanostomus'' (Pallas, 1814) *

Monkey goby The monkey goby (''Neogobius fluviatilis'') is a species of goby native to the basins of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. Characteristics The monkey goby is covered with cycloid scales on the head, nape, back, one third of the gill covers, ba ...

, ''Neogobius fluviatilis'' (Pallas, 1814) *

Syrman goby The Syrman goby (''Ponticola syrman'') is a species of goby native to marine, brackish and probably fresh waters of the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov and the Caspian Sea basins. They inhabit inshore waters with substrates composed of shell fragment ...

, ''Ponticola syrman'' (Nordmann, 1840) * Marine tubenose goby, ''Proterorhinus marmoratus'' (Pallas, 1814)

Centrarchidae Centrarchidae, better known as sunfishes or centrarchids, is a family of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the order Centrarchiformes, native only to North America. There are eight universally included genera within the centrarchid famil ...

Pumpkinseed The pumpkinseed (''Lepomis gibbosus''), also referred to as sun perch, pond perch, common sunfish, punkie, sunfish, sunny, and kivver, is a small to medium–sized freshwater fish of the genus ''Lepomis'' (true sunfishes), from the sunfish fami ...

, ''Lepomis gibbosus'' (Linnaeus, 1758)

Percidae The Percidae are a family of ray-finned fish, part of the order Perciformes, which are found in fresh and brackish waters of the Northern Hemisphere. The majority are Nearctic, but there are also Palearctic species. The family contains nearly 250 ...

European perch The European perch (''Perca fluviatilis''), also known as the common perch, redfin perch, big-scaled redfin, English perch, Euro perch, Eurasian perch, Eurasian river perch, Hatch, poor man's rockfish or in Anglophone parts of Europe, simply the ...

, ''Perca fluviatilis'' (Linnaeus, 1758)

Petromyzontidae Petromyzontidae are a family of lampreys native to the Northern Hemisphere, comprising the vast majority of living lampreys. Petromyzontids have the highest number of chromosomes (164–174) among vertebrates. Genera * '' Caspiomyzon'' * '' En ...

European river lamprey The European river lamprey (''Lampetra fluviatilis''), also known as the river lamprey or lampern, is a species of freshwater lamprey. Description Adult river lampreys measure from in the marine forms and up to in the lake forms. The very elonga ...

, ''Lampetra fluviatilis'' (Linnaeus, 1758)

Salmonidae Salmonidae (, ) is a family (biology), family of ray-finned fish, the only extant member of the suborder Salmonoidei, consisting of 11 extant genera and over 200 species collectively known as "salmonids" or "salmonoids". The family includes salmo ...

Rainbow trout The rainbow trout (''Oncorhynchus mykiss'') is a species of trout native to cold-water tributary, tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in North America and Asia. The steelhead (sometimes called steelhead trout) is an Fish migration#Classification, ...

, ''Oncorhynchus mykiss'' (Walbaum, 1792) *

Black Sea salmon The Black Sea salmon (''Salmo labrax'') is a fairly small species of salmon, at about long on average and rarely reaching over . It inhabits the northern Black Sea coasts and inflowing rivers. There are anadromous, lacustrine and resident rive ...

, ''Salmo trutta labrax'' (Pallas, 1811) * Salmo cettii, ''Salmo trutta macrostigma'' (Dumeril, 1858)

Siluridae Siluridae is the nominate family (biology), family of catfishes in the order (biology), order Siluriformes. About 105 living species of silurids are placed in 12 or 14 genera. Although silurids occur across much of Europe and Asia, they are most ...

Wels catfish The wels catfish ( or ; ''Silurus glanis''), also called sheatfish or just wels, is a large species of catfish native to wide areas of central, southern, and eastern Europe, in the basins of the Baltic, Black and Caspian Seas. It has been intro ...

, ''Silurus glanis'' (Linnaeus, 1758)

Syngnathidae The Syngnathidae is a family of fish which includes seahorses, pipefishes, and seadragons ('' Phycodurus'' and '' Phyllopteryx''). The name is derived from (), meaning "together", and (), meaning "jaw". The fused jaw is one of the traits that ...

* Black-striped pipefish, ''Syngnathus abaster'' (Risso, 1827) * Narrow-snouted pipefish, ''Syngnathus tenuirostris'' (Rathke, 1837) https://web.archive.org/web/20101105212503/http://www.fisheriessciences.com/tur/Journal/vol1/issue3/jfscom2007018.pdf

Notes

{{Lakes of Turkey

Sapanca Sapanca is a municipality and district of Sakarya Province, Turkey. Its area is 173 km2, and its population is 46,847 (2024). It lies on the south bank of Lake Sapanca. The town's mayor is Nihat Arda Şahin ( CHP). Sapanca has recently beco ...

Landforms of Sakarya Province Canoeing and kayaking venues in Turkey Important Bird Areas of Turkey